通悟语法系列9名词性从句.ppt

第9讲名词性从句考点考点1从属连词从属连词【考题小练【考题小练】1. The reason for his absence was _ he was ill in hospital. that2. We are delighted at the news _ we are going to spend our summer vacation in Hainan. 3. _ the sports meeting will be held on time depends on the weather. thatWhether【考点精讲【考点精讲】1. that(1)that在名词性从句中不作任何成分在名词性从句中不作任何成分, 引导宾语从句引导宾语从句时有时可以省略时有时可以省略, 引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时不能省略。从句时不能省略。 (2)that引导宾语从句四种不能省略的情况引导宾语从句四种不能省略的情况: that从句作介词的宾语时从句作介词的宾语时*I dont know exactly where he lives, except that its somewhere out in the wilds. 动词后跟有多个动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时引导的宾语从句时, 只有第一只有第一个个that可以省略可以省略, 从第二个从句开始从第二个从句开始that不可省略。不可省略。*I believe (that)youve done your best and that things will get better. 宾语从句前有插入语时宾语从句前有插入语时*He announced, believe it or not, that he would never forgive her. it作形式宾语时作形式宾语时, 引导宾语的引导宾语的that不可省略。不可省略。*We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday. (3)that引导主语从句时引导主语从句时, 常用常用it作形式主语的常见句作形式主语的常见句型有型有: It +be+形容词形容词(necessary/ right/ likely/ unlikely/ wrong/ important/ certain等等) +that从句从句*It isnt likely that I should accept such an offer as that. It +be+名词名词(短语短语)(a pity/a shame/a surprise/no wonder等等)+that从句从句*Its no wonder that he didnt want to go. It +be+过去分词过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等等)+that从句从句*It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday. It+特殊动词特殊动词(seems/appears/happens/matters/turns out/occurs to/makes no difference等等)+that从句从句*It suddenly occurred to her that Joe was afraid of being alone. 【点津【点津】在以下主语从句中在以下主语从句中, 常使用虚拟语气常使用虚拟语气, 即谓语即谓语动词用动词用“should+动词原形动词原形”形式形式, 其中的其中的should可以可以省省略。略。It is necessary/strange/important/natural etc. +that. . . It is a pity that. . . It is suggested/requested/required/proposed/desired etc. +that. . . *Its necessary that we students (should) learn English well. (4)it作形式宾语的宾语从句作形式宾语的宾语从句: 动词动词find, feel, think, consider, make, believe等后等后面有宾语补足语时面有宾语补足语时, 需用需用it作形式宾语而将作形式宾语而将that引导的引导的宾语从句后置。宾语从句后置。*Our school has made it a rule that every student shall wear uniform(s) at school. *I think it necessary that we drink plenty of boiled water every day. 一些动词短语一些动词短语see to, depend on, rely on等常用等常用it作作形式宾语形式宾语, 而将宾语从句后置。而将宾语从句后置。*You will see to it that your methods are ideal. 2. whether与与if引导的名词性从句引导的名词性从句(1)引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时一般用引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时一般用whether, 不用不用if。*Whether the plan is practical remains to be proved. *The point is whether we should lend him the money. (2)whether与与if引导宾语从句时大多数情况下可以互引导宾语从句时大多数情况下可以互换换, 但下列情况下宜用但下列情况下宜用whether: 后面直接跟后面直接跟or not时用时用whether*I dont know whether or not the report is true. 用于介词后引导宾语从句时用用于介词后引导宾语从句时用whether*It depends on whether we have enough time. 【题组训练【题组训练】1. Eyeing him up and down, I thought to myself, “There is a very good chance _ he may rob me. ”2. Emma Wallace from the University of York told the Daily Mail that the fast-paced rhythm may have been _ turned the chimps off. 世纪金榜导学号世纪金榜导学号thatwhat3. _ makes parkour different from other sports is its power to bring people together. What考点考点2连接代词连接代词【考题小练【考题小练】1. _ he wants to tell us is not clear. 2. _ of you gets there first will get the prize. WhatWhichever3. When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for _ his family might need, he burst into tears. 4. _ find a fire shall call the police without delay. whateverWhoever【考点精讲【考点精讲】1. 连接代词连接代词what的用法的用法what可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句, 在从句在从句中作主语、表语、宾语或宾语补足语等。它引导名词中作主语、表语、宾语或宾语补足语等。它引导名词性从句时有两个意思性从句时有两个意思: 一是表示一是表示“什么什么”, 带有疑问带有疑问意意味味; 二是表示二是表示“所所的的”, 相当于一个先行词后相当于一个先行词后接接一个关系代词。一个关系代词。*What you have to do is to put the glass down, rest for a while before holding it up again. 2. whoever, whatever, whichever与与who, what, which的区别的区别whoever意为意为“无论谁无论谁”, 相当于相当于anyone who, 可可引导名词性从句或让步状语从句引导名词性从句或让步状语从句, 在名词在名词性从句中作主语或宾语性从句中作主语或宾语, 无疑问的意思无疑问的意思who可引导名词性从句可引导名词性从句, 在句中作主语或宾语在句中作主语或宾语, 意为意为“谁谁”, 有疑问的意思有疑问的意思whatever意为意为“任何任何(事物事物), 无论什么东西无论什么东西”, 相当相当于于anything that, 可引导名词性从句或让可引导名词性从句或让步状语从句步状语从句, 在名词性从句中作主语、宾在名词性从句中作主语、宾语或定语语或定语, 表示无范围的选择表示无范围的选择what可引导名词性从句可引导名词性从句, 在从句中作主语、宾在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语语、表语或定语, 表示无范围的选择表示无范围的选择whichever意为意为“无论哪个、哪些无论哪个、哪些”, 可引导名词性可引导名词性从句或让步状语从句从句或让步状语从句, 表示有范围的选择表示有范围的选择which可引导名词性从句可引导名词性从句, 意为意为“哪一个哪一个”, 在在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语, 表表示有范围的选择示有范围的选择【题组训练【题组训练】1. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. 2. (2019濮阳模拟濮阳模拟) _ he witnessed in China aroused much interest among his countrymen. whoeverWhat3. _ you choose to wear should be clean. 4. _ will come to help with my English hasnt been decided. 世纪金榜导学号世纪金榜导学号WhateverWho考点考点3连接副词连接副词【考题小练【考题小练】1. The old man smiled when he saw_ pretty his daughter had grown up to be during the past few years. how2. What she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. 3. Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it. whywhere【考点精讲【考点精讲】引导名词性从句的连接副词有引导名词性从句的连接副词有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever等等, 它们均在从句中作状它们均在从句中作状语。语。*This is why he caught a cold yesterday. (原因状语原因状语)这就是他昨天感冒的原因。这就是他昨天感冒的原因。*I have no idea when she will be back. (时间状语时间状语)我不知道她何时回来。我不知道她何时回来。*Ive been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting. (方式状语方式状语)我一直在考虑我们如何能使报纸更有趣。我一直在考虑我们如何能使报纸更有趣。【题组训练【题组训练】1. You cant imagine _ excited they were when they received these nice Christmas presents. 2. We havent yet settled the question _ we are going to spend our summer vacation this year. 3. I have no idea _ I can get to the railway station. howwherehow【高考呈现【高考呈现】 1. (2018全国卷全国卷II) While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many childrens lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading. 【难句分析【难句分析】 分析分析: 这是一个主从复合句。这是一个主从复合句。While引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句, 主句的主语是主句的主语是some data, 其后接介词短语作定语其后接介词短语作定语, 主句主句的谓语部分是由的谓语部分是由and连接的两个并列谓语连接的两个并列谓语, 其中其中shows后接后接that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句, indicates后接后接how引导的宾引导的宾语从句。语从句。翻译翻译: 虽然过去十年的青少年的阅读量下降是很急剧虽然过去十年的青少年的阅读量下降是很急剧的的, 但报告中的一些数据表明阅读仍然是许多孩子生但报告中的一些数据表明阅读仍然是许多孩子生活中的一个重要组成部分活中的一个重要组成部分, 并表明父母可以如何帮助并表明父母可以如何帮助鼓励孩子们更多地阅读。鼓励孩子们更多地阅读。 2. (2018北京高考北京高考) When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. 分析分析: 句中句中running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic为宾为宾语从句语从句, 从句中从句中whether or not I was athletic为宾语从为宾语从句句, 作介词作介词about的宾语。的宾语。翻译翻译: 当我三十多岁开始跑步时当我三十多岁开始跑步时, 我意识到跑步是一场我意识到跑步是一场与自己较量的战斗与自己较量的战斗, 与比赛无关与比赛无关, 也与我是否是运动型也与我是否是运动型的人无关。的人无关。 . 语法填空解题技法语法填空解题技法【高考试水区【高考试水区】1. (2018全国卷全国卷) Im not sure _ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. who2. (2018江苏高考江苏高考) It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. 世纪金榜导世纪金榜导学号学号3. (2018江苏高考江苏高考) By boat is the only way to get here, which is _ we arrived. whateverhow【微技能点拨【微技能点拨】名词性从句解题两步法名词性从句解题两步法第第1步判断是否属于名词性从句步判断是否属于名词性从句第第2步判断名词性从句中的连接词步判断名词性从句中的连接词若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语, 用连接代词用连接代词; 若缺若缺少状语就用连接副词少状语就用连接副词; 如果不缺少成分则要考虑意思如果不缺少成分则要考虑意思是否完整是否完整, 是否需要用是否需要用whether/if; 如果不缺少成分且如果不缺少成分且意思完整用意思完整用that。 . 短文改错解题技法短文改错解题技法【高考试水区【高考试水区】1. (2016全国卷全国卷)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. ( )2. (2015全国卷全国卷)After looking at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. 世纪金榜导学号世纪金榜导学号( )thatwherewherethat或者或者去掉去掉where【微技能点拨【微技能点拨】 名词性从句解题五检查名词性从句解题五检查1. 检查连接词是否误用检查连接词是否误用: 尤其注意容易混淆的尤其注意容易混淆的that与与what、that与与which、which与与what、if与与whether; 2. 检查连接词是否漏掉检查连接词是否漏掉; 3. 检查宾语从句与主句的时态呼应是否正确检查宾语从句与主句的时态呼应是否正确; 4. 检查主语从句与谓语动词的数是否一致检查主语从句与谓语动词的数是否一致; 5. 检查主语从句后置时形式主语检查主语从句后置时形式主语it是否出现。是否出现。