被动语态教学课件.ppt
当句子的当句子的主语主语是动作的是动作的执行者执行者时，谓语的形式是时，谓语的形式是主动语态主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的当句子的主语是动作的承受者承受者时，谓语要用时，谓语要用被动语态被动语态。被动语态由助动词被动语态由助动词be+过去分词过去分词构成，时态通过构成，时态通过be表现出来。表现出来。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：英语中有两种语态：主动语态主动语态和和被动语态被动语态。例如：例如：Many people speak Chinese.谓语谓语speak的动作是由主语的动作是由主语many people来执行的。来执行的。例如：例如：Chinese is spoken by many people.主语主语English是动词是动词speak的承受者。的承受者。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。His brother washes bowls every day.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)Bowls are washed by his brother every day.1.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.2. They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.一般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词过去分词3.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.一般将来时：一般将来时：S+ +am/ is/ are going to be+过去分词过去分词Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.4Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night.We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：情态动词：情态动词：一般将来时：一般将来时：现在进行时：现在进行时：现在完成时：现在完成时：过去进行时：过去进行时：过去完成时：过去完成时：S+am/is /are +doneS+was/were +doneS+ can/may/must/should + be+ doneS+ will+be+ doneS+ am/is/are + being + doneS+ have/has + been+ doneS+ was/were+being+ donehad been + done由上表中我们可以看出，不管是由上表中我们可以看出，不管是何种时态的被动语态，何种时态的被动语态，bebe是不可是不可不用的。不用的。give, lend, offer, askgive, lend, offer, ask等需要两个连带成分，等需要两个连带成分，一个指人，另一个指事物，一个指人，另一个指事物，如：如：Mother gave me a tie as my birthday Mother gave me a tie as my birthday present. present. 被动态既可以用被动态既可以用“人人”作为述说对象，也可以以作为述说对象，也可以以“物物”作为述说对象：作为述说对象：A: I was given a tie by my mother as my A: I was given a tie by my mother as my birthday present.birthday present.B: A tie was given (to) me as my birthday B: A tie was given (to) me as my birthday present.present.这样的句子多用这样的句子多用“人人”作为述说对象。作为述说对象。 几种特殊结构几种特殊结构1.My uncle gave me a gift on my birthday 2.We often hear him play the guitarI was given a gift on my birthdayA gift was given to me on my birthday.He is often heard to play the guitar注意：若使役动词注意：若使役动词make, have, let等或感官动词宾等或感官动词宾语补足语是不带语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加该不定式前要加to。如。如: feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch主动语态如何改成被动语态？主动语态如何改成被动语态？1. 主动语态的宾语改成被动语态的主语。主动语态的宾语改成被动语态的主语。2. 主动语态的谓语动词改成被动语态的谓主动语态的谓语动词改成被动语态的谓语动词。语动词。do3. 注意保持时态和人称的一致注意保持时态和人称的一致。 4. 带双宾的谓语动词有两种改法。当把直接宾语改成带双宾的谓语动词有两种改法。当把直接宾语改成主语时，谓语动词后必须加适当的介词主语时，谓语动词后必须加适当的介词: to，for.如：如：givebe given to 此类动词还有：此类动词还有： pass show send 再如：再如： buybe bought for 此类动词还有：此类动词还有： make draw cook mend5. 一些动词不定式在主动语态中省略一些动词不定式在主动语态中省略to作宾作宾语补足语，改成被动语态时，语补足语，改成被动语态时，to必须还原必须还原。be done
