上海交通大学-博士入学考试试题-英语-2001年春.doc

【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流上海交通大学-博士入学考试试题-英语-2001年春.精品文档.二OO一年春季博士生入学考试试题(Time: 180 minutes)序号：A145 试题名称：英语Part L Listening Comprehension ( 25) Section A: Spot DictationDirections: In this section, you are going to hear a passage. The passage will he read only once. As you listen to the passage, fill in the blanks with the words you hear. After the passage, there will be a 3-minute pause. During the pause, you must write the words on the Answer Sheet.A recent university research project investigated the attitudes of postgraduate science students (1) the learning of English vocabulary. The results were urprising. I'll (2) three of them.firstly, most of the stcrdeaats think that (3)every word ill English has just one meaning. This is, of course:, completely (4) to the facts. A glance at any English dictionary will show this. The student will (5) find seven or eight meanings listed for (6) 'simple' words.Whv, then, have these students made such a mistake:' One reason irnay be that they're .ill (7) . students. Scientists try to use words ill their special subject which have one meaning, and one meaning only. Another reason., of course,could be the way in WhiCh these Student, Were They may have used vocabulary lists when they first learner! L:nglish. (M one side of the page is the word in Iaaglish-, on the other sloe, a single ti'ord in the (Q)native language.'l°he second attitude that (10)from the findings isequally mistaken. (11).,. _. .all the students think that every word in English has an exact (12)-._ ._ equivalent. Again, this is far from the trijth. Sometimes one word in Iinglish can only be translated by a (13) _. _. W_. in the student's native languial c. "there are other (l4)ill translation which we won't mention here. (:ertainly the idea of a one word for one word translation (15) _ . _-._. is completely false. Translation machines, which tried to work on this (16failed completely.The third result'of the investigation showed another (17)in the students' thinking. They believe that as soon as they know the meaning of a word, they're in a (18) _to use it correctly. This is untrue for any language but is perhaps particularly (19) -for English. The student has to learn when to use a word as well as to know what it means. Some words in English mean almost the same but they can only be used in certain situations.What, then, is the best way to increase one's vocabulary? This can be answered in three words-observation, (20)-. and repetition.Section B: Multiple ChoiceDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage. At the end of the passage, you will hear S questions. The passage and the question will be read only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D and decide which is the best answer. Then write your choice on the Answer Slicet.21. A) It had no efFect on living cells. 13) It had effects on living cells. C) It had effects only on children. I) It had effects only on adults.22. A) An increasing number of cancers in children.I3) A link between an electric current and the energy fold.C) A causal link between the power-line or device and the energy field.1) A Small increased chance ofcancer in children living near electric power-line.23. A) 446. 13) 464. C ) 223. 1)234.24. A) Because he doesn't have enough evidence.R) Because other scientists have not studied his results yet. C.) Because he discovered no direct link between disease and electricity.D) Because the link between cancer and electricity has not yet beenproved.25. A) Health and environment.B) Electric current and the energy field. C) Electricity and cancer.D) Electrical workers and cancer.Section C: Question and AnswerDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage. The passage will be read only once. Then try to answer the following questions according to what you have heard. Remember you should write your answer on the Answer Sheet.26. Why aren't most new doctors interested in beginning work in a small town?27. Why do many small town doctors work long hours? 28. What is the growing problem in the United States? 29. How many new doctors did the National Health Service Corps produce in 1979?30. Whom did a hospital in Parkersprary offer a reward o 5,000 dollar to?Part 11. Vocabulary (20%),Directions: In each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.31. To qualify for such a position, the native would first have to receive specialized training, and this isA) refusedB) discouragedC) deniedD) forbidden32. The little girl wore a very thin coat. A sudden gust of cold wind made herA) whirlB) shiftC) shiverD) shake33. Presently, there are nine teachers in my team, who have the task of teaching advanced English to more than 500 non-English majors.A) inclinedB) hesitatedC) afforded D) undertaken34. The press demands that politiciansthe sources of their income.A) betrayB) concealC) disclose D) renew35. Having gone through all kinds of hardships in life, he became a m with a strongA) philosophyB) idealismC) morality D) personality36. One new to learning a foreign language is to study the language in its cultural context.A) approachB) solutionC) manner D) road37. To maintain publicis not only the policemen's duty but f every citizen's responsibility.A) customB) confidenceC) security D) simplicity38. All was dark in the district except for a candlethrough th curtains in one of houses.A) glimmering B)glitteringC) flaming D) blazing39. One of the standsand dozens of people were either killer or injured.A) destroyed B) collapsedC) corroded D) ruined40. "Me, afraid of him?" he said with a(n) smile, "Not me!"A) contemptible B) amusingC) contagious D) contemptuous41. He will simply no listen to anybody; he isto argument.A) impervious B) imperceptibleC) impassable D) blunt42. Stop asking allthese personal questions! It is bad manners to beA) inquisitiveB) impatientC) acquisitiveD) informative43. Hebetween life and death for a few days but then he pul:A) hoveredB) lurchedC) wavered D) fluctuated44. We are prepared to satisfy all yourclaimA legitimate B) legibleC) intimateD) legislative 45. There is not aGreek word which is the exact_ of the English word ' stile'.A) equivalentB) copyC) counterpart D) meaning46. The prizes will beat the end of the school year.A) distributed B) attributedC) granted D) contributed47. During our stay in Paris we were splendidlyby the Italian Ambassador.A) sustainedB) maintainedC) retained D) entertained48. On leaving, we thanked him most warmly for the hospitality _ to us and our friends.A) extended B) expandedC) expended D) awarded49. If the dispute is not settled in a(n) _ way soon, the two countries will certainly go to war.A) amiableB) amicableC) inimical D) unfriendly50, If I may be so as to advise you, my opinion is that you should not reply to his letter.A) generousB) humbleC) proud D) bold51. If you take a(n) course like her you can learn English in less than two years.A) intensiveB) extensiveC) expansiveD) retentive 52. After a year's hard work I think I am to a long holiday. 10,A) entailedB) deservedC) entitled D) satisfied53. Thousands of people from Greece every year to work in West Germany.A) emigrateB) leaveC) abandon D) immigrate54, lie was a member of the Hillarythat conquered MountEverest.A) mission B) invasionC) experiment D) expedition55. It was my sad duty to _the news of John's death to his family.A) submitB) breakC) sayD) proclaim56. Hehimself as a war correspondent in Vietnam.A) discerned B) distinguishedC) discriminated D) extinguished57. Shehis invitation to dinner as she was on a diet.A) inclined B) declinedC) denied D) disinclined58. He waswith attempted robbery and held in custody.A) accused B) prosecutedC) charged D) arrested59. What the witness said in court was not with the statement he made to the police.A) prevalent B) relevantC) consistent D) coincident60. Molly has always beep a(n) child; she becomes ill easily.A) delicate B) gloomyC) energetic D) confident61. There are some very beautifully glass windows in the church.A) designed B) drawn C) marked D) stained62. The man who never tries anything new is a(n)on the wheels of progress.A) obstacleB) brakeC) breakD) block63. There is a sale at Hamfridge's next week within all departments.A) decreasesB) subtractionsC) reductionsD) accounts64. Doctors have long known that if a patient is_that he will recover and is treated with sympathy, his pain will often disappear. A) assumedB) assuredC) informed D) proved65: Although most birds have only asense of smell, they have acute vision.A genuine.B) negativeC) negligibleD) condensed66. We are sorry to say that Mary is not the very person who can be with either money or secret information.A）entrusted B) committed C)consigned D) assigned67. If you never review your lessons, you will only have yourself to if you fail in your examination.A) complainB) blameC) mistakeD) fault68. We were four scores left behind with five minutes to go, so the game looked completely A) irresistibleB) irremissibleC irreplaceableD) irretrievable69. Had the explosion broken out, the passagers in the plane should have been killed, for it was_timed with the plane's take-off.A) spontaneouslyB) instantaneouslyC simultaneouslyD) conscientiously70. The two witnesses who saw the shootings were able towho hard fired first.A) encounterB) highlightC testifyD) identifyPart III.Reading Comprehension (50 minutes, 30 points) Directions: There are 6 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and write your answer on the Answer Sheet.One day in 1963, a dolphin named Elvar and a famous astronomer, Carl Sagan, were playing a little game. The astronomer was visiting an institute which was looking into the way dolphins communicate with each other. He was standing at the edge of one of the tanks where several of these highly intelligent, friendly creatures were kept. Elvar had just swum up alongside hiui,and had turned on his back. He wanted Sagan to scratch his stomach again, as the astronomer had done twice before. But this time Elvar was too deep in the water for Sagan to reach him. Elvar looked up at Sagan, waiting. Then, after a minute or so, the dolphin leapt up through the water into the air and made a sound just like the word More?'The astonished astronomer went -to the director of the institute and told him about the incident.Oh, yes: That's one of the words he knows,' the director said, showing no surprise at all.Dolphins have bigger brains in proportion to their body size than humans have, andit has been known for a long time that they can make a number o sounds. What is more, these sounds seem to have different functions, such as warning each other of danger. Sound travels much faster ,and much further in water than it does in air. That is why the parts of the brain that deal with sound are much better developed in dolphins than in humans. But can it be said that dolphins have a language' in the real sense of the word? Scientists don't agree on this.A language is not just a collection of sounds, or even words. A language has a structure, or what we call a grammar. The grammar of a language helps to give it meaning. For example, the two questions Who loves Mary?' and Who does Mary love?' mean different things. If you stop to think about it, you will see that this difference doesn't come from the words in the question but from the difference in structure. That is why the question Can dolphins speak?' can't be answered until we find out if dolphins not only make sounds but also arrange them in ways which affect their meaning.71. The dolphin leapt into the air because A) Sagan had turned his backB) it was part of the game they were playingC) he wanted Sagan to scratch him againD) Sagan wanted him to do this72. When Sagan told the director about what the dolphin had done, the directorA) didn't seem to think it was unusualB) thought Sagan was jokingC) told Sagan about other words the dolphin knewD) asked him if he knew other words73. Dolphins' brains are particularly well-developed toA) help them to travel fast in waterB) arrange sounds in different structuresC) respond to different kinds of soundD) communicate with humans through sound74. The sounds we call words can be called a language only ifA) each sound has a different meaningB) each sound is different from the otherC) there is a system of writingD) they have a structure or grammar（2）Married people live "happily ever after" in fairy tales, but they do so less and less often in real life. 1, like many of my friends, got married, divorced, and remarried. I suppose, to some people, I'm a failure. After all, I broke my first solemn promise to "love and cherish until death us do part." But I feel that I'm finally a success. I learned from the mistakes I made in my first marriage. This time around, the ways my husband and I share our free time, make decisions, and deal with problems are very different.I learned, first of all, not to be a clinging vine (依赖男子的妇女) . In my first marriage, I felt the every moment we spent apart was wasted. If Ray wanted to go out to a bar with his friends to watch a football game, I felt rejected and talked him into staying home. I wouldn't accept an offer to go to a movie or join an exercise class it' it meant that Ray would be home alone. I realize now that we were often angry with each other just because we spent too much time together. In contrast, my second husband and I spend some of our tree time apart and try to have interests of our own. I have started playing racquetball at a health club, and David sometimes takes off to go to the local auto