动词辨析初中学习教案.ppt

动词词义辨析题主要是考察在特定语境中常用动词动词词义辨析题主要是考察在特定语境中常用动词的基本意义的基本意义(yy)(yy)和用法常见近义词的细微差和用法常见近义词的细微差别及其习惯搭配等别及其习惯搭配等复习建议复习建议: :勤做笔记勤做笔记, , 勤记忆勤记忆勤收错题勤收错题, , 勤朗读勤朗读勤查字典勤查字典, , 勤积累勤积累第1页/共29页第一页，共30页。 1.speak say talk tell 2.see look read watch 3.spend, pay, cost, take 4.arrive, get, reach 5.borrow, lend, keep 6.bring, take, get, carry, fetch 7.dress, put on, wear, be in 8.have, there be 9.turn off , turn on, close, open 10.sleep, go to bed, go/get to sleep, fall asleep, be asleep 11.have/has been to,have/has gone to 12.take off, put off, keep off 13.used to do sth. be used to doing sth. 14.hope,wish 15.take care of,care for,take care 16.look for,find,find out第2页/共29页第二页，共30页。1. speak say talk tell speak “说话; 发言; 演讲”,不及物动词, 表示说话的能力方式(fngsh); 表示说 “某一种语言” Her daughter can speak now. He often speaks at the meeting. Can you speak English? say “说”, 及物动词,表示用具体的语言来表示思想感情(说确切的内容) Mrs. Yu said it was important to learn a foreign language.第3页/共29页第三页，共30页。talk “talk “谈话谈话; ; 交谈交谈(jiotn)”,(jiotn)”,不及不及物动词物动词, , 表示连续地说表示连续地说, , 常用短语常用短语: : talk with / to, “talk with / to, “和和谈话谈话”; ”; talk about / of, “talk about / of, “谈论谈论”My parents talk with me after My parents talk with me after supper every day.supper every day.Boys like talking about sports Boys like talking about sports stars.stars.第4页/共29页第四页，共30页。 tell “ tell “告诉告诉”, ”, 及物动词及物动词, , 常接双宾语常接双宾语: tell sb. sth. : tell sb. sth. ( tell sth. to sb.)( tell sth. to sb.)Bill is very funny and likes telling us something Bill is very funny and likes telling us something interesting.interesting. tell “ tell “叫叫; ; 让让”, ”, 常接动词不定式常接动词不定式, tell sb. to do sth., tell sb. to do sth.The teacher told her students not to talk in class.The teacher told her students not to talk in class. tell “ tell “区别区别; ; 区分区分”, ”, 及物动词及物动词Can you tell the differences between the twins?Can you tell the differences between the twins?相关相关(xinggun)(xinggun)短语短语: tell a lie “: tell a lie “说谎说谎” tell a story “ tell a story “讲故事讲故事” tell sb. about sth. “ tell sb. about sth. “告诉某人有关某事告诉某人有关某事” ” 第5页/共29页第五页，共30页。2.see look read watch see “看见”, 表示结果 I can see a picture on the wall. “看望; 探望” I go to see my grandparents once a week. “看(电影)” Could you please see a movie with me? look “看”, 不及物动词, 强调看的动作(dngzu), 跟宾语时须加介词at Look! The runners are running very fast. Students should look at the blackboard very carefully in class.第6页/共29页第六页，共30页。read “read “看看( (书刊书刊, , 杂志杂志, , 报纸报纸(bozh)(bozh)等等)”, )”, 表示阅读表示阅读Its a bad habit to read books in bed.Its a bad habit to read books in bed.watch “watch “观看观看; ; 了望了望” ” The gatekeeper watches the gate every The gatekeeper watches the gate every day. day. “看看( (比赛比赛; ; 电视电视)”, )”, 表示欣赏表示欣赏He always watches TV at home.He always watches TV at home.第7页/共29页第七页，共30页。3.spend, pay, cost, take spend “花费(时间或金钱)”, 主语是人,常用结构(jigu): sb. spend time / money on sth. I spent 50 yuan on the handbag. sb. spend time / money (in) doing sth. Jenny spends half an hour reading English every morning. pay “花费(金钱); 付款”, 主语是人, 常用结构(jigu): sb. pay money for sth. I paid 50 yuan for the handbag.第8页/共29页第八页，共30页。cost “cost “花费花费(hufi)(hufi)(时间或金钱时间或金钱); ); 值值( (多少钱多少钱)”, )”, 主语是物主语是物, ,常用结构常用结构: sth. cost sb. time / : sth. cost sb. time / moneymoneyThe handbag cost me 50 yuan.The handbag cost me 50 yuan. take “ take “花费花费(hufi)(hufi)(时间时间)”, )”, 主语主语是是it, it, 常用结构常用结构: It takes sb. some : It takes sb. some time to do sth. time to do sth. It took Jenny half an hour to read It took Jenny half an hour to read English every morning.English every morning.第9页/共29页第九页，共30页。4.arrive, get, reach arrive “到达”, 不及物动词, 可单独作谓语 By the time we arrived, the plane had already left. 后接介词(jic)at时, 跟小地点的名词 后接介词(jic)in时, 跟大地点的名词 How did the doctor arrive at the mountain village? When Jim arrived in Shanghai, it was raining heavily.第10页/共29页第十页，共30页。get “get “到达到达(dod)”, (dod)”, 不及物动词不及物动词, , 后后接介词接介词toto跟地点名词跟地点名词The boy usually gets to school by bus.The boy usually gets to school by bus. reach “ reach “到达到达(dod)”, (dod)”, 及物动词及物动词, , 直直接跟地点名词接跟地点名词He reached the classroom as soon as He reached the classroom as soon as possible.possible.但但, , 后接位置副词时后接位置副词时, , 三个词可互换三个词可互换Henry arrived / got / reached home / Henry arrived / got / reached home / here / there a moment ago. here / there a moment ago. 第11页/共29页第十一页，共30页。5.borrow, lend, keep borrow “借”, 为短暂性动词(dngc), 表示 “主语借入” 常用短语: borrow sth. from sb. I borrowed a pen from my good friend last Tuesday. May I borrow your dictionary?第12页/共29页第十二页，共30页。lend “lend “借借”, ”, 为短暂性动词为短暂性动词, , 表示表示 “ “主语借出主语借出” ” 常用短语常用短语(duny): lend sth. to sb.(duny): lend sth. to sb.I lent a pen to my good friend last Tuesday.I lent a pen to my good friend last Tuesday.Could you lend your dictionary to me?Could you lend your dictionary to me? keep “ keep “借借; ; 保存保存”, ”, 为持续性动词为持续性动词, , 表示表示 “ “长长时间的借时间的借”How long can I keep this book?How long can I keep this book?Mr Green has kept the bike for three days.Mr Green has kept the bike for three days.第13页/共29页第十三页，共30页。6.bring, take, get, carry, fetch bring “带来; 拿来”, 表示(biosh) “拿到说话者处” Dont forget to bring your homework to school, please. take “拿走; 带走”, 表示(biosh) “拿离说话者处” Would you mind taking the books to the classroom?第14页/共29页第十四页，共30页。get“get“拿拿; ; 带带”, ”, 表示表示 “ “带给某人带给某人(mu (mu rn)”, rn)”, 没有方向性没有方向性Could you go and get me some water?Could you go and get me some water? carry “ carry “扛扛; ; 搬搬”, ”, 表示表示 “ “用力移动用力移动”, ”, 没有方向性没有方向性The suitcase is too heavy to carry.The suitcase is too heavy to carry. fetch “ fetch “去取去取; ; 去拿去拿”, ”, 表示表示 “ “往返拿往返拿物物”Dont worry about the key. I can Dont worry about the key. I can fetch it for you. fetch it for you. 第15页/共29页第十五页，共30页。7.dress, put on, wear, be in dress “给人”穿衣”, 及物动词, 宾语是人 Mother was dressing her baby. 相关(xinggun)短语: dress oneself The child is old enough to dress himself. dress sb up “盛装打扮, 乔装打扮” The young woman dressed herself up and showed off at the party.第16页/共29页第十六页，共30页。put on “put on “穿上穿上; ; 戴上戴上”, ”, 强调动作强调动作John put on his coat and went out.John put on his coat and went out. wear “ wear “穿着穿着(chunzhu); (chunzhu); 戴着戴着”, ”, 强调状强调状态态Lucy is wearing shiny clothes today.Lucy is wearing shiny clothes today. be in “ be in “穿着穿着(chunzhu); (chunzhu); 戴着戴着”, ”, 表示表示状态状态, , 后可直接跟颜色的名词后可直接跟颜色的名词Is Jims mother in a red sweater? No, Is Jims mother in a red sweater? No, she is in blue today.she is in blue today.第17页/共29页第十七页，共30页。8.have, there be have “(所属)有”, 表示 “某人拥有某物” Every teacher has a computer in our school. there be “(存在(cnzi)有”, 表示 “在某地有某物” There are a lot of books in my study.第18页/共29页第十八页，共30页。9.turn off , turn on, close, open turn off “关掉” (煤气水龙头和电器(dinq)类东西) 区别: close “关掉”(门窗等物品) Be sure to turn off the lights before you leave. turn on “打开” (煤气水龙头和电器(dinq)类 区别: open “打开”(门窗等物品) Turn on the TV and lets watch it together.东西)第19页/共29页第十九页，共30页。 turn up“ turn up“调高调高; ; 开大开大” (” (煤气水龙头和电器煤气水龙头和电器(dinq)(dinq)类东西类东西) )I cant hear the radio, could you turn it up?I cant hear the radio, could you turn it up?turn down“turn down“调低调低; ; 关小关小” (” (煤气水龙头和电器煤气水龙头和电器(dinq)(dinq)类东类东西西) )The radio is too loud, turn it down, please.The radio is too loud, turn it down, please.第20页/共29页第二十页，共30页。10.sleep, go to bed, go/get to sleep, fall asleep, be asleep sleep 指 “睡觉”的动作过程,进行时表示 “正在睡觉” go to bed 指 “就寝” “上床睡觉”,与 “get up”相对应 go / get to sleep 指 “睡着” “入睡”, 强调结果 fall asleep “入睡”, 含有 “不想入睡而睡着了”或 “不知不觉(b zh b ju)地睡着了”的意思 be asleep 表 “睡着” “熟睡”, 指处于 “睡眠”状态第21页/共29页第二十一页，共30页。11.have/has been tohave/has gone to have / has been to 表示“去过”某地(mu d), 此人在此地 have / has gone to 表示 “去了,尚未回来”之意, 所指的人不在此地,主语一般为第三人称 - Where is John? - He has gone to Paris. - Really? I have been there before, its very beautiful.第22页/共29页第二十二页，共30页。12.take off, put off, keep off take off “脱掉; 起飞” He took off his raincoat as soon as he went into the room. put off “推迟; 拖延” Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today keep off “远离(yun l); 不接近” Keep off the fire, its dangerous.第23页/共29页第二十三页，共30页。13.used to do sth. be used to doing sth. used to do sth. used to do sth. 指指 “ “过去过去(guq)(guq)常常做某事常常做某事” be used to doing sth. be used to doing sth. 指指 “ “习惯于做某事习惯于做某事”第24页/共29页第二十四页，共30页。14. hope “14. hope “希望希望”, ”, 表示表示 “ “可以可以(ky)(ky)实现的希望实现的希望” 结构结构: hope to do sth : hope to do sth 或或sb hope +sb hope +宾语从句宾语从句 但无但无 hope sb to do sth hope sb to do sth 的结构的结构 wish “ wish “希望希望”, ”, 表示表示 “ “难以实现的希望难以实现的希望” 结构结构: wish to do sth: wish to do sth wish sb sth wish sb sth wish sb to do sth wish sb to do sth wish + wish +宾语从句宾语从句( (用虚拟语气用虚拟语气) )第25页/共29页第二十五页，共30页。15. take care of = look after 15. take care of = look after care for “ care for “关心关心; ; 爱护爱护(ih); (ih); 照顾照顾” take care “ take care “小心小心” ” 相当于相当于be carefulbe careful16. look for “16. look for “寻找寻找”, ”, 强调动作强调动作 find “ find “找到找到”, ”, 强调结果强调结果(ji gu)(ji gu) find out “ find out “弄清弄清; ; 查明查明; ; 找出找出”, ”, 表示经过一番努表示经过一番努力力第26页/共29页第二十六页，共30页。Homework: 整理(zhngl)今天复习的内容。第27页/共29页第二十七页，共30页。温州第九中学(zhngxu) 张晖2010-11-09第28页/共29页第二十八页，共30页。感谢您的观看(gunkn)！第29页/共29页第二十九页，共30页。NoImage内容(nirng)总结动词词义辨析题主要是考察在特定语境中常用动词的基本意义和用法常见近义词的细微差别及其习惯搭配等。动词词义辨析题主要是考察在特定语境中常用动词的基本意义和用法常见近义词的细微差别及其习惯搭配等。勤查字典, 勤积累。演讲”,不及物动词, 表示(biosh)说话的能力方式。付款”, 主语是人,。值(多少钱)”, 主语是物,。2010-11-09。感谢您的观看第三十页，共30页。