实验二多区域OSPF网络互联.doc
【精品文档】如有侵权,请联系网站删除,仅供学习与交流实验二多区域OSPF网络互联.精品文档.实验二 多区域OSPF网络互联实验学时:2实验类型:验证一、实验目的 掌握多区域OSPF的基本配置; 掌握OSPF路由汇总的配置,包括域间路由、外部自治系统路由、默认路由。二、实验条件 Cisco360 Router、GNS3仿真软件、具备Windows操作系统的PC机三、实验原理及相关知识OSPF协议配置方法四、实验步骤多区域OSPF基本的配置(1)配置路由器R1:R1#conf tR1(conft)#int s1/0R1(conft-if)#ip add 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.252R1(conft-if)#no shutR1(conft)#int lo0R1(conft-if)#ip add 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0R1(conft)#int lo1R1(conft-if)# ip add 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0R1(conft)#int lo2R1(conft-if)# ip add 10.1.3.1 255.255.255.0R1(conft-if)#exitR1(conft)#router ospf 1R1(conft-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1R1(conft-router)# network 12.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0/利用在路由器R1 上将环回接口0以重分布的方式注入OSPF 区域,用来构造5 类的LSAR1(conft)#router ripR1(conft-router)#version 2R1(conft-router)#no auto-summaryR1(conft-router)#network 10.1.0.0R1(conft)#router ospf 1R1(conft-router)# redstribution rip subnets将10.1.0.0/16网络重发布到ospf中(2)配置路由器R2R2#conf tR2(conft)#int s1/0R2(conft-if)#ip add 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.252R2(conft-if)#no shutR2(conft)#int s1/1R2(conft-if)#ip add 23.1.1.1 255.255.255.252R2(conft-if)#no shutR2(conft-if)#exitR2(conft)#router ospf 1R2(conft-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2R2(conft-router)# network 12.1.1.2 0.0.0.0 area 0R2(conft-router)# network 23.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 1(3)配置路由器R3R3#conf tR3(conft)#int s1/0R3(conft-if)#ip add 23.1.1.1 255.255.255.252R3(conft-if)#no shutR3(conft)#int lo0R3(conft-if)#ip add 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0R3(conft)#int lo1R3(conft-if)# ip add 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0R3(conft)#int lo2R3(conft-if)# ip add 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0R3(conft-if)#exitR3(conft)#router ospf 1R3(conft-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3R3(conft-router)# network 23.1.1.2 0.0.0.0 area 1R3(conft-router)#network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 1(4)实验调试R1#show ip route 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO IA 23.1.1.0 110/128 via 12.1.1.2, 00:00:10, Serial1/0 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsO IA 172.16.1.0 110/129 via 12.1.1.2, 00:00:01, Serial1/0O IA 172.16.2.0 110/129 via 12.1.1.2, 00:00:01, Serial1/0O IA 172.16.3.0 110/129 via 12.1.1.2, 00:00:01, Serial1/0 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsC 10.1.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback2C 10.1.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback1C 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 12.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0 R3#show ip route 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 23.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback1C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback2 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsO E2 10.1.3.0 110/20 via 23.1.1.1, 00:12:00, Serial1/0O E2 10.1.2.0 110/20 via 23.1.1.1, 00:12:00, Serial1/0O E2 10.1.1.0 110/20 via 23.1.1.1, 00:12:00, Serial1/0 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO IA 12.1.1.0 110/128 via 23.1.1.1, 00:12:10, Serial1/0从上述路由信息中可以看出,R1和R3学习到明细路由。R2#show ip ospf database OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 1) Router Link States (Area 0)Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 1117 0x80000002 0x00FB78 22.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 1117 0x80000002 0x0098D7 2 Summary Net Link States (Area 0)Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum23.1.1.0 2.2.2.2 1123 0x80000001 0x008C4F172.16.1.0 2.2.2.2 1103 0x80000001 0x0049EC172.16.2.0 2.2.2.2 1103 0x80000001 0x003EF6172.16.3.0 2.2.2.2 1103 0x80000001 0x003301 Router Link States (Area 1)Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 1117 0x80000002 0x001A39 23.3.3.3 3.3.3.3 1117 0x80000002 0x0017C8 5 Summary Net Link States (Area 1)Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum12.1.1.0 2.2.2.2 1123 0x80000001 0x001CCA Summary ASB Link States (Area 1)Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum1.1.1.1 2.2.2.2 1104 0x80000001 0x00935C Type-5 AS External Link StatesLink ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Tag10.1.1.0 1.1.1.1 1129 0x80000001 0x003060 010.1.2.0 1.1.1.1 1129 0x80000001 0x00256A 010.1.3.0 1.1.1.1 1129 0x80000001 0x001A74 0OSPF的手工汇总(1) 配置区域间路由汇总R1#show ip route 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO IA 23.1.1.0 110/128 via 12.1.1.2, 00:55:34, Serial1/0 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsO IA 172.16.1.0 110/129 via 12.1.1.2, 00:00:03, Serial1/0O IA 172.16.2.0 110/129 via 12.1.1.2, 00:00:03, Serial1/0O IA 172.16.3.0 110/129 via 12.1.1.2, 00:00:03, Serial1/0 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsC 10.1.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback2C 10.1.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback1C 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 12.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0R2(config)#router ospf 1R2(config-router)# area 1 range 172.16.0.0 255.255.252.0 /在ASR上配置区域间路由汇总R1#show ip route 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO IA 23.1.1.0 110/128 via 12.1.1.2, 00:54:30, Serial1/0 172.16.0.0/22 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO IA 172.16.0.0 110/129 via 12.1.1.2, 00:01:15, Serial1/0 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsC 10.1.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback2C 10.1.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback1C 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 12.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0(2)配置外部自治系统路由汇总R3# show ip route 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 23.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback1C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback2 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsO E2 10.1.3.0 110/20 via 23.1.1.1, 00:00:02, Serial1/0O E2 10.1.2.0 110/20 via 23.1.1.1, 00:00:02, Serial1/0O E2 10.1.1.0 110/20 via 23.1.1.1, 00:00:02, Serial1/0 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO IA 12.1.1.0 110/128 via 23.1.1.1, 01:03:18, Serial1/0R1(config)#router ospf 1R1(config-router)#summary-address 10.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 /在ASBR上配置外部自治系统路由汇总R3# show ip route 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 23.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback1C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback2 10.0.0.0/16 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO E2 10.1.0.0 110/20 via 23.1.1.1, 00:00:10, Serial1/0 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO IA 12.1.1.0 110/128 via 23.1.1.1, 00:58:43, Serial1/0 默认路由的配置R3(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.1.0R3(config)#router ospf 1R3(config-router)# redistribute static subnetsR3#show ip route23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 23.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback1C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback2 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsO E2 10.1.3.0 110/20 via 23.1.1.1, 00:01:39, Serial1/0O E2 10.1.2.0 110/20 via 23.1.1.1, 00:01:39, Serial1/0O E2 10.1.1.0 110/20 via 23.1.1.1, 00:01:39, Serial1/0 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO IA 12.1.1.0 110/128 via 23.1.1.1, 00:01:39, Serial1/0S* 0.0.0.0/0 1/0 via 172.16.1.0R2#show ip route23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 23.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsO 172.16.1.0 110/65 via 23.1.1.2, 00:04:55, Serial1/1O 172.16.2.0 110/65 via 23.1.1.2, 00:04:55, Serial1/1O 172.16.3.0 110/65 via 23.1.1.2, 00:04:55, Serial1/1 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsO E2 10.1.3.0 110/20 via 12.1.1.1, 00:04:55, Serial1/0O E2 10.1.2.0 110/20 via 12.1.1.1, 00:04:55, Serial1/0O E2 10.1.1.0 110/20 via 12.1.1.1, 00:04:55, Serial1/0 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 12.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0/在R2上没有静态路由信息,默认情况下,OSPF路由器不会生成默认路由,并将其注入到OSPF路由选择域中,要让OSPF生成默认路由,必须使用命令default-information originate alwaysR3(config)#route ospf 1R3(config-router)# default-information originate alwaysR2#show ip route 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 23.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsO 172.16.1.0 110/65 via 23.1.1.2, 00:08:07, Serial1/1O 172.16.2.0 110/65 via 23.1.1.2, 00:08:07, Serial1/1O 172.16.3.0 110/65 via 23.1.1.2, 00:08:07, Serial1/1 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsO E2 10.1.3.0 110/20 via 12.1.1.1, 00:08:07, Serial1/0O E2 10.1.2.0 110/20 via 12.1.1.1, 00:08:07, Serial1/0O E2 10.1.1.0 110/20 via 12.1.1.1, 00:08:07, Serial1/0 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 12.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0O*E2 0.0.0.0/0 110/1 via 23.1.1.2, 00:00:36, Serial1/1/此时在R2上生成默认路由附加实验 OSPF特殊区域的配置一、实验目的 理解末节区域的特征、完全末节区域、NSSA区域的特征; 掌握末节区域的特征、完全末节区域、NSSA区域的配置;二、实验条件 Cisco360 Router、GNS3仿真软件、具备Windows操作系统的PC机三、实验原理及相关知识Area1 OSPF特殊区域的配置四、实验步骤 配置末节区域在上述实验的基础上,去除各路由器路由汇总信息R2(config-router)#no area 1 range 172.16.0.0 255.255.252.0R1(config-router)#no summary-address 10.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 R3(config-router)# no default-information originate alwaysR1的环回接口上配置RIP重新发布到OSPF区域中 ,充当外部的5类LSAR1(conft)#router ripR1(conft-router)#version 2R1(conft-router)#no auto-summaryR1(conft-router)#network 10.1.0.0R1(conft)#router ospf 1R1(conft-router)# redstribution rip subnets /将10.1.0.0/16网络重发布到ospf中把area 1配置成末节区域R2(config)#router ospf 1R2(config-router)#area 1 stubR3(config)#router ospf 1R3(config-router)#area 1 stub实验调试R3# show ip route 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 23.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback1C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback2 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO IA 12.1.1.0 110/128 via 23.1.1.1, 00:04:09, Serial1/0O*IA 0.0.0.0/0 110/65 via 23.1.1.1, 00:04:09, Serial1/0/从上述路由表中没有看到O E2 的路由信息,末节区域不接收类型5类的LSA,也就是外部路由;但多生成了一条默认路由。由于末节区域1的ABR R2 自动向该区域内传播0.0.0.0/0 的默认路由;末节区域可以接收区域间路由。R3# show ip ospf database summary 0.0.0.0 OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1) Summary Net Link States (Area 1) Routing Bit Set on this LSA LS age: 573 Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward) LS Type: Summary Links(Network) Link State ID: 0.0.0.0 (summary Network Number) Advertising Router: 2.2.2.2 LS Seq Number: 80000001 Checksum: 0x75C0 Length: 28 Network Mask: /0 TOS: 0 Metric: 1配置完全末节区域(1)在末节区域的基础上配置,(ABR上配置)R2(config)#router ospf 1R2(config-router)#area 1 stub no-summary(2)实验调试R3# show ip route 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 23.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback1C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback2O*IA 0.0.0.0/0 110/65 via 23.1.1.1, 00:01:17, Serial1/0/此时缺少O IA的路由信息R3# show ip ospf database OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1) Router Link States (Area 1)Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 1167 0x80000006 0x003021 23.3.3.3 3.3.3.3 1165 0x80000006 0x002DB0 5 Summary Net Link States (Area 1)Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum0.0.0.0 2.2.2.2 265 0x80000002 0x0073C1 /完全末节区域不接收外部路由和区域间路由,只有区域内的路由和一条由ABR 向该区域注入的默认路由。配置OSPF NSSA区域(1)在R2/R3上配置NSSA区域R2(config)#router ospf 1R2(config-router)#area 1 nssaR3(config)#router ospf 1R3(config-router)#area 1 nssa/注入一条默认路由R3(config)#ip route 20.20.20.0 255.255.255.0 172.6.1.2R3(config-router)#router ospf 1R3(config-router)#redistribute static subnets /重发布到OSPF中查看数据链路状态数据库信息R3# show ip ospf database OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 1) Router Link States (Area 1)Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 125 0x80000011 0x00A794 23.3.3.3 3.3.3.3 501 0x80000012 0x00A225 5 Summary Net Link States (Area 1)Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum12.1.1.0 2.2.2.2 124 0x80000007 0x00B525 Type-7 AS External Link States (Area 1)Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Tag200.200.200.0 3.3.3.3 460 0x80000001 0x00046D 0/生成一个7类的LSA,它是由NSSA ASBR生成的,NSSA ASBR将其转换为5类LSA,后者在OSPF路由选择中传播R1# show ip ospf database OSPF Router with ID (1.1.1.1) (Process ID 1) Router Link States (Area 0)Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 355 0x80000009 0x00ED7F 22.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 739 0x8000000B 0x008CD8 2 Summary Net Link States (Area 0)Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum23.1.1.0 2.2.2.2 96 0x80000008 0x007E56172.16.1.0 2.2.2.2 712 0x80000001 0x0049EC172.16.2.0 2.2.2.2 712 0x80000001 0x003EF6172.16.3.0 2.2.2.2 712 0x80000001 0x003301 Type-5 AS External Link StatesLink ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Tag10.1.1.0 1.1.1.1 355 0x80000006 0x002665 010.1.2.0 1.1.1.1 355 0x80000006 0x001B6F 010.1.3.0 1.1.1.1 355 0x80000006 0x001079 0200.200.200.0 2.2.2.2 675 0x80000001 0x00B6C8 0