英语(人教版选修8)练习：阶段质量评估3 Word版含解析.pdf

最新教学资料人教版英语最新教学资料人教版英语Unit 3Unit 3阶段质量评估阶段质量评估(时间：120 分钟满分：150 分)第卷第一部分：听力(共两节，满分 30 分)第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1What are the speakers going to do next?AWait for Bob.BGive a report.CLeave by plane.2What does the woman mean?ATea is better than coffee.BThere are two reasons not to drink coffee.CThe man shouldnt drink tea，either.3What did the mans father do the day before yesterday?AHe went to see the doctor.BHe stayed in bed.CHe slept all day.4Who could be good friends?ASarah and Steve.BSarah and John.CSteve and John.5Where does the conversation probably take place?AOn the playground.BOn the way to the playground.COn the way home.第二节(共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 8 题。6What does the woman think of AI.?AIt is exciting.BIt is surprising.CIt is moving.7Why does the machine in AI.want to become a real person?AIt wants to act like a human person.BIt wants to have true love with people.CIt doesnt like to be a robot.8Whats the most probable relationship between the two speakers?AInterviewer and interviewee.BFather and daughter.CClose friends.听第 7 段材料，回答第 9 至 10 题。9Why did the woman give the man a plant?AShe thanks him for taking care of her house.BThe man doesnt have any plants like this.CThe man likes the beautiful plant.10Where does the conversation probably take place?AIn the mans house.BIn the womans house.CIn the yard.听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。11What is the man asking the woman for?AWhere to check in.BHow to get on a plane.CWhen to get on the plane.12How many cards does the man need for a plane journey?A2C413What does the man have to do after he has paid an airport fee?AGo to the gate.BCheck in his bags.CHave the security check.听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。14How long has the woman been in New Zealand?A3 weeks.C13 weeks.15Why was the woman told to make more international or local friends?AIt would make her teacher satisfied.BShe doesnt like to have Chinese friends.CIt would help her in learning English.16Who are Kiwis?AInternational students.BNative New Zealanders.CPeople looking for fun in nature.17Whats the local peoples life like according to the woman?ALife there is very boring.BThey like to make a lot of friends.CThey enjoy themselves by getting close to nature.听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。18Whats the text mainly about?AWe human beings may be endangered in the future.B3 months.B3BThe situation of the nature today is totally different.CA brief introduction toTheory of Evolution.19Why are many endangered species dying out today?AIts natural for some animals to die out.BThere are changes in the weather or other causes.CMillions of them are being killed by human beings.20What is Theory of Evolution about?AStrong animals survive and weak animals die out.BWithout enough animals and plants，nature will get worse.CAnimals die out over a long period of time.听力原文：第一节Text 1Text 1W：Our flight leaves in an hour. Wheres Bob？He has the report werepresenting.I hope he makes it.M：He probably got caught in rush hour.W：There is now.He always arrives at the last minute.Text 2Text 2M：The doctor told me to stop drinking coffee.W：Shouldnt you stop drinking tea，too?Text 3Text 3W：Did your father go to see the doctor the day before yesterday，Jack?M：Yes，he did.W：What did the doctor say?M：My father should stay in bed for a few days.Text 4Text 4M：Im sure John and Steve could be friends, because they both like reading.W：Im not so sure about that，because John said that he liked reading，but healso said that he liked football.Steve said that he thought football was boring.M：Perhaps John and Sarah could be friends, because they both like reading andplaying football.Sarah said that she didnt like computers.John doesnt likecomputers，either.Text 5Text 5W：Im not very good at tennis，you know.M：Dont worry！Were playing for fun.W：I havent played tennis for a very long time.M：Well done！That is a very good ball！You see you can do it!W：I hope so.I enjoy playing tennis with you.See you next week.第二节Text 6Text 6M：Jennifer，I heard you like films.Do you have a favorite director?W： Well， there are so many， but I think I still like Spielberg most.Ive seen mostof his films，like Jaw s and Jurassic Park，ET,and last week I saw AI.M：What is that film about?W：A.I. is about a time in the future when people make robots that lovepeople.The film is about a little boy ，who is really a machine.The people throw himaway.The biggest dream of the boy is to become a real human person，so that thefamily will love him.The film shows that true love is forever.M：What did you think about this film?W：I like the film a lot because the story is simple but very strong.Text 7Text 7M：Oh，Wilma.What a surprise to see you！So youve come back.Did you havea nice vacation?W：Oh，we had a great time.Fresh air and sunshine every day.We were reallylucky with the weather.M：Come in for a cup of coffee.W：Thanks，but Ive still a lot of work to do.I just stopped by with thisits foryou.M： Oh， Wilma！ Thank you.Its beautiful.I dont have any plants like this.But youshouldnt have.W：Well，Fred and I just want to thank you for taking care of our house andwatering the plants while we were away.M：Well，what are friends for？You need not bring a gift.Why dont you comearound next week，and well have dinner with Fred and Barney.W：That sounds lovely.Ill call you on Tuesday.Text 8Text 8W：Good morning.How can I help you?M：This is the first time we fly and we dont know what to do.W：OK.First of all，you have to take your tickets and your bags to the check-incounter.There，they will take your bags and give you a card that lets you get on theplane.You will also get a card that you can use to pick up your bags when youarrive.Next，you have to pay an airport fee.M：Whats an airport fee?W：It helps pay for the airport.It costs about 50yuan.When you have paid thefee，you must go through a security check.An officer will check your name on acomputer and then make sure that you are not bringing anything dangerous onto theplane.M：Its good to know that they care about our safety.What do we do after that?W：Then you can go to the gate.M：Whats a gate?W：A gate is the place where you enter the plane.Its just a door really，and acounter where they check the card you got when you showed your tickets.M：How do we know when its time to get on the plane?W：There will be a call about twenty minutes before your plane leaves.Text 9Text 9M：Why did you come to New Zealand?W：New Zealand is an English- speaking country.I was told that Kiwis are veryfriendly and honest.M：What was your first impression of Auckland?W：When I first arrived here，two years ago，I thought“Wow！This place is sobeautiful.”M：And how do you feel about Auckland now?W：During the three months，I felt quite lonely.M：There must be many Chinese.W：I met some of them，and of course also made some friends.But my teacherstold me Id better make friends with other international students or Kiwis.Id havemore fun，and it would be better for my English.M：So what do you do after school?W：Everyone who first comes to New Zealand will feel that life is very boringhere.You have to discover the way Kiwis enjoy their life.M：Hows that?W：Kiwis look for fun that is close to nature.They go with friends hiking in themountains，or looking for all kinds of fun in and around the water.Text 10M：Charles Darwins famous Theory of Evolution tells us about survival of thefittest.Survival of the fittest means that strong animals survive and weak animals dieout.Today，many people are worried about endangered species.But isnt it just normalfor some animals to die out?The situation today is different from the past.In the past，animals died out over along period of time.When animals died out in the past，it was usually because ofchanges in the weather or other natural causes.What is happening today is totally different.We are killing millions of species ina short time.The result is that we are killing our future ，because so many species arebeing killed in such a short time that even the fittest cant survive.Many of the species that are disappearing are unknown and few people evenknow that they are dying out.We may also need these species in the future.If we allowthese species to die out，we are in fact becoming endangered ourselves.答案：15CCABA610CBAAC1115BACBC1620BCACA第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。A AToday Ill be talking about the inventionof thecameraand photography.Thecameraisoften thought to be amodern invention，but as early as 1727，a German physicistdiscovered that light darkens silver salt.Used as a camera， a big box was set up， and asmall hole was cut in one side to let the light in ；he made temporary pictures on thesalt.Silver salt is still the base of the photographic film today.Then a French scientistmade the first permanent picture by using a special piece of metal which was coveredwith silver salt.A photograph he made in 1826 still exists.The painter De Gear improved the process by covering the metal also withplacing the common salt which we can eat.That was in 1839，the official date ofbeginning of photographs.But the problem was the printing of the photographs.And itwasnt until other scientists developed the kind of photographic paper we now usethat good prints were possible and photography became truly modern.In the 1870s ，Matthew Bradey was able to take his famous pictures in American Civil War.In the20s of this century，Georges Mann of the United States simplified film developing，andDr.Edward Lane invented the socalled“InstantCamera” ， which usesself-developing film.If we say photography came into existence in 1839，it followsthat it took more than 100 years for the camera to reach its present condition oftechnical refinement(密度)语篇解读：本文主要讲述了照相机的由来及其逐步改进和发展的历程。21Which discovery was the basis of photography?ALight darkens silver salt.BLight darkens natural salt.CLight darkens silver.DLight darkens self-developing film.解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句的后半句“.a German physicistdiscovered that light darkens silver salt.”可知答案为 A。答案：A22How was the first permanent picture made?ABy making use of special paper.BBy adding common salt to silver salt.CBy giving a slight colour to the silver saltDBy using a special piece of metal.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Then a French scientist made thefirst permanent picture by using a special piece of metal.”可知答案为 D。答案：D23According to the author，why is Matthew Bradey remembered today?AHe was a soldier.BHe took war photographs.CHe painted portraits.DHe designed a portable camera.解析：推理判断题。由第二段中“In the 1870s，Matthew Bradey was able totake his famous pictures in American Civil War. ”可知，他在美国内战所拍摄的照片很出名，影响力很大，以致人们记得他，故本题选 B。答案：B24What did Dr.Edward Lane invent?AA cheap process of developing film at home.BA new kind of film.CAn automatic printer.DAn instant camera that develops its own film.解析：细节理解题。从第二段倒数第二句的“.Dr.Edward Lane invented theso-calledInstant Camera，which uses self-developing film.”可知 Edward Lane博士发明了使用自显影胶片的一次成像照相机，故答案为 D。答案：DB BIt is a sad fact of life that only one or two percent of inventeditems make money for their inventors.The author of this book believes this could beincreased to ten percent if inventors were provided with and used the informationavailable now.Most inventors do not have the qualities needed forcreating successful businesses.Thomas Edison is a classicexample.Though a brilliant inventor，he often failed when hetried to commercialize(利用牟利)his inventions.A frequent mistake is that they didnt do basic market research at an earlystage.They have spent much money on patenting and tooling ，only to learn that theidea has already been patented！Without giving away details of his invention，aninventor can make a simple check using local library directories.A simple computercheck may show incredible sources of information related to his item.As children we were told that Emerson had said ，“If youbuild a better mousetrap，the world will heat a path to yourdoor.”So many inventors think that they can sit back and waitfor customers to arrive.He who thinks ，in this day and age ，that a product will sellitself is out of touch with the real world.Inventors often fail to realize that manufacturing costs are often only a smallpercent of the retail price(零售价)The author also devotes an entire chapter to“Ten Ways to InventionSuicide”This chapter analyzes ten common ways in which inventors end theirinventions future.He talks about the “paranoid_inventor” who cannot bring himself totrust anyone，“the omnipotent inventor”who thinks that without any resources hecan take on an entire industry， and the “greedy inventor ” who wants it all for himself.The book concludes that if the inventor thinks that there is some magic formulafor the commercialization of his invention，his invention will probably end up amongthe 98 percent that fail.However，if the inventor makes an honest effort to understandthe process of new product development，he can succeed.语篇解读：大约 98%的发明没有给发明家带来经济利益，这是为什么呢？25What are Paragraphs 2-5 mainly about?ATips on how to become an inventor.BThe qualities of a good inventor.CThe similarities between inventors all around the world.DReasons why inventors fail to make money from their inventions.解析： 主旨大意题。 这四段告诉我们发明家没有从自己的发明中获利的原因。答案：D26What mistakes do inventors often make?anot doing basic market research beforehandbexpecting products to sell themselvescknowing little about businessdnot caring about costsAabcCabBacdDcd解析：细节理解题。根据第三段可知a 对；根据第四段可知b 对；根据第二段可知 c 对；d 没提到，因此选 A。答案：A27We can learn from the passage that_.Aonly ten percent of invented items make money for their inventorsBthe author agrees with what Emerson said about the mousetrapCthe author gives a magic formula to commercialize inventionsDinventors should understand how new products are developed解析：细节理解题。根据末段的“However，if the inventor makes an honesteffort to understand the process of new product development，he can succeed.”可知答案。答案：D28Where can we most probably read the passage?AIn a book review.BIn a research report.CIn an interview with inventors.DIn a news report.解析： 推理判断题。 根据第一段的“The author of this book.”和第六段的“Theauthor also devotes an entire chapter to.”等都可看出本文摘自书评。答案：AC CThe name of Alexander Graham Bell strikes a“bell”asthe inventor of the telephone.What most people do not know，however，is that this great scientist，engineer，inventor，andinnovator was amongst the first advocates of renewableenergy asasolutiontothedecreasingcoalandoilresources.After his research in acoustics( 声学)that led to theinvention of the telephone in 1876，Alexander Graham Bell started to take a keeninterest in the greenhouse effect.The history of renewable energy started long before Alexander Graham Bellstime.Camphene(莰烯)，the most popular lamp fuel of the 1850s ，sold for 50 cents agallon.Alcohol-powered irons， coffee roasters， hot water heaters and stoves， and evenalcohol-fueled cars were common in those days.T