Lecture2Famousscenicspots风景名胜.doc

【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流Lecture2Famousscenicspots风景名胜.精品文档.Chinese Historic Site and Famous scenic spots 历史古迹和风景名胜: Beijing （北京） Xian （西安） Dunhauang （敦煌）Jiuzhaigou（九寨沟） Lijiang（丽江）Huang Mountain (黄山)Suzhou（苏州）Hangzhou（杭州）Chengdu （成都）Yunnan （云南）1. Beijing 北京When you go to Beijing, the first scenic spot you will visit is Gugong 故宫, the Forbidden City, the Imperial Palace. Gugong 故宫is located in the north of Tiananmen Square. The Emperors of Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty lived in Gugong 故宫. Gugong故宫began to build in 1406 and completed in 1420. The main buildings are outward palaces serve as the court to exercise the rights and hold the ceremonies. The outward palaces include Taihe Palace太和殿, Zhonghe Palace中和殿, and Baohe Palace 保和殿.The inward palaces are the places for the emperors to work and live. There are about 9000 houses and rooms in it. Around Gugong is the city moat, used as a defense work in ancient times. The colour of palaces and buildings are Chinese traditional colours, yellow and red. Gugong故宫is the largest cluster of buildings and the largest ancient museum in China. There are a lot of ancient pottery and porcelain, bronze articles and jade articles.The second scenic spot is Tiantan, The Temple of Heaven. The Temple of Heaven is located in southern Beijing. It was first constructed in 1420. It was the place where the emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties would worship the god of heaven and pray for good harvest. Covering an area of 273 hectares, it is the largest architectural complex in the world for rituals to pay homage to heaven.The third scenic spot in Beijing is Yiheyuan颐和园,the Summer Palace. It is the largest the royal family garden. Kunming Lake 昆明湖and Wanshoushan,万寿山(Longevity Hill) are the two main scenic parts of the Summer Palace. You will see the ancient building and guardens.The famous Badaling Great Wall八达岭长城 is located in the northwest of the Beijing. There is an old saying that one is not a brave man if he has never climb the Great Wall.In Beijing suburbs, you may visit Shicha Seas什刹海, a historic site of temples, now it is a beautiful scenic spot. The Shicha Seas are the front sea, the back sea, west sea and ancient temples along the bank. 2. Xian西安Xian西安is one of the ancient cities in China. In ancient times it was called Changan长安. In Xian,12 Dynasties had established capitals there in ancient times. Xian is famous for Qin Shihuang 秦始皇(first emperor of Qin dynasty) Mausoleum and the terracotta warriors of Qin Dynasty. This museum is the largest military museum underground in the world. It is called the one of the great eight wonders in the world. In the museum, we can see terracotta warriors, weapons, terracotta horses, and wooden chariots, which was on large scale and with a large scope in the past. The big terracotta warriors are1.7meters tall, the tallest is 1.9 meters. They were moulded vividly and engrave delicately. Terracotta horses are1.5 meters tall，2meters long. The size of wooden chariots are as large as the real ones. In Xian西安, there are many other historic sites, such as Gu Chengqiang 古城墙（the ancient city wall）, Dayan Tower 大雁塔, etc.3. Dunhuang 敦煌Dunhuang敦煌is located in Gansu Province甘肃省, the northwest of China. It is a famous historic and cultural city with a long histroy of more than 2000 years. Dunhuang 敦煌 is like an artistic treasure house, in which there are beautiful and ancient architectures, sculptures, statutes, frescos. The most famous is Mo kao grotto 莫高窟at Dunhuang. The frescoes tell the stories of Buddhism, as well as life stories which reflect arts from the 6th century to the 14th century. From 200BC to 800AD, the China silk and silk products were transported to the West from the famous Silk Road. Dunhuang 敦煌 is town of military importance on the silk road. Traveling in Dunhuang敦煌, you will also see marvelous spectacles on desert, camel teams, and Crescent Spring of Mingsha Mount 鸣沙山月牙泉. 4. Huang Shan 黄 山 (Huang Mountain)Huangsahn Mountain 黄山 is located in the south of Anhui Province安徽. It is one of the ten famous scenic spots in China。Huang Shan黄山 is famous for the four unique scenic spots, odd-shaped pines, grotesque rock, seas of clouds, hot springs. The most beautiful pine is the Pine Greeting Quests. It looks like one who is stretching his arms to welcome quests from all over the world. In China we can see this famous painting everywhere. The odd-shaped stones have various forms,some of them look like men or look like animals. Although tourists can see the sea of clouds in any season of the year, winter is the best time to see the clouds. The Lianhua Mount莲花峰（lotus mount）、Tiandu Mount天都峰（heaven capital）,Guangming Top 光明顶 are the good spots to see the sea of clouds. Lianhua Mount 莲花峰is the highest mount and looks like a lotus. The temperature of hot springs is about 42 degrees. When tourists feel tired climbing the mountain, they can enjoy the hot springs and take a bath, then they will sleep and rest comfortably. The scenery of Huangahn Mountain is different during the four seasons, wild flowers in spring, the green grass in summer, the red leaves in autumn, and the white snow in winter. 5. 苏州和 杭州There is an old Chinese saying that “ There is Paradise above and Suzhou and Hangzhou below”, which means that Suzhou 苏州and Hangzhou 杭州are as beautiful as the Paradise in heaven. Suzhou is called a city on the water, in which small bridges over the flowing streams and some cottages are just ordinary landscapes. The Suzhou landscapes show the beautiful pictures as “xiaoqiao(小桥)，liushui（流水），renjia（人家）” to describe a peaceful waterfront village landscape of Suzhou. Suzhou is famous for the Chinese gardens. The hills, water, and stones are built in beautiful and artistic designs. In Suzhou, Canglang Pavilion 沧浪亭（Blue Wave Pavilion），Shizi Grove狮子林(Lion Grove), Zhuozheng Garden拙政园(Humble Administers Garden), and Liu Garden 留园( Lingering Garden) are the classic gardens. Hangzhou is a famous national historic and cultural city. It is the capital of Zhejiang Province. The famous lake West Lake 西湖（Xi Hu）is like a pearl embedded in the beautiful and fertile shores of the East China Sea near the mouth of Hangzhou Bay. The lake covers an area of 5.6 square kilometers. The view of the West Lake is simply enchanting, which offers many attractions for tourists at home and abroad. The most beautiful scenic spots of the West Lake are Su Di Chun Xiao 苏堤春晓 (Spring Dawn at Su Causeway), Ping Hu Qiu Yue平湖秋月(Autumn Moon on the Lake), and San Tan Yin Yue三潭印月(Three Pools Mirroring the Moon). In Hangzhou there are many historic sites. Lingyin Temple 灵隐寺is one of the historic sites. Ling Yin Temple is in a long, narrow valley between Fei Lai Feng 飞来峰(Peak flown from Afar) . Lingyin Temple 灵隐寺 has a long history of more than 6000 years, which was built by an Indian monk, Huili慧理.Lingyin Temple is one of the ten Buddhist Zen temples in China. Feilai Feng飞来峰(Peak Flown From Afar) is beside Lingyin Temple. There is a legend that this limestone peak flew from India where it had formed part of a holy mountain. It is of particular interest to Buddhists and those who have a love of sculpture and art.6. Jiuzhaigou九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou 九寨沟 is famous for its natural scenery. There travelers can enjoy and appreciate beautiful sceneries and especially the charming waters there. There are nine villages of Tibetan ethnic group, so it is called Jiuzhaigou（nine villages valley）. Lakes in Jiuzhaigou are called Haizi 海子. There are many Haizi海子. Various lakes form a stretch of lakes from the higher places to the lower, among which Wucaichi五彩池( five color-pool), Zhenzhutan珍珠滩(Pearl Lake),and Wuhuahai五花海(five flower-lake) are the famous scenic spots. The water is so clear that the withered grass and stones are clearly shown in the bottom of the lakes. Water in Jiuzhagou is colorful, blue, green, yellow, black, etc. The beautiful colorful lakes are like paintings. The trees in Juzhaigou are also colorful as paintings. The red, yellow, and green trees look like a colorful forest. Autumn is the best season to visit, for the red and yellow trees cover the mountains. In Jiuzhagou, besides beautiful lakes and colorful trees, there are snow mountains and primitive forests. Jiuzaigou is like a fairyland or paradise on the earth. There is a saying that “You wont want to see waters in other places after seeing that in Jiuzhaigou, and you wont wish to see other mountains after returning from Mt. Huangshan (九寨归来不看水，黄山归来不看岳)” This is the praise of Jiuzhaigou1. Near Jiuzhaigou, there is another a scenic spot Huang Long黄龙, which is famous for the color-pools, snow mountains, canyons, and forests. 7. Lijiang Gucheng 丽江古城 Lijiang 丽江is an old town in Yunnan Province, which is located in Yunnan Province, in the south of China. The scenery in Lijiang is unique and beautiful. The water in the brooks is from the mountains around. The brooks are flowing through the town. Flowers, grass, and willows are grown everywhere in the town. The unique scenery is that there are flowing streams by every house and willow trees by every door. In Lijiang, there is kind of beautiful music, called Naxi Ancient Music,纳西古乐. The traditional Naxi Ancient Music is a crystallization of Taoist rite, Confucian ceremony, and the literary lyrics, poetic topics and musical tones of the Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties, Naxi Ancient Music has developed its own unique style and traits. It originally included three parts Baisha Fine Music (Baisha Xiyue), Dongjing Music (Dongjing Yinyue), and Huangjing Music (Huangjing Yinyue), played on the Chinese musical instruments. Naxi Ancient Music is very famous. The players of the music are old men who are 70 or 80 years old. They often are invited to foreign countries to give performances. The temperature in Lijiang is very changeable. There is an old saying that “One can experience four seasons in one day.” June, July, and August are the rainy season. In Lijiang town, there are many family hotels. It is very convenient for tourists to live, and having meals with the hosts family. There are also many Lijiang special dishes prepared for tourists. 8. Chengdu 成都 1) Emi Mountain 峨眉山 2）Qingcheng Mountain 青城山 3）Dujiangyan 都江堰 （the ancient water project）