浙江省嘉兴市、舟山市2017-2019年三年中考英语试卷分类汇编：阅读理解(含解析).pdf
阅读理解20192019二、阅读理解（本题有二、阅读理解（本题有 1515 小题，每小题小题，每小题 2 2 分，共计分，共计 3030 分）分）2.阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Every year, more than 26,000 children arrive in Britain. We ask some new arrivals what they like bestabout their new lives and whats different from home.Jarek, PolandDaisy & Luck,the USAI dont know anybody from Poland here, but Im luckyMy sister and I like living here. Its cool! My sisterbecause the English boy next door is very friendly andlovesthe British accent (口音). Everybody here iskind. We are in thesame class! I like teachers here. Atvery polite. But we dont understand all yourstrangehome, the teachers seem a bit strict andserious. Therewords-we say yard not garden, and apartmentare a lot of rules, too. Here, teachers are patient and dontnot flat. The food is better here. Theres Chinese, Indiangive much homework. We students go out of school andand Thai. At homewe eat too much fast food.buy pizza or burgers atlunchtime. We cant do that inPoland.Zinah, IndiaIts too cold here! I hate doing sports, especially outsidein winter. The teacher here is very serious aboutsports. I prefer scienceand maths. I love the maths class because the teacher is really funny, justlike mymaths teacher in India. The school is so big and some students seemunfriendly. Im from a small villageschool. I think its hard to communicatewith them.（1）Among the above four children, _ probably likes the new school life best.A. LuckB. ZinahC. JarckD. Daisy（2）In Zinahs eyes, her maths teacher in India might be _.A. coldB. strictC. patientD. humorous（3）The passage is probably taken from _.A. a travel magazineB. an education websiteC. a geography textbookD. a business newspaper3.阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Everyone faces difficulties in their life. Daniel Kish was born with a special eye illness and lost hiseyesight before he was only 14 months old.Soon after, however, he started to do an amazing thing. He learned to make clicks (咔哒声) with histongue to help him move around. Kish now moves about using sonar (声纳). He is so good at it that he canride a bicycle by himself on public roads. And he started the organization World Access for the Blind(WAFTB) in 2000, teaching others how to use sonar. In the interview with National Geographic, heexplains how the sonar works.When I make a click sound, it produces sound waves. These waves reflect (反射) off surfaces allaround and return to my ears. My brain then deals with the sound and turns it into pictures in my mind.Each click is like a camera flash, which helps me make a 3-D picture of my surroundings for hundreds offeet. Its like having a conversation with the environment.Kish feels it is exciting to ride a bike using sonar, although he needs to click twice a second, muchmore than he usually does. It may sound a bit dangerous to move around the world in this way, he says.But most people in the world live in fear of things that they imagine. I love hiking and mountain-biking. Igo almost everywhere. And Ive never had an accident and hurt myself.He is happy to be able to help more blind children to improve their life. Weve served over 10, 000students in nearly 40 countries, he tellsthe reporter. Many students are surprised how quickly resultscome. Seeing isnt in the eyes. Its in the mind.（1）Kish moves around using sonar because _.A. he is good at making clicksB. it makes him see the worldC. he has a great interest in scienceD. it is important for him to keep healthy（2）Which of the following is the right order showing how the sonar works?The sound waves reflect off surfaces.The person makes a clicking sound.The brain turns the sound into pictures.The sound waves reach the persons ears.A. B. C. D. （3）What can we learn about World Access for the Blind (WAFTB) from the passage?A. It offers the blind free bicycles.B. It sells sonar products to the blind.C. It teaches the blind to use sonar.D. It helps the blind find more friends.（4）The best title for the passage might be _.A. Living without fearB. Traveling with the blindC. Hoping for the futureD. Looking around the world4.阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Fresh green grass, Hundreds of colorful wild flowers. Water running into little pools. Birds makingtheir homes in boxes. The 9, 500-square-metre Augustenborg Botanical Garden may look just like anyother well-organized park but theres a difference. It lies on the roofs (屋顶) of industrial and officebuildings in the city of Malmo in Sweden.Green roofs are not a new invention. And now they are getting popular again. The common roofs of amodern city have endless black surfaces with no life or water. Perhaps thats why a garden on a roofbecomes such a perfect choice for more and more people.Green roofs are not just pretty. They also help tomoderate the city temperature. The high temperatureson common roofs in the summer can make top floor flats uncomfortably hot. What is more, they play apart in making the cities hotter than the countryside around them, causing the urban heat-island effect.On a green roof, however, with its plants and water, temperatures change only a little, as they do in a park.This can greatly cut the costs of heating and cooling in the building below.Also, a green roof takes in rain water, and protects the city drainage ( 排水) system. And smallanimals and birds can make their homes on it. Thanks to this, the city may become part of nature, ratherthan something completely separate from it.While the cost of building such a roof can still be higher, it can be cheaper in the long term as a resultof energy savings. And wouldnt it be wonderful to be able to walk out into a garden high above the citysnoise and traffic, whether youre at school or in an office or just at home in a ten-floor block?（1）With the example of Augustenborg Botanical Garden, the writer wants to explain _.A. how wildlife is protectedB. what a green roof is likeC. how to organize a good parkD. what to do with a spare roof（2）The underlined word moderate in Paragraph 3 is the closest in meaning to _.A. raise B. check C. record D. control（3）Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank in Paragraph 4?A. A green roof is alive.B. A green roof stops pollution.C. A common roof is noisy.D. A common roof increases the cost.（4）The purpose of the passage is to _.A. discover the problems with green roofsB. introduce the change of green roofsC. show the amazing beauty of green roofsD. describe the advantages of green roofs5.阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Mark Zuckerberg, who starts the social network Facebook, often wears jeans and a T-shirt to work,including to important business meetings. Not everyone agrees with him. Some people say he doesnt lookserious this way.Harvard Business School researcher, Francesca Gino, has a different idea. While most people seem tothink that dressing differently from those around you generally has a bad influence, she believes it canactually have a positive (积极的) effect. And shes done experiments to support her idea. When herresearchers, wearing sportswear, visited the expensive shops in Italy, they were usually viewed aswealthier and more important people than those who were well-dressed in designer clothes.Do people always view less formal (正式的) clothing more positively? Researchers in France took theirresearch out into the street, to the general public. The video they made shows an actor dressed in a well-cutsuit and shiny shoes. While walking along the road, he begins to cough badly, stops to catch his breath andfalls down. Before he even calls for help, people rush to help him. In another video, the actor appears atthe same crowded place and repeats the actions in exactly the same way. But this time, no one comes tohelp. Whats the difference? Hes wearing untidy clothes and looks like a homeless person. In a situationlike this, the clothes youre wearing could mean the difference between life and death.It seems that our clothing doesnt only change the way others view us, but also the way we seeourselves. In an experiment testing students ability to pay attention to details (细节), the group wearingwhite lab coats did the best. Why? Researchers told them that they were wearing the doctors coats. Theexperiment didnt show whether such influences would last long. More experiments are needed in thefuture before we decide to make the doctors coats a must of fashion.（1）Mark Zuckerberg is not considered serious by some people because _.A. he does not listen to others adviceB. he sets up a network of video gamesC. he wears jeans and a T-shirt to workD. he often plays jokes at business meetings（2）Which of the following is Ginos opinion according to Paragraph 2?A. It is necessary to buy expensive clothes.B. Wearing less formal clothes is in fact good.C. It is bad to dress differently from people around you.D. Wearing sports clothes makes you look less important.（3）In Paragraph 3, the writer proves (证明) his (her) opinion mainly.A. by giving reasons B. by using pictures C. by comparing facts D. by listing numbers（4）What can we learn from the passage?A. What we wear makes a difference.B. Formal clothing makes a wise man.C. Our value depends on what we wear.D. Our clothing influences our characters.二、阅读理解（本题有 15 小题，每小题 2 分，共计 30 分）2.（1）C（2）D（3）B【分析】文章大意：介绍了Jarek，Daisy，Lucy 和 Zinah 来到英国以后自己的学习生活体验。（1）细节理解题。根据文中第一个方框中的语句 I like teachers here. 可知，Jarek 喜欢这里的学校生活，故选 C。（2） 细节理解题。 根据文中的语句 I love the maths class because the teacher is really funny, just like mymaths teacher in India.理解可知，Zinah 认为他的数学老师比较滑稽，幽默，故选D。（3）理解归纳题。通读全文可知，这篇文章主要介绍了四个到英国学习的学生自己的学习体会，应该与教育有关，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。3.（1）B（2）B（3）C（4）A【分析】文章大意：丹尼尔虽然失明，但是他能利用声呐帮助他行动。他于 2000 年成立了世界盲人通道组织，教其他人如何使用声纳。他很高兴能够帮助更多的失明儿童改善他们的生活。（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句When I make a click sound, it produces sound waves. These wavesreflect (反射) off surfaces all around and return to my ears. My brain then deals with the sound and turns itinto pictures in my mind. Each click is like a camera flash, which helps me makea 3-D picture of mysurroundings for hundreds of feet. Its like having a conversation with the environment. 理解可知，丹尼尔主要利用声呐来帮助他看清周围的世界，故选B。（2） 根据文中的语句 He When I make a click sound, it produces sound waves.可知， 第一句应该是 Theperson makes a clicking sound. 根据文中的语句 These waves reflect ( 反射) off surfaces all around andreturn to my ears. 理解可知，第二句应该是 The sound waves reflect off surfaces. 第三句是 The soundwaves reach the persons ears.根据语句 My brain then deals with the sound and turns it into pictures in mymind. 理解可知， 第四句应该是The brain turns the sound into pictures.它们的顺序是， 故选 B。（3） 细节理解题。 根据文中的语句 And he started the organization World Access for the Blind (W AFTB)in 2000, teaching others how to use sonar.理解可知，丹尼尔创建WAFTB 的目的就是教其他盲人学会利用声呐，故选 C。（4）标题归纳题。根据文中的语句Kish feels it is exciting to ride a bike using sonar, although he needsto click twice a second, much more than he usually does. It may sound a bit dangerous to move aroundthe world in this way, he says. But most people in the world live in fear of things that they imagine. Ilove hiking and mountain-biking. I go almost everywhere. And Ive never had an accident and hurtmyself.理解可知，本文主要介绍了丹尼尔虽然失明，但是没有被面临的困难吓倒，仍然利用声呐到处行走，并且没有出现事故。这就告诉人们要敢于面对生活中的困难，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。4.（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）D【分析】文章大意：介绍了绿色屋顶的优点。（1）理解归纳题。根据文中的语句The 9, 500-square-metre Augustenborg Botanical Garden may lookjust like any other well-organized park but theres a difference. It lies on the roofs ( 屋顶) of industrial andoffice buildings in the city of Malmo in Sweden.理解可知，介绍Augustenborg Botanical Garden的主要目的就是介绍绿色屋顶是什么样子的，故选B。（2）词义理解题。根据文中的语句They also help to moderate the city temperature. The hightemperatures on common roofs in the summer can make top floor flats uncomfortably hot.理解可知， 绿色屋顶可以控制城市的温度，故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句And small animals and birds can make their homes on it. Thanks tothis, the city may become part of nature, rather than something completely separate from it.可知，绿色屋顶充满了生机，故选 A。（4）主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了绿色屋顶的优点，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。5.（1）C（2）B（3）C（4）A【分析】文章大意：介绍了衣着对人们的影响。我们的衣着不仅改变了别人对我们的看法，而且也改变了我们对自己的看法。（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Mark Zuckerberg, who starts the social network Facebook, oftenwears jeans and a T-shirt to work, including to important business meetings. Not everyone agrees with him.Some people say he doesnt look serious this way.理解可知，Mark 穿着牛仔裤与 T 恤衫参加正式会议，有些人认为他不严肃，故选C。（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句When her researchers, wearing sportswear, visited the expensiveshops in Italy, they were usually viewed as wealthier and more important people than those who werewell-dressed in designer clothes.理解可知，穿着非正式服装其实挺好的，故选B。（3）理解归纳题。通读第三段我们可以看出，作者通过两个实例来证明人们不一定总是积极地看待不太正式的服装，人们有时还是以“貌”取人，故选 C。（4）理解归纳题。通读全文可知，人们的穿着可以对自己或他人产生很大的影响，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。2018二、阅读理解（每小题二、阅读理解（每小题 6 6 分，共分，共 3030 分）分）2 （6 分）Eating your way around the worldAustralia： Try a pie floater？Feeling hungry？ No visit to South Australia is complete without trying the local fooda pie floaterThey are traditionally sold at roadside food shops， some of which stay open all night It is a meat piefloating in a thick green pea soup Finally， the pie is covered with plenty of bright red tomato ketchup（番茄酱） Enjoy!Vietnam ：Soup for breakfastThe food stands in the streets of Ho Chi Minh City， Vietnam， open early in the morning and staybusy till late at night， selling fast food to hungry passersby The most famous dish is pho， a noodlesoup with slices of beef or chicken and different vegetables Its usually eaten for breakfastmanyVietnamese people say they cannot start the day without this delicious food!Belgium： Home of French friesYou can find French fried potatoes all over the world ， but as Belgians will tell you， they， not theFrench， invented this popular street food back in the 17th century French fries， eaten from a papercone are the Belgians favorite foodThe secret of perfect French fries is that they are fried（油炸）twicein hot oil， to give a perfect， golden outside（1）A pie floater in South Australia is a kind of food withA fried potatoesB thick soupC beef or chickenD a golden outside（2）According to the passage， all the three kinds of local foodA are sold in the streetB have meat insideC have tomato ketchupD are fried in hot oil（3）The passage most probably comes from thecolumn（栏目） In a magazineA educationB healthC travelD technology3（8 分） Right now you probably spend most of your time in schoolDo you wonder what you are goingto do after high school？ Will you continue to go to school？ Will you learn a trade？ Perhaps it is timeto think about your choices and to prepare for them Some day work will be a big part of your lifeWhat kind of job would be right for you？ Think about your interests and your skills You may liketo listen to music， dance， play basketball， or work with computers You may know how to drive acar or how to get along with people Knowing both your interests and skills will help make a better planfor your care
