高中英语 语法--定语从句全掌握课件 新人教版必修1.ppt
定语从句定语从句1. She looked at Jeff who waved his arms.2. The story that you read is “The Rescue”. 1. When talking about people, we use who, whom, whose, that; 2. When talking about things, we use which, that.Tips I like the man who is thinking now. The teacher whom I love very much is Ms. Wang. The girl who is raising her hand is my sister. He is the policeman who told me the way yesterday.This is a truck which is made in China.A quilt is something that can keep you warm when you sleep.The jar which I put some sugar in is brown.The piano is instrument that is loved by many people. A tanker is a machine which is very powerful in a war. I lost the glasses that/which I bought in Beijing.Summarize 引导定语从句的关系代词有：引导定语从句的关系代词有：that ,who ,whom ,whose ,which , as等。关系代词等。关系代词在定语从句中有三个作用：在定语从句中有三个作用： 1. 引导一个定语从句；引导一个定语从句； 2.在从句中代替先行词；在从句中代替先行词； 3.在从句中担任某一句子成份。在从句中担任某一句子成份。1先行词是人时的三种情况：先行词是人时的三种情况：1）先行词是人）先行词是人, 从句中缺少主语时从句中缺少主语时, 用用who或或that作从句的主语。作从句的主语。 I have a friend who/that likes listening to classic music. 我有一个朋友喜欢听古典音乐。我有一个朋友喜欢听古典音乐。关系代词的用法关系代词的用法关系代词在从句中可以：关系代词在从句中可以：指人指人指物指物subject (主语主语)object (宾语宾语)attribute（定语）（定语）whomwhowhichthatwhose何时可以省略？何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略做宾语时可以省略注：注： 当先行词是当先行词是one, ones, anybody, anyone, all, none, those 等等, 指人时一般用指人时一般用who，不用不用that. Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school. 想去看电影的人必须在校门口等。想去看电影的人必须在校门口等。 Notes: 在以疑问词在以疑问词who开头的句子中开头的句子中, 或关系代或关系代词在从句中作表语时词在从句中作表语时, 用用that, 不用不用who。 Who is the man that is shouting there? 正在那边叫喊的那个人是谁？正在那边叫喊的那个人是谁？ She is not the girl that she used to be. 她已经不是过去的她了。她已经不是过去的她了。 2）先行词是人，从句中缺动词宾语或介）先行词是人，从句中缺动词宾语或介词宾语时，用词宾语时，用whom或或that（介词后不用（介词后不用that）。）。 The teacher wants to return the book to the girl from whom he borrowed it. 这位老师想把从这个女孩那儿借的书还这位老师想把从这个女孩那儿借的书还给她。给她。 He is the student (whom, who ,that) you want to see. 他就是你想见的那位学生。他就是你想见的那位学生。 注：关系代词注：关系代词that, which ,whom 在从句在从句中作宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面中作宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则不可省略。如上面第一句时则不可省略。如上面第一句from后面后面的的whom就不能省略。就不能省略。 3)先行词是人，从句中缺少定语时，用先行词是人，从句中缺少定语时，用 whose。 Do you know the boy whose parents are on holiday?2. 先行词是物时的四种情况：先行词是物时的四种情况： 1）先行词是物）先行词是物, 从句中缺少主语时从句中缺少主语时, 用用 that, which。 Youd better not drink water which /that has not been boiled. 你最好不要喝没开的水。你最好不要喝没开的水。 2）先行词是物）先行词是物, 从句中缺少动词宾语从句中缺少动词宾语或介词宾语时或介词宾语时, 用用which或或 that。注意。注意介词后不用介词后不用that。 This is the house in which once Lu Xun lived . This is the house (which/that) once Lu Xun lived in. 这就是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。这就是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。 3）先行词是物，且从句中缺少定语时）先行词是物，且从句中缺少定语时，用，用whose或或the+名词名词+of which 的结构的结构。 We study in the classroom whose door /the door of which faces south. 我们在那个门朝南开的教室里学习我们在那个门朝南开的教室里学习。3.下列情况下下列情况下, 只用只用that, 不用不用which引导引导定语从句。定语从句。 1）先行词是不定代词）先行词是不定代词, 如如all, little, few, much, anything, everything, nothing, none, no one, some 等。等。 Is there anything that you want? 2）先行词被）先行词被all, every, no, some, little, few, much, one of , the only, the very, the right, 等所修饰时。等所修饰时。 The only thing that he remembered was her name. 他唯一记得的东西是她的名字。他唯一记得的东西是她的名字。 3）先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级）先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级 修饰时。修饰时。 This is the first film that Ive seen since I came here. 这是我来到这里以来看的第一部电影这是我来到这里以来看的第一部电影剧院。剧院。 4）先行词中既有人又有物时。）先行词中既有人又有物时。 They talked about the teachers and the things（that） they remembered in the school. 他们谈论了他们所记得的学校里的老师他们谈论了他们所记得的学校里的老师和一些事情。和一些事情。 4. 关系代词关系代词as引导的限制性定语从句引导的限制性定语从句, as用作关系代词用作关系代词, 既可指人既可指人, 也可指物也可指物。在定语从句中可做主语。在定语从句中可做主语, 宾语和表语宾语和表语。它常用在。它常用在the sameas, suchas, asas, soas 句型中，句型中，as不可省略。不可省略。 Such girls as he knew were teachers. 他认识的女孩都是老师。他认识的女孩都是老师。I will buy the same bike as yours. 我要买和你一样的自行车。我要买和你一样的自行车。若与若与the same(指同一物指同一物)连用连用, 构成构成the same.that.结构时结构时, 关系代词只能用关系代词只能用that。 This is the same museum that you once visited. 这就是你曾经参观过的那个博物馆。这就是你曾经参观过的那个博物馆。as引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句 ,修饰修饰整个句子，相当于主句的一个插入整个句子，相当于主句的一个插入语，句中常有语，句中常有expect、 see 、 think 、 hope 、 wish 、 know 、 guess等词，等词，“正如正如之意之意” eg:1.As is expected, the England team won the football match. 2.The earth runs around the sun, as is known by everyone.as引导的定语从句可以前置，而which不行。which引导的从句与主句之间近似并列关系,“而这，而该事”。1.Jack came late for school,which made his headmaster angry.2.She changed her mind again, which made us all angry.way后面的定语从句，引导定语从句有三种情况：a.在比较正式的文体中用in which；b.一般情况下用that；c. in which和that省去。 I was struck by the beauty of the way in which she stood.b. Lincoln asked the people to think of slavery in the way that these men did.c. The assistant who served her did not Like the way she was dressed.Game1. A bookworm is . .2. A couch potato is . .3. A sports fan is . .4. A workaholic is . .a person who likesreading very mucha person who spendsa lot of time watching TVa person who loves toplay or watch sportsa person who oftenworks hard1. I met the lady in the park _ showed us how to make a cake .1. I met the lady in the park _ showed us how to make a cake . A. which B. who C. where D. whom A. which B. who C. where D. whom 2. This is the house _ he lived when he was a child .2. This is the house _ he lived when he was a child . A. which B. that C. in where D. in which A. which B. that C. in where D. in which 3. The watches which _ repaired last week have not been sent 3. The watches which _ repaired last week have not been sent back .back . A. was B. is C. were D. are A. was B. is C. were D. are 4. The baby _ she is _ is my little brother .4. The baby _ she is _ is my little brother . A. whom , looking B. A. whom , looking B. who , takingwho , taking care care C. after whom , looking D. whom , looking after C. after whom , looking D. whom , looking after 5. The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief .5. The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief . A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom6. This is the only bus _ goes to the village .6. This is the only bus _ goes to the village . A. that B. which C. where D. who A. that B. which C. where D. whoChoose the best answer to fill in the blanks : Choose the best answer to fill in the blanks : 1.I shall never forget the years_ I lived in the countryside with the farmers,_ has A great effect on my life. that which B.when which C.which that D.when who2.In the office I never seem to have time Until after 5:30 pm, _ many people have Gone home.A.whose time B.that C.on which D.by which time3._is known to all, China will be an _and powerful country in 20 or 30yearstime.A.That advancing B.This advancedC.As advanced D.It advancing5.I dont like the same movie_you saw yesterday. A.that B.as C.which D./6._we all know, Mr Wang is the Most promising one to be a writer.A.Which B.What C.It D.As6.It was already 12:30_ we finishedOur work yesterday.A.that B.when C.in which D.at which7.Was it at the cinema _ you lost yourwatch?A.that B.where C.in which D.at which8.He made such a mistake _ I did inthe math exam. A.that B.as C.where D./9.This is my car, _ is wrong. Can youhelp me to get it started? Whose tires B.of which the engineC.its engine D.and some of which10.This is the only one of the dictionariesthat _the most useful to me.A.are B.is C.has been D.have been
