unit1第五课时.ppt
The fifth period Grammar : 主谓一致主谓一致【学习目标】：【学习目标】： 1.理解什么是主谓一致及它的常理解什么是主谓一致及它的常见形式。见形式。2. 学会运用主谓一致来做题。学会运用主谓一致来做题。【第一次自学指导】: 请同学们阅读三维设计P 14 ，认真学习主谓一致的用法，10分钟后学生们试着归纳总结。一并列主语时的主谓一致 规则一 下列结构中谓语动词用单数形式 (1) 如果指的是同一个人用单数。例如： My colleague and good friend is coming to the party. The singer and dancer has left here.(2) 如果指的是同一个物用单数。例如： A cart and horse is near.【第一次自学检测】:(3) 某些由and 连接而成的习语。这类习语有:trial and error( 反复试验) ，truth and honesty ( 真诚) ，law and order ( 法制) ，knife and fork( 一套刀叉) ，fire and flame ( 战火) 等。例如： Bread and butter is my usual breakfast (4) 主语是and 连接的两个单数名词，前面有each ，every ，no ，many a 等修饰。例如： Each boy and each girl gets a gift from the headmaster No student and no teacher is admitted. 规则二 下列结构中谓语动词通常用复数形式 由both and 连接的两个名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。例如： Both the president and the secretary have agreed to attend the party.规则三 并列主语的就近一致问题 （1 ）由连词or , eitheror., neithernor., not onlybut also . 等连接的两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词形式要与邻近的主语相一致。例如： Either you or I am going to attend the meeting. One or two girls are to be chosen for this role-play. （2） “There be”结构中，be的形式取决于主语的单复数；但是当主语为并列结构主语为并列结构时，be动词的单复数形式取决于靠近动词的名词(Here结构与之相同)。例如： There is a pen and a few books on the desk. Here are some suggestions and an instruction book for you.注意：有时该结构不是用动词be，而是用了表示状态的其他动词，如：exit，stand，remain等。二 代词作主语时的主谓一致 规则一 由合成代词every / any / some/no + thing/body/one作主语，由either, neither, each , each of, the other, another做主语，以及由限定词either, neither, each, every, many a, more than one等等+名词作主语时名词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数单数。例如： Neither of your parents has come to our university. Nothing is to be done. Each of the students is required to attend the opening ceremony.规则二 (some, all,more,most)+of 后接可数名词复数词时，谓语动词用复数；后接不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数。例如： Some of the students have visited the Great Wall. Most of the food at the party tastes good.规则三 none 和any 做主语时，谓语动词要和其所指的名词一致，如果是可数名词往往用复数谓语配合。例如： -He has eaten many apples. -Are there any left for me? None of the money is mine.规则四 不定代词all 作主语时，如果指抽象整体的概念，谓语动词用单数；如果指的是人时，谓语动词用复数。例如： All that glitters is not gold. All but Xiao Ming have gone to the zoo.三其它情况下的主谓一致 规则一 用单数的情况 。例如： 单个从句作主语，谓语动词用单数； When and where he will go is not known. 但是，如果是多个从句作主语，谓语动词要用复数。 What caused the accident and who was responsible for it remain a mystery to us.规则二 what短语作主语时，一般要用单数谓语动词；如果从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式时(所指的具体内容为复数），则要用复数谓语动词；what短语并列作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。例如： What to do next has not been announced. What we need are high-quality goods. What I think and what I seek have been reflected in my paper.规则三 非谓语动词做主语例如： To listen to classical music is what I enjoy most. Swimming in the summer gives us much pleasure. To travel and to write a novel are my ambitions.【当堂训练】:1. Neither Tom nor Jack and I _ his students. A. are B. am C. is D. was2.Neither my father nor I _ at home. A. am B. is C. are D. be3. Not only my brother but also I _ good at painting. Both of us _ good painters., A. are; are B. am; am C. am; are D. is; is4.The great writer and professor_. A. is an old man B. are both old men C. is an old man and a young man D. were two ChineseA A CA 5. There _ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk. A. are B. is C. has D. have6.When and where to build the new factory _ yet. A. has not decided B. is not decided C. are not decided D. have not decided7.Both rice and wheat _ grown in that country. A. is B. are C. was D. has8.Either he or I _ to attend the mass meeting this evening. A. is B. amC. are D. be9.Here _ a pen, a few pencils and some paper for you. A. areB. is C. was D. wereB B B B B
