形容词形容词比较级和最高级.ppt

用于描绘人或事物的特征的词用于描绘人或事物的特征的词(Adjective)，一般放在所修饰的名，一般放在所修饰的名词之前词之前;若修饰不定代词若修饰不定代词,则需后置。则需后置。一、形容词的定义一、形容词的定义二、形容词的用法二、形容词的用法1)用作用作定语定语,修饰修饰名词或代词名词或代词:He lives a happy life.I have a good friend. 2)用作用作表语表语,放在放在动词动词be后后,也可以也可以 放在其他一些特殊的放在其他一些特殊的系动词系动词后面后面: The story is interesting. She looks young. 3)做做宾语补足语宾语补足语,对句子的宾语进对句子的宾语进行补充说明行补充说明We should keep our classroom clean.4)the+形容词形容词,表示一类人或表示一类人或事物事物,相当于名词相当于名词,用作主语及宾语用作主语及宾语The old often think of old things.老年人经常回想往事老年人经常回想往事.三、形容词的位置三、形容词的位置1.形容词一般形容词一般放在名词前放在名词前作定语作定语 单个形容词修饰名词时单个形容词修饰名词时,一般要放在一般要放在名词的前面名词的前面.它们的前面常常带有它们的前面常常带有冠词冠词,形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词,指示代词指示代词,数词数词等等.例如例如:a red flower一朵红花一朵红花this interesting story这个有趣的故事这个有趣的故事six blind men 六个盲人六个盲人my own house我自己的房子我自己的房子(1)当形容词所修饰的词是由当形容词所修饰的词是由some ,any ,Every ,no 等构成的不定代词时等构成的不定代词时,形容词形容词必须置于所修饰的词之后必须置于所修饰的词之后.I have nothing important to do today.今天我没有重要的事要做今天我没有重要的事要做.(2)形容词后面有介词短语或不定式短形容词后面有介词短语或不定式短语时语时,形容词必须置于名词之后形容词必须置于名词之后.It is a problem difficult to work out.这是一个难以解决的问题这是一个难以解决的问题.(3)有少数形容词有少数形容词,如如enough和和possible,既可置于所修饰的名词之前既可置于所修饰的名词之前,也可置于也可置于所修饰的名词之后所修饰的名词之后.Do you have enough time(time enough)to prepare 你有足够的时间做准备吗你有足够的时间做准备吗 2.两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时的排列顺序时的排列顺序:“县官行令宴国材县官行令宴国材”县县代表限定词代表限定词,包括冠词包括冠词,指示代词指示代词,形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词,名词所有格名词所有格,数词等数词等.官官代表表示观点的描绘性形容词代表表示观点的描绘性形容词,如如:fine,beautiful等等.行行代表表示大小代表表示大小,长短长短,高低及形状的形容词高低及形状的形容词,如如:tall, small, high,little,round等等.令令代表表示年龄代表表示年龄,新旧的形容词新旧的形容词,如如:old,young等等.宴宴代表表示颜色的形容词代表表示颜色的形容词,如如:white,black,yellow等等.国国代表表示国籍代表表示国籍,地区地区,出处的形容词出处的形容词(名词名词),如如:English,American,mountain等等.材材则代表形成中心名词的材料的形容词则代表形成中心名词的材料的形容词,如如:stone,wooden,silk,plastic等等.例如例如:1.a fine old stone bridge 一座古老漂亮的石桥一座古老漂亮的石桥2.two big round new Chinese wooden tables 两张新的中国式的木制大圆桌两张新的中国式的木制大圆桌 3.his large new black foreign car 他那辆新的大型黑色外国轿车他那辆新的大型黑色外国轿车四、形容词的比较等级四、形容词的比较等级构成构成原级原级比较级比较级最高最高级级单单音音节节和和少少数数双双音音节节单单词词一般词尾加一般词尾加-er, -esttall, long, taller, longer, tallest, longest, 以字母以字母e结尾的形容词或副结尾的形容词或副词词,直接加直接加-r,-stnice, fine, largenicer, finer, largernicest, finest, largest以重读闭音节结尾的形容词以重读闭音节结尾的形容词或副词或副词,如末尾只有一个辅音如末尾只有一个辅音字母字母,双写该字母双写该字母,再加再加-er,-estbig, hot, red, thinbigger, hotter, redder, thinnerbiggest, hottest, reddest, thinnest以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾的形结尾的形容词或副词，把容词或副词，把y变为变为i，再，再加加-er,-estbusy, early, easybusier, earlier, easierbusiest, earliest, easiest不规则变化的形容词和副词不规则变化的形容词和副词:good/well better best bad/badly/ill worse worstmany/much more most little less leastold older/elder oldest/eldest far farther/further farthest/furthest部分部分双音节与多音节双音节与多音节的词加的词加more, most构成比较级和最高级构成比较级和最高级: more beautiful, the most beautiful五、形容词的比较等级五、形容词的比较等级 (1) as + adj./adv.原级原级as 和和一样一样我和你一样大。我和你一样大。I am _ you.他跑得不及我快。他跑得不及我快。He _ run _ I.as old asdoesntas/so fast asas+adj.+ a/an+可数名词单数可数名词单数 +asas much+不可数名词不可数名词+as，as many+可数名词复数可数名词复数as 和和一样多的某物一样多的某物He is as good an example as his brother.Bob read as _ books as Mary.There is as _ water in this bottle as in that bottle.manymuch(2)当当as as中间有中间有名词名词时时,采用以下格式采用以下格式A+谓语谓语+ adj./adv.的比较级的比较级than B A在某方面超过在某方面超过B我比汤姆要高。我比汤姆要高。I am _ Tom (is).你看起来比以前年轻。你看起来比以前年轻。You look _ before.(3)比较级的结构比较级的结构taller thanyounger than形容词和副词的比较级的变化不能混淆！形容词和副词的比较级的变化不能混淆！1.以以-er结尾和特殊变化结尾和特殊变化的形容词副词比的形容词副词比较级前面较级前面不能加不能加more2. as as 之间必须用形容词和副词之间必须用形容词和副词原级原级He is more taller than I. (T or F)I can write more better than he. (T or F)I runs as faster as she. (T or F) fast1.比较级前可用比较级前可用much, far, a lot, a little, even等等表示程度表示程度,不能使用不能使用very，quite.She sings _ better than the others. 她比别人要唱得好得多。她比别人要唱得好得多。Now I read _ faster than before. 我现在读得比以前要快一点。我现在读得比以前要快一点。2.比较的对象要一致，一般说来同等的比较的对象要一致，一般说来同等的两个事物才能比较两个事物才能比较.The weather of Beijing is colder than Shanghai. (T or F)that ofHis English is better than anyone else in his class. (T or F)elses3.表示不同程度比较时，句子主语表示不同程度比较时，句子主语。He studies harder than any student in his class. (T or F)otherHe studies harder than all the students in his class. (T or F)otherHe studies harder than anyone in his class. (T or F)elseThe moon is closer to us than _ star / stars. (any, any other)anyChina is larger than _ countries in Africa. (any, any other)anyChina is larger than _ countries in Asia. (the, the other)the other4.在比较级中，用在比较级中，用that代替上述出现过的代替上述出现过的不可数名词不可数名词，用，用those代替上述出现过的代替上述出现过的复数名词。复数名词。 The water in the glass is cleaner than _ in the river. 杯子里的水比河里的要干净。杯子里的水比河里的要干净。I like these pictures better than _ on the wall. 和墙上的画相比，我更喜欢这些。和墙上的画相比，我更喜欢这些。thatthose2) the +比较级，比较级，the比较级比较级 越越就越就越你越粗心，犯的错误就越多。你越粗心，犯的错误就越多。The _ you are, the _ mistakes you will make.more carelessmore1) 比较级比较级+and+比较级比较级 越来越越来越当形容词或副词为当形容词或副词为多音节多音节时，必须用时，必须用more and more + 原级原级The population is growing _.越来越快越来越快 faster and fasterThe city has become (越来越漂亮越来越漂亮)_.more and more beautiful2.比较级的特殊用法比较级的特殊用法3) the + 比较级比较级 + of the two 两者中较两者中较的一个的一个He is _ (old) of the two boys. And she is _ (tall) of the three.the olderthe tallest4) less +(多音节词多音节词)原级原级+ than = not as/so+原级原级as 不及不及Jim doesnt do it as carefully as Mary.Jim does _ than Mary.Mary does _ than Jim.less carefullymore carefully5) 表示表示“大大3岁岁”，“长长2米米”时，要用时，要用He is _ than I.他比我大三岁。他比我大三岁。three years olderThe bridge is _ than that one. 这条桥比那条长两米。这条桥比那条长两米。two meters longer6) 比较比较A、B两事物两事物, 询问哪一个较询问哪一个较时：时：Which / Who is + 比较级比较级？Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one? Who is more active, Mary or Kate?3.形容词的最高级形容词的最高级Mary is the tallest girl _ her class / _ the three.Bill reads most clearly _ all the students.2) one of the + 形容词最高级形容词最高级+名词名词复数复数 表示表示“最最之一之一”他是班里最高的学生之一他是班里最高的学生之一.He is _ in the class.one of the tallest students这本书最有趣。这本书最有趣。The book is _ of all.在班上她最早到校。在班上她最早到校。She comes to school _ in the class.the most interestingearliest3) the +序数词序数词+ 形容词最高级形容词最高级+名词名词 第第最最它是世界上第二高的建筑物它是世界上第二高的建筑物.It is _ building in the world.the second tallest4) 比较比较A、B、C三事物三事物, 询问哪一个最询问哪一个最时：时：Which / Who is + 最高级最高级？Which T-shirt is the nicest, the white one, the green one or the yellow one? Who is the most active, Mary, Alice or Kate?4. 原级、比较级、最高级互换原级、比较级、最高级互换1) 倍数倍数as as = 倍数比较级倍数比较级than这本书比那本厚这本书比那本厚2倍。倍。This book is _ as that one.The book is _ than that one.three times as thicktwice thicker Im twelve. My friend is ten.Im _ than my friend.My friend is _ than I am.Im not _ _ as my friend.My friend is not _ _ as I /me.olderyoungerso/as youngso oldUnit 1 is easy. Unit 6 is difficult.Unit 1 is not _ _ as Unit 6.Unit 1 is _ _ as Unit 6.Unit 6 is _ _ than Unit 1.Unit 6 is not _ _ as Unit 1.so difficultless difficultmore difficult so easyBill is the tallest in our class.Bill is _ than _ _ student in our class.Shanghai is larger than any othercity in China.Shanghai is _ _ _ in China.taller any other the largest city1.long 2.large3.hot4.easy5.good 6.happy7.big8.slowly longer longest larger largest hotter hottest easier easiest better best happier happiest bigger biggest more slowly most slowly写出下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级写出下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级9. important10. bad11. well12. useful13. few14. hard15. much more important most important worse worst better bestmore useful most useful fewer fewest harder hardest more most用括号内形容词和副词的适当形式填空用括号内形容词和副词的适当形式填空1.Jack isnt so _ (clever) as John.2.Tom works as _ (hard) as Mary.3.China is _ (large) country in Asia.4.Its _ (hot) today than yesterday.5.This park looks much _ (good) than that one.cleaver hard the largest hotter better6. I cant run as fast as you. You run _ (fast) than I.7. Of all the girls she draws _ (well).8. English is one of _ (interesting) subjects.9. This student is _ (careful) than any other student.10. Which is _ (easy), English, Chinese or maths? faster (the) best the most interesting more careful the easiest改错改错: :1. His computer is cheaper than I.1. His computer is cheaper than I.2. Bill is taller than any boy in his 2. Bill is taller than any boy in his class.class.3. Mary sings better than any other 3. Mary sings better than any other boy in her class.boy in her class.4. Jim is very older than his sister.4. Jim is very older than his sister.I mineany boy any other boyany boyany other boyverymuch5. Li Ling is the youngest of our class.5. Li Ling is the youngest of our class.6. It is the most useful book.6. It is the most useful book.7. Li Fen draws better of the two girls.7. Li Fen draws better of the two girls.8. He is the tallest in the three boys.8. He is the tallest in the three boys. ina the better of9. Its more bigger than a chicken.9. Its more bigger than a chicken.10. He is younger of the two.10. He is younger of the two.11. My classroom is bigger than you.11. My classroom is bigger than you.12. The girl is very taller.12. The girl is very taller.much the youngeryourstall13. Mr. Green is my the best teacher.13. Mr. Green is my the best teacher.14. Jim is one of the tallest boy in our 14. Jim is one of the tallest boy in our class.class.15. John runs is the fastest of all.15. John runs is the fastest of all.16. My father is get up earlier than 16. My father is get up earlier than my mother.my mother. 去掉去掉 theboys去掉去掉is改为：改为：gets