浙江省衢州市2017-2019年三年中考英语试卷分类汇编：阅读理解(含解析).pdf

阅读理解20192019五、阅读理解（共五、阅读理解（共 1515 小题，每小题小题，每小题 2 2 分，共分，共 3030 分）分）10.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。（1）Totally Wild Hotel is special because of _.A. its high priceB. its good breakfastC. the lovely giraffesD. the old buildings（2）According to the text, people can _ in Kenya.A. cheer on camels in Lamu Old TownB. have breakfast with zebras in TotallyWild HotelC. see lions. Zebras. elephants in East National ParkD. watch the bright pink birds near LakeNakuru（3）_ will most probably be interested in the text above.A. People who enjoy travellingB. Scientists who study birdsC. Players who are good at runningD. People who have a pain in the neck【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）A【考点】广告布告类【解析】 【分析】文章大意：主要介绍非洲肯尼亚全野生旅馆包括地点、一夜的价格、特点、最酷的事情和能做的事情。（1）细节理解题。由The feeling youre being watched thats because a giraffe might be at yourhotel wndows! The hotel is home to about 10 Ronschids giraffes that walk around the house. Andtheyre surely not shy. Some of thegiraffes may stick their heads into your second-story bedroomwingows.可知到处都有可爱的长颈鹿，故选C。（2）细节理解题。由bird-watch on the banks of Lake Nakuru, where hundreds of thousands ofthe bright pink birds get together each year.可知看那库鲁湖附近的粉红色小鸟，故选D。（3）推理判断题。根据本文主要介绍非洲肯尼亚全野生旅馆的特色， 可知只有喜欢旅游的人才会感兴趣，故选 A。【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。11.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。Made in China is having its moment nowand its a fashionable one.The story of Chinese fashion began in 2011 when Feiyue and Huili, both Chinese sports shoebrands (品牌), suddenly got international attention. Their products were seen all over the world.Chinese sportswear brand Li Ning was at the New York Fashion Week in September, 2018. Theyshowed their new designs sweaters and jackets with Chinese characters.Shaun Rein, managing director of China Market Research Group, said that the latest Chinesebrands no longer catch customers eye by low price. He told CNN, They are sure that they canhead to head with foreign brands.Maybe it is because Chinas young people are now more confident about their own culture.They dont show immediate interest in western culture any more.Todays young people in China are crazy about Chinese cultural elements ( 元素), Jin Qu ,themanager of a clothing shopping website, said at a cultural festival in 2018. They like theseelements printed on their clothes, even the brand picture of Laoganma in China, which was onceseen as outside of fashion. But now young people are proud of these Chinese symbols.In fact, many stars in the West are now interested in Chinese cultural elements in fashion.Rihanna, a US singer, for example, wore a Chinese red dress to the 2015 Met Gala in New York.The dress was designed and made by Chinese designer Guo Pei.We have to move from making to creating, Chinese-American designer Aric Chen once toldThe New York Times. We want to replace the words Made in China with Designed in China.（1）The new designs of Li Ning Company in September, 2018 were _.A. coats and scarves in Chinese redB. sweaters and jackets with English wordsC. coats and scarves with American symbolsD. sweaters and jackets with Chinese characters（2）The underlined word They in Paragraph 5 refers to _.A. todays young people in ChinaB. the workers in Jin Qus shopC. some famous stars in the WestD. Directors of some Chinese companies（3）What can be the best title for the passage?A. Chinese Clothes BrandsB. Sports in ChinaC. Chinese Cultural FestivalD. Designed in China（4）The passage above may be taken from a(n) _.A. newspaperB. guidebookC. novelD. ad【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）D（4）A【考点】新闻报道类，说明文【解析】 【分析】文章大意：本文主要报道“中国制造”运动品牌飞月和慧丽和李宁很流行、和时尚。 主要原因也许是因为中国年轻人对自己的文化更加自信。 他们不再对西方文化表现出直接的兴趣。最后提出我们必须从制作转向创造。 ”我们想用“中国设计”取代“中国制造”。（1）细节理解题。由Chinese sportswear brand Li Ning was at the New York Fashion Week inSeptember, 2018. They showed their new designssweaters and jackets with Chinesecharacters. 可知他们展示了他们的新设计带有汉字的毛衣和夹克。故选D。（2）代词指代题。由 Todays young people in China are crazy about Chinese cultural elements(元素), Jin Qu ,the manager of a clothing shopping website, said at a cultural festival in 2018. 可知下文中的“they”是指代 Todays young people in China。故选 A。（3）标题判断题。由本文大意我们必须从制作转向创造。我们想用“中国设计”取代“中国制造”。可知只有选项 D 最符合文章的大意，故选D。（4）推理判断（文章出处）题。由最后段美籍华裔设计师陈国荣曾对纽约时报表示：“我们必须从制作转向创造。”我们想用“中国设计”取代“中国制造”。可知本文最有可能来源于报纸，故选 A。【点评】考查阅读理解。要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析， 结合选项选出正确答案 推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。12.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。The world has a plastics problem. And not just with bottles. Straws ( 吸管), toothbrushes,toysall kinds of plastics are placed in landfills. There are 5 billion tons of plastic waste in theworld. Landfills have a large part of it. By 2050, they could have 13 billion tons.Much of plastic rubbish finds its way into the ocean. Scientists say 165 million tons of plasticpieces are floating around out there. And most plastic wont disappear itself. It will remain in theocean forever. Whales get caught in plastic fishing nets. Birds die because of eating plastic strawsand bottle caps. It endangers ocean life. Plastic rubbish even ends up in the food we eat.Governments are realizing that recycling may not be enough. They are taking more actions.Though it is hard work, it is still a solvable problem. In Britain, people are not allowed to useplastic bags except in hospitals. Scotland and several coastal cities in the US stop people fromusing plastic straws as well. The US alone throws away some 500 million plastic straws a day.Thats enough to circle the Earth twice. Saying no to a plastic straw is an easy way to make a bigdifference, Diana Lofflin who started www.strawfree.org said. Do we really want to pass on toour children a world harmed by plastic?People have found some tasty ways to reduce waste. A company in India made the first-everspoon that people can eat. You dont have to eat the spoon. You can throw it away. It decomposes(分解) in just a few days. David Edwards, a scientist at Harvard University, designed an eatablebag which can protect the food or drink inside. It is a delicious replacement for plastic ones.（1）According to the writer, birds die because they _.A. eat bottle caps and strawsB. get caught in fishing netsC. feed on ocean animalsD. have the spoons in India（2）The underlined word endangers in Paragraph 2 probably means _.A. bringsB. losesC. harmsD. saves（3）The purpose of the passage is mainly to _.A. introduce some ways to recycle wasteB. tell readers about the problem with plasticsC. compare air pollution and plastic pollutionD. describe how the US is reducing plastic waste（4）From the passage, we can tell that the plastics problem _.A. is too big for people to solveB. can be solved by recycling aloneC. can be solved, but it wont be easyD. will have to be solved by future scientists【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）B（4）C【考点】科普环保类，说明文【解析】 【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍塑料对环境和人类和动物伤害。各国政府意识到，回收利用可能不够。 人们找到了一些减少浪费的好方法。 印度的一家公司制造了第一个人们可以吃的勺子。你不必吃勺子。你可以扔掉它。它在几天内就分解了。 哈佛大学的科学家大卫爱德华兹设计了一个可食的袋子，可以保护里面的食物或饮料。很好吃的替代品。（1）细节理解题。根据Birds die because of eating plastic straws and bottle caps. 可知鸟死于吃塑料吸管和瓶盖，故选A。（2）词义猜测题。根据Much of plastic rubbish finds its way into the ocean. Scientists say 165million tons of plastic pieces are floating around out there. And most plastic wont disappear itself.It will remain in the ocean forever. 可知塑料永久处在于海洋之中，部分自动分解，就会伤害到鲸鱼、鸟和海洋生物。A： brings 带来；B： loses 损失；C： harms 伤害；D： saves拯救。故选 C。（3）文章大意题。根据文章大意告诉读者塑料对环境、人类和动物的伤害及解决的办法。故选 B。（4）推理判断题。根据By 2050, they could have 13 billion tons.和 Governments are realizingthat recycling may not be enough.及 You can throw it away. It decomposes ( 分解) in just a fewdays. It is a delicious replacement 可知塑料问题可以解决，但不是很容易的事情，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文， 了解大意之后找出中心思想。13.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。Texting while driving is against the law in 47 states. But what about texting while walking? A2018 study reported that more than 2, 500 people in the US ended up in hospitals resulting fromusing a mobile device (设备) while walking.Hawaii passed a law making it illegal (违法的) to text or look down at a mobile device whilecrossing the street, it is the first state with a law like this. Do people think more places shouldaccept such a law? The LA Times did a survey. Here are some replies they received.Rena Jose, 26, New Yorkena Jose, 26, New YorkWhich is more important, texting or safety? If you are looking at your phone while walking, youmight not see a car come or traffic lights turn red. It can be very dangerous. For example, in Japan,one person fell into a lake and another got her leg stuck in a hole, because both had their mind ontheir phone. We should make texting while crossing the street illegal in more cities.Andy Selvam, 55, CaliforniaAndy Selvam, 55, CaliforniaPeople do many things that cause injury to themselves but are not illegal, such as climbingmountains, driving cars, swimming and so on. People might get hurt from texting and walking iftheyre not paying attention. But 1 still think they should have a choice.Bob Madigan, 45, OregonBob Madigan, 45, OregonAs humans, we can make our own decisions. Im not saying its safe, but we dont need thegovernment to babysit us. If we want to learn to make smart decisions, the government needs to stoptelling us what to do. After all, this is a free country.Andrew Black, 34, AlaskaAndrew Black, 34, AlaskaThis law is a good ideacompare this protection with seat belts. If this law is passed all over theUSA, people will be worried. But is there really a way to please everyone? This would not be forfun. It would be safe and good for all Americans.（1）According to the passage, in _, it is against the law if people text while crossing thestreet.A. Alaska B. California C. Hawaii D. NewYork（2）The LA Times did the survey most probably to _.A. win the hearts of more readersB. encourage more states to pass the lawC. ask readers if they agree with texting while drivingD. learn about peoples opinions on texting while walking（3）In Renas reply, she showed the danger of texting while walking by _.A. using numbers B. giving examples C. asking questions D. telling stories（4）Which of the following is Andrew Blacks opinion?A. Texting is more important than safety.B. The law would help to keep Americans safe.C. Its easy to please everyone when passing a law.D. Whether to text or not while walking is peoples own choice.【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）B（4）B【考点】新闻报道类，说明文【解析】 【分析】文章大意：主要介绍在美国的47 个州，开车时发短信是违法的。而在夏威夷， 通过了一项法律， 规定过马路时发短信或看手机是违法的， 这是第一个有类似法律的州。与此同时洛杉矶报对一些人对这项法律的看法做了一次调查。（1）细节理解题。由Hawaii passed a law making it illegal (违法的) to text or look down at amobile device while crossing the street, it is the first state with a law like this. 可知在夏威夷过马路时发短信或看手机是违法的，故选C。（2）逻辑推理题。由Do people think more places should accept such a law?可以推知想通过调查过马路时发短信或看手机是违法的看法，故选D。（3）论证的方法题。由Which is more important, texting or safety? If you are looking at yourphone while walking, you might not see a car come or traffic lights turn red. It can be verydangerous.可知想通过实例来说明走路看手机的危害，故选B。（4）细节理解题。由 If this law is passed all over the USA, people will be worried. But is therereally a way to please everyone? This would not be for fun. It would be safe and good for allAmericans.可知这条法律对所有美国人都是安全和有益的，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。2018三、阅读理解三、阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每所给的阅读下面短文，从每所给的 A A、B B、C C、D D 四个项中选出最佳选项。四个项中选出最佳选项。A16. Which of the following jobs is wanted in the poster?A. A model.B. A waiter.C. A support worker.D. A market worker.17. The Wowee Magazine wants writers who should _.A. be over 16 years oldB. be skilled and activeC. keep the salon clean and tidyD. have the ability to care for others18. According to the passage, the workers in _ will work 40 hours a week.A. Wowee MagazineB. Golden CareC. Top Model CompanyD. Cut Above Salon【答案】16. A17. B18. D【解析】这是一则招聘广告，介绍了三种不同的工作。16. 句意：下面哪一项工作是在海报中被需要的？A.模特 B.服务员 C.支持工人 D.市场工作人员。根据原图，models被提到了，其他三个均未提及，故选A17. 句意：Wowee 杂志想要有经验的且积极主动的作家。A.16 岁以上的 B.有经验的且积极主动的 C.让沙龙干净整洁 D.有能力照顾其他人。从原图看出Wowee杂志想要的是“skilled，active”（有经验的且积极主动的）作家，故选B18. 句意：根据这篇文章，Cut Above Salon里的工人将会一周工作40个小时。根据原图中的B广告，正文第一句“you will work 40 hours a week”，故选 D。BI have read plenty of articles about self-improvement these past few months, and most of them tellyou that you need to wake up and keep positive( 积极的). When you wake up, you need to think thatsomething great is going to happen today, and that you are going to have a great day. This kind ofpositive attitude(态度) is supposed to change your whole day.So this morning I woke up and decided to give it a whirl. The sun was shining brightly through mybedroom window, and it immediately gave me this warm feeling inside. I thought to myself, Todayis going to be a great day. One of the best days ever! I got out of bed, took my morning shower andbegan to get dressed. I put on a pair of dress pants I have not warned in a while, followed by mydress shirt and that is when it began. I reached into my left pocket and pulled out what felt like somepaper.You know that feeling of finding a $20 hill in your pants and it feels like free money? Because youforgot all about it and thought you never did?I pulled out a $100 bill and a $50 bill in the same pocket. It seemed like the best thing that hadhappened to me these days. Yes, $150 starts off my day! Im sure if someone could have seen thesmile on my face, they would have understood, I shouted in joy, with my poor dog looking at me likeI was crazy!Start your morning off thinking you are going to have the best day ever and you just might! I reallywant to know what will happen next.19. _ made the writer think in a positive way.A. Person he knewB. A message he receivedC. The articles he readD. The pants be wore20. The meaning of the underlined phrase give it a whirl is probably similar to _.A. get dressedB. have e tryC. reed booksD. make money21. The underlined word It in Paragraph 4 refers to _.A. finding money in the pocketB. receiving help from othersC. getting up early in the morningD. enjoying the morning sunshine22. What does the passage mainly tell us?A. It is important to be honest.B. Confidence leads us to success.C. Sharing with others brings us happiness.D. A positive attitude may bring a good result.【答案】19. C20. B21. A22. D【解析】 本文结合案例讲述了在生活保持积极向上的重要性， 并提出了积极面对生活的小窍门。19. 句意：他读过的文章让这位作者以一种积极的方式思考。 A.他认识的人 B.他收到的信息C.他读过的文章 D.他穿的裤子。原文“I have read plenty of articles about self-improvementthese past few months,”（过去几个月里我读了许多关于自我提升的大量的文章） ，这些文章告诉他要积极面对，这对作者起到了很大的影响，故选C20. 句意：划线的短语give it a whirl的意思可能与“试一试”的意思相近。A.穿好衣服 B.试一试 C.读书 D.挣钱， 原文“When you wake up, you need to think that something great is goingto happen today, and that you are going to have a great day. ”（你醒来的时候，你需要想一想一天中将要发生的一些很棒的事情， 并且要想着自己会有一个很棒的一天） ， 这是作者学到的，这天早上醒来他是要实践一下了，故这个短语的意思可能是“试一试”，故选B。21. 句意：第四段中划线的“It”指的是在口袋里找到钱。A.在口袋里找到钱 B.接受来自他人的帮助 C.在早上早起 D.享受早晨的阳光，原文“I pulled out a $100 bill and a $50 bill in thesame pocket.”（我在同一口袋里拿出了一张100美元你和 50美元的纸钞） ，所以这里的 it指的就是在口袋里找到钱这件事，这件事带给了些许快乐，故选A22. 句意：这篇文章主要告诉了我们什么？A.诚实是很重要的 B.自信带我们走向成功C.和别人分享会带给我们幸福D.积极的态度可能会带来一个好结果，这篇文章从开头就在讲积极面对生