高中英语完形填空解题技巧课件.pptx

会计学1高中英语完形填空解题技巧课件高中英语完形填空解题技巧课件第一页，共29页。完形填空设空以实词为主、虚词为辅，单词为主、短语为辅。动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词等实词通常要占全部小题数的80%以上。而介词、连词、冠词等虚词则相对考得较少。具体(jt)比例见下表：第1页/共29页第二页，共29页。试卷动词形容词副词 名词代词介词连词007414130015464001028244002038533001048424101057134032第2页/共29页第三页，共29页。完形填空解题(ji t)步骤通览(tn ln)-试填-复核 1 通览-速度全文，把握(bw)大意 快速阅读一下全文，通过通览全文、领会大意，概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等等。 2 试填-紧扣文意，瞻前顾后 先易后难，逐层深入。紧扣全文内容，联系上下文和语境，展开逻辑推理，注意从上下文中寻找线索，注意词汇的意义、搭配，惯用法，语法，常识等多个角度进行综合考虑。第3页/共29页第四页，共29页。3 复核-全面检查，确保(qubo)语意连贯，用词准确 试填后，要把全文再通读一遍 ，注意看所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构(jigu)完整、首尾呼应。第4页/共29页第五页，共29页。解题技巧1. 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。（同义词或反义词）2. 注意固定搭配3. 注意同义词的辨义4.根据动作(dngzu)的发出者确定所选的词5.根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项6. 根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项7. 利用语法知识选出正确选项第5页/共29页第六页，共29页。解题技巧1 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些(zhxi)词有可能是同义词或反义词。1) Many old people dont have good _. They cant watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio .A hearing B health C eyesight D time第6页/共29页第七页，共29页。2) Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very, very_. A. deep B.high C. cold D. dangerous根据(gnj)转折连词but的提示，所选的词应与shallow相反，因此选A第7页/共29页第八页，共29页。3) I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase,my father following with two more.By the time I got to the third floor ,I was_ and at the same time feeling lonely.( NMET2000 第26小题(xio t)） A helpless B lazy C anxious D tiredD第8页/共29页第九页，共29页。4) and then both ended up from the same high school, just three weeks before_, Bill asked Mark if they could talk.(2003北京(bi jn)春季卷第45小题）A graduation B movement C separation D vacationA第9页/共29页第十页，共29页。2 注意固定搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确(zhngqu)的短语。1）The city(Washington) was named_George Washington, the first president of the United States. A. by B. for C. as D. after 第10页/共29页第十一页，共29页。2) It was 4 oclock when the front doorbell rang. Mrs Clarke was _tea at the time.A. cooking B. making C.burning D. serving第11页/共29页第十二页，共29页。3) Mark_ down and helped the boy pick up these articles.(2003 北京(bi jn) 春 50小题） A.fell B. sat C.lay D. knelt第12页/共29页第十三页，共29页。4) Eds been the least physically fit member in the family, and_ proud of himself.(NMET2003第42题） A. strangely B. personally C. reasonably D. eagerly第13页/共29页第十四页，共29页。5） , but they are _ damage to our houses and shops of historical interest, Said John Norris,one of the protesters.（NMET1999第30题)A doing B raising C putting D producing 第14页/共29页第十五页，共29页。3 注意(zh y)同义词的辨义1）Soon I heard a _ like that of a door burst in , and then a climb of feet. A. sound B. cry C. voice D.shout第15页/共29页第十六页，共29页。2）The boy was _ _ the water and his canoe was _ away. A on B within C in D under A running B floating C flowing D pulling第16页/共29页第十七页，共29页。3). Give me a hand, he shouted_ he got near the boat. A. while B. till C. for D. as四个选项都可以表示时间。while强调一段时间内进行的动作，常与进行时连用；till表示的是动作持续到某时或到某时才开始；for表示的是动作持续了一段时间；as连接(linji)的是一个与谓语动作几乎同时发生的动词。答案应选D，表示他一边向船靠近一边大声喊。第17页/共29页第十八页，共29页。4.根据(gnj)动作的发出者确定所选的词1). And video cameras can be used to _peoples actions at home. A. keep B. make C. record D. watch第18页/共29页第十九页，共29页。2). When the papers were_ she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test. A. collected B. completed C. marked D. answered第19页/共29页第二十页，共29页。3). Japan is an island country and its_ go all over the Pacific looking for fish to _. A. fishing boats B. lifeboats C. planes D. trains A.buy B. catch C.hold D.weigh 只有fishing boats能够(nnggu)到太平洋捕鱼，因此第一个空答案A为。捕鱼用动词catch，第二个空答案为B。第20页/共29页第二十一页，共29页。5 根据(gnj)上下文的逻辑关系确定选项 有时，选项中所给的四个词为表示上下文逻辑关系的连接性词语(cy)，它涉及到文章的起承转合、上下连贯。这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系以及对比关系等。常见的承接语有and,but,however,so,therefore,等。其中for one thingfor another等连接词表示列举(lij)；Firstand then,FirstNextThenFinally用来按次序描述时间发生的过程；anyhow,still,though,although表示让步关系；therefore,so表结果；because,since,due to,owing to表原因，等等。第21页/共29页第二十二页，共29页。1). A transistor radio is sometimes very small.It is very easy to carry_,radio broadcasts are better for blind people. A. Besides B. However C. Yet D. Sometimes2). At first nothing happened,_suddenly a large rat rushed out ofthe A.and B. or C. so D.then 第22页/共29页第二十三页，共29页。3). My main responsibility(职责(zhz)） were clearing tables and washing dishes,_sometimes I helped cook.（2003 北京 第40题） A. or B. so C. but D. even第23页/共29页第二十四页，共29页。6 根据生活常识(chngsh)以及相关知识确定选项1）The space is left to let the railexpand（膨胀(png zhng)） when it gets _. A. wet B. cold C. hot D. dry第24页/共29页第二十五页，共29页。2),you _the international dateline.By agreement, this is the point where a new day_. A. see B. cross C. are D. are stopped by_A.is coming B is discovered C.is invented D. beginsthe international dateline是国际日期变更线，是人们所规定(gudng)的，看不见，摸不着，但是可以越过。它是新的一天开始的地方。答案分别为B 和D第25页/共29页第二十六页，共29页。7 利用(lyng)语法知识选出正确选项1）When Ed first phoned and _ we play, I laughed quietly,figuring on an easy victory.(NMET2003 , 37题） A.declared B. mentioned C.persuaded D. suggested第26页/共29页第二十七页，共29页。2). I realized that_ I had done that I would have lost a new friend and missed all the fun we would have together.(2003 北京(bi jn) 春季 53题） A.before B.if C. while D. as3). As my father,_worked three jobs,once told me, （2003 北京(bi jn) 54题） A.he B. that C. who D.whoever 第27页/共29页第二十八页，共29页。第28页/共29页第二十九页，共29页。