动词ing形式的用法及练习题归纳整理含答案学习教案.pptx

会计学1动词动词ing形式的用法形式的用法(yn f)及练习题归及练习题归纳整理含答案纳整理含答案第一页，共43页。1. ing 分词分词(fn c)的构成的构成主动形式主动形式被动形式被动形式一般式一般式doingbeing done完成式完成式having done having been done否定否定(fudng)式式: not+ -ing/not having(been) done不是不是 having not (been) done第1页/共43页第二页，共43页。2. 一般式和完成一般式和完成(wn chng)式的用法式的用法-ing 分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时的动作同时(tngsh)进行的一个动作；完成式表示进行的一个动作；完成式表示先于谓语动词动作之前的一个动作。如：先于谓语动词动作之前的一个动作。如： Walking along the street, he caught sightof an old friend of his. Not having studied his lessons very hard,he failed the examinations.第2页/共43页第三页，共43页。3. -ing分词分词(fn c)的被动式的被动式 当当ing 分词与它的逻辑主语构成被动关系时，需分词与它的逻辑主语构成被动关系时，需要用被动形式。根据要用被动形式。根据ing分词动作发生的时间分词动作发生的时间(shjin)，ing分词的被动式分为一般被动式分词的被动式分为一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式和完成被动式(having been done), 如：如：The question being discussed is very important. Having been praised by the teacher, he works even harder.第3页/共43页第四页，共43页。 4. -ing分词分词(fn c)的句法功能的句法功能1) -ing 分词分词(fn c)作主语作主语2) Learning English has become a part of his life.3) It is no use trying to repair the ship. These4) holes are much too big.2) -ing分词分词(fn c)作宾语作宾语 以下动词必须跟以下动词必须跟-ing分词分词(fn c)作宾语：作宾语：admit/appreciate/avoid/consider/delay/deny/dislike/enjoy/excuse/finish/image/keep/mind/ miss/postpone/put off/practise/risk/stand/ stop/ suggest/ give up/cannot help第4页/共43页第五页，共43页。避免避免 错过错过 少延期少延期 avoid miss put off/ postpone建议建议 完成完成 多练习多练习 suggest finish practise喜欢喜欢 想像想像 禁不住禁不住 enjoy imagine cant help承认承认 否定否定 与嫉妒与嫉妒 admit deny envy逃避逃避 冒险冒险 莫原谅莫原谅(yunling) escape risk excuse忍受忍受 保持保持 不介意不介意 stand keep mindMake them easier for you to remember !Make them easier for you to remember !英语中某些(mu xi)及物动词后习惯跟动名词作宾语，这类动词是：advise, delay, appreciate, consider, be worth, feel like etc.第5页/共43页第六页，共43页。 to do sth. doing sth.forgetrememberregretmeango onstop try忘记忘记(wngj)去做去做某事某事忘记忘记(wngj)已经做已经做过某事过某事记住记住(j zh)去做去做某事某事记住记住曾做过曾做过某事某事遗憾遗憾去做去做某事某事后悔后悔做过做过某事某事打算打算/想做某事想做某事意味着做某事意味着做某事（做完某事）接着（做完某事）接着去做另一件事去做另一件事继续做同一件事继续做同一件事努力去做某事努力去做某事试着做某事试着做某事停下来去做另一件事停下来去做另一件事停止做一件事停止做一件事第6页/共43页第七页，共43页。3）-ing 分词作表语。如：分词作表语。如： Our job is playing all kinds of music. The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 注：一般来讲，注：一般来讲，-ing分词作表语有两种情况，分词作表语有两种情况，一是名词性，这时主语和表语可以互换。即：一是名词性，这时主语和表语可以互换。即：Playing all kinds of music is our job.二是形容词性，表示主语的性质二是形容词性，表示主语的性质(xngzh)和特征，和特征，主表不可互换。主表不可互换。 第7页/共43页第八页，共43页。4） -ing分词作定语可以表示分词作定语可以表示 (1) 所修饰所修饰(xish)名词的用途。如：名词的用途。如： a waiting room(=a room for waiting) 候车室候车室 a walking stick(=a stick for walking) 手杖手杖 a sleeping car (= a car for sleeping) 卧车卧车 （2）所修饰）所修饰(xish)词的性质特征。如：词的性质特征。如： exciting news 令人激动的消息令人激动的消息 a moving story 一个令人感动的故事一个令人感动的故事 第8页/共43页第九页，共43页。注：分词短语作定语须放在所修饰词之后注：分词短语作定语须放在所修饰词之后(zhhu)，例如：，例如：the man standing at the gate=the man who is standing at the gate 另外，另外，-ing分词分词(fn c)的完成式不能作定语。例如的完成式不能作定语。例如 不可以说：不可以说：The man having written manybooks is a former student of our school.应改为应改为The man who has written many books is(3)所修饰名词正在进行的动作所修饰名词正在进行的动作(dngzu)，可以换成定语，可以换成定语从句形式。如：从句形式。如： a sleeping child (=a child who is sleeping) 正睡觉的孩子正睡觉的孩子 a walking man (= a man who is walking) 正散步的男人正散步的男人第9页/共43页第十页，共43页。 5) 在在see,hear,feel,watch,notice等感官动词后可以等感官动词后可以用用-ing形式做宾语补足语。这时形式做宾语补足语。这时-ing 形式和句子的宾形式和句子的宾语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系(gun x)，并且，并且-ing 形式表示宾语正在进行的动作。如：形式表示宾语正在进行的动作。如： He saw a boy climbing the tree. Do you hear someone knocking at the door? 有人有人敲门你听见了吗敲门你听见了吗?第10页/共43页第十一页，共43页。区别see sb. doing sth 是指”看见某人正在做某事”，不是全过程，表正在进行 see sb. do sth 是指”看见某人做过某事”是看着事情(sh qing)的发生全过程， 是看见某人做某事例句I saw her clean the classroom. 是说我看到她打扫教室了。（强调做过这件事） I saw her cleaning the classroom. 我看到她正在扫打教室（强调正在做某事）第11页/共43页第十二页，共43页。6)-ing分词作状语分词作状语 (1)-ing分词在句中可以作伴随分词在句中可以作伴随(bn su)状语，状语，常放于句后，表示主语正在进行的另一个动作，常放于句后，表示主语正在进行的另一个动作，来对谓语表示的主要动作加以修饰或作主要陪衬。来对谓语表示的主要动作加以修饰或作主要陪衬。如：如： They sat in front of the building, laughing and chatting. He worked late yesterday, preparing for the lecture. (2)-ing分词可以作时间状语，常放在句首，如：分词可以作时间状语，常放在句首，如： (When)Walking in the street,I caught sight of a tailors shop. 第12页/共43页第十三页，共43页。(3)-ing分词可以作原因分词可以作原因(yunyn)状语，常放句状语，常放句首。首。 如：如： Being ill, he cant go to school. Not knowing her address, we couldnt get in touch with her. Having lived in the city for many years, he knows it very well.(After )Finishing my work, I went out.Having told us a funny story, the teacher went onto explain the text to us第13页/共43页第十四页，共43页。(4)-ing分词可以作条件状语分词可以作条件状语(zhungy)，常放，常放句首。句首。 Turning to the right, youll find the post office there.(5)-ing分词可以作结果状语分词可以作结果状语(zhungy)，常放，常放句末。句末。 He turned off the light, seeing nothing.第14页/共43页第十五页，共43页。5. -ing分词分词(fn c)的复合结构的复合结构物主代词物主代词/人称代词人称代词/名词所属格或普通名词名词所属格或普通名词+ing分词分词(fn c)(1) 作主语（须用物主代词或名词所属格）作主语（须用物主代词或名词所属格）His/Toms not being chosen made us disappointed.(2)作宾语作宾语(bny)(除了物主代词和名词所有格，也可用普除了物主代词和名词所有格，也可用普通名词或代词宾格）通名词或代词宾格） He was awakened by someones knockingat the door. They have never forgiven us going there. We dont mind him explaining it again. My friend cant understand your treating himlike that.第15页/共43页第十六页，共43页。(3)作状语作状语 （须用普通名词或主格代词（须用普通名词或主格代词,亦称亦称独立独立(dl)主格结构）主格结构）Time permitting, well deal with the text.The boy was playing with a ball, his mother standing nearby.第16页/共43页第十七页，共43页。1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。2）名词或代词与后面(hu mian)的分词，形容词，副词，不定 式，介词等是主谓关系或动宾关系。3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。The test finished, we began our holiday.= When the test was finished, we began our holiday.The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.独立(dl)主格结构可在其前加上介词 with/without。Without a word more spoken, she left the meeting room.The boy was walking, with his father following.第17页/共43页第十八页，共43页。Miss Smith entered the classroom, book in hand.Miss Smith entered the classroom, with a book in her hand.在“名词（或代词）+介词短语”构成(guchng)的独立主格结构中，一般不用形容词性物主代词和冠词。第18页/共43页第十九页，共43页。Not far from the school there was a garden, _ owner seated in it playing chess with his little grandson every afternoon.A. its B. whose C. which D. that【分析】此题很容易误选B，汉子你一不小心就会认为它是定语从句，whose 在定语从句中用作定语修饰其后的名词owner。但它却不是一个句子，因为没有谓语(wiy)。seat 用作动词时，它总是及物的，其后要么接宾语，要么它就用于被动语态，所以若在 seated 前加上助动词is，则可以选择B。所以选A。第19页/共43页第二十页，共43页。(1) He wrote a lot of novels, many of _ translated into foreign languages.A. it B. them C.which D. that(2) He wrote a lot of novels, many of _ were translated into foreign languages.A. it B. them C. which D. that第(1)应选B，因为句中的 translated 是过去分词若选C，则该从句无谓语；第(2)应选C，该句是典型的定语从句，因为该句修饰的是前面的novels，即指物，所以只能用which做of的宾语(bny) . 请记住定语从句有逗号,不用that !第20页/共43页第二十一页，共43页。(3) He wrote a lot of novels, and many of _ were translated into foreign languages.A. it B. them C. which D. that【分析】此题与上面的第(2)题不同，两句间多了一个并列连词and，说明(shumng)这是一个并列句，故应选B，则不能选C。第21页/共43页第二十二页，共43页。(1)There I met several people, two of _ being foreigners.A. which B. them C. whom D. that(2) There I met several people, two of _ were foreigners. A. Which B. whom C. who D. that(3) There I met several people, and two of _ were foreigners. A. which B. them C. whom D. that(4)There _ nothing more to do , Mr.Goodman left for home. A. Was B. being C. to be D. had being（独立(dl)主格结构）（非限制性定语(dngy)从句）（两个(lin )句子）（独立主格结构）第22页/共43页第二十三页，共43页。1._ more attention, the tree could have grown better A. Given B.To give C. Giving D. Having given2._ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received3.The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D was preparingBACto prepare表目的意思上并不错但通常不用逗号(duho)隔开第23页/共43页第二十四页，共43页。5. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. addedC第24页/共43页第二十五页，共43页。6.“ Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice. A. angrily pointing B. and pointed angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing8. The computer center, _ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened9. The first textbooks_ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written ADD第25页/共43页第二十六页，共43页。11. Do you know the boy _ under the big tree ? A.lay B. lain C. laying D. lying12. There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 13. - Good morning, can I help you ? - Id like to have this package_ , madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed14. The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself _. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard DDDB第26页/共43页第二十七页，共43页。15. The missing boys were last seen _ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play16. The salesman scolded the girl caught _ and let her off. A. to have stolen B. to be stealing C. to steal D. stealing A 别人别人(birn)看到时正在玩耍看到时正在玩耍,而非全过程而非全过程D补充完girl的定语从句：who is caught stealing其中who is 可以(ky)省略 也可以(ky)加上。be caught doing sth是固定句型。意思是某人被撞者做某事 ，放到句中，就是被抓到偷东西。第27页/共43页第二十八页，共43页。17. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied19. She set out soon after dark _ home an hour later.A.arriving B. to arrive C.having arrived D.and arrivedDD第28页/共43页第二十九页，共43页。20. John was made _ the truck for a week as a punishment. A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing21. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay22. Mr. Smith warned her daughter _ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. ever driveCAAwarn sb. (not) to do sth.警告(jnggo)某人（不要）干某事warn sb. about /of sth.提醒、警告(jnggo)某人注意某事make sb. dobe made to do第29页/共43页第三十页，共43页。25. European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make26. She pretended _ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen27. Rather than _ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _ a bicycle. A. ride, ride B. riding , ride C. ride, to ride D. to ride, riding AAC第30页/共43页第三十一页，共43页。28. Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this morning. A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. takingshoud love to 等于woud like to,后边跟动词(dngc)原形,Jim 是被带进剧院的,用被动语态.所以选A .第31页/共43页第三十二页，共43页。29. I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone31. Tom kept quiet about the accident _ lose his job. A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as toBB第32页/共43页第三十三页，共43页。33. - The light in the office is still on. - Oh, I forgot _. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off34. I can hardly image Peter _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A. sail B. to sail C. sailing D. to have sailedCC第33页/共43页第三十四页，共43页。35.I would appreciate _ back this afternoon. A. you to call B. you call C. your calling D. youre calling37. _ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk38.- I must apologize for _ ahead of time. - Thats all right. A. letting you not know B. not letting you know C. letting you know not D. letting not you knowCBB第34页/共43页第三十五页，共43页。42. You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. - Well , now I regret _ that. A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. having done 43. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not toDAB 这是一个省略式的回答，用to来表示动词(dngc)的省略。若选A，必须是完整的，not to do that . 因为do是及物动词(dngc)。例如：Would you like to go with me? Id like to.第35页/共43页第三十六页，共43页。44. The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating45. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lost46. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studyingCCABe lost in sth 是沉醉、沉迷(chnm)、迷失于。studied.第36页/共43页第三十七页，共43页。48. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door_ “ Sorry to miss you; will call later.”A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading49.The sentence wants_ once more. A. explained B. explaining C. being explained D. to explainDBwant doing=want to be done.need require 都可以用主动的形式(xngsh)表示被动如 The trees need watering = The trees need to be watered.第37页/共43页第三十八页，共43页。51. _ from so many apple, I think, these on the table are much better than the others. A. Having chosen B. Chosen C. Being chosen D. Choose52. Her skirt has become loose. She seems _ weight. A. to lose B. that she has lost C. to have lost D. to be losing53. The highway _ to the city is under repair now. A. leads B. led C. to lead D. leadingBCD第38页/共43页第三十九页，共43页。54. Did _ on time make the teacher angry? A. she not come B. she not to come C. not her coming D. her not coming55. You can never image the great trouble I have had _ the patient who received a serious wound. A. to treat B. treated C. treat D. treatingDD这里省略(shngl)了in , 惯用法 have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth : 做某事遇到了麻烦。第39页/共43页第四十页，共43页。There seems to be no time for going to the cinema化简是There is no time for going to the cinema.it is no time 不可以(ky)这样用。只能it is time for (doing ) sth . 而否定的只能there is some/much/a little/no timeC56. _ to be no time for going to the cinema. A. It seems B. It is seeming C. There seems D. It is第40页/共43页第四十一页，共43页。祈使句 :一. 动词(dngc)原型+ and/or + 陈述句 (一般陈述句里有will , or可用or else或otherwise替换) 如 Give me one more hour, and Ill get the work finished. Follow the advice, and youll be well very soon Take the chance, or you will regret it.二. 名词词组 + and + 陈述句 如 More effort, and you will succeed. Another attempt, and you will get it.57. _ to the top of the hill, and you can see the whole of the town. A. Get B. To get C. Getting D. Having gotA第41页/共43页第四十二页，共43页。58. While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need. A. to persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded59. -Your shirt wants _ , Mary. -Yes, it does. Im going to have it _ this afternoon. A. to wash, washing B. to wash, washed C. washing; washed D. washing, wash CC第42页/共43页第四十三页，共43页。