七年级下册英语第九单元知识点.pdf
Unit 9 How was your weekend?一、词组1.do ones homework=do homework 做某人的家庭作业(do my homework 做我的家庭作业 )2.play +运动或棋类 (如:play soccer 踢足球 play chess 下棋)3.play +the+乐器(如:play the guitar 弹吉他)4.clean my room打扫我的房间5.go to the beach 去海滩6.go to the movies 去看电影7. on Saturday morning周六上午(in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上在下午在晚上)介词(prep): on + 具体的星期几/ 日期 Eg: on Sundays/ July 7 in + 月/年/季节/世纪 Eg; in July/ 2006/ summer/ 21century at + 具体钟点 Eg; at 7:008. visit sb 拜访某人(visit my friend看望我的朋友)9. study for the (math) test 准备(数学)考试10. do some reading 阅读 (do+some+ving表示动作)do some washing 洗衣服 do some cooking 做饭 do some shopping 购物11. stay at home 呆在家里12. have a party举行一个晚会13. practice English练习英语practice (practiced) doing sth 练习做某事 (类似用法:like, enjoy, have fun)14.study geography学习地理15. go shopping 去购物 (go+v.ing 表示“去做某事”)go swimming 去游泳go boating 去划船go climbing 去爬山16. play computer games 玩电脑游戏17. go to summer camp 去夏令营18. go to the mountains 去爬山19. go for a walk 散步20.read a book about history读一本历史书21.see an interesting talk show看一个有趣的访谈节目22.write a new song写一首新歌23. spend the weekend度假spend (spent) sometime / money (in) doing sth花费时间/金钱做某事spend (spent) sometime / money on sth 在某事上花费时间/金钱做某事24. look for 寻找(的动作)find (found) 寻找(的结果)Eg: I looked for everywhere but I couldnt find my key.我找了所有的地方,都没有找到我的钥匙。25. last month 上个月26. three days ago 三天前27. yesterday 昨天28. Its time to do sth = Its time for sth 该到做-的时间了Eg: Its time to go for a walk.= Its time for walk.该到散步的时间了。29. go (went) to the beach/ movies/ mountains/ pool/ library去海滩/ 电影院/ 山林/ 游泳池/ 图书馆二、句型1.询问某人以前做了什么事情。 (询问过去发生的动作或事情)句型:What did +某人+do+过去时间?回答:某人+v.ed+过去时间。(注意:助动词did 用于含有一般过去时的实义动词前,构成否定句和和、疑问句,它没有人称和数的变化。当用了“did”提问,那么句中的谓语动词就应该用动词原型)Eg: -What did you do last weekend?你上周末做什么了?-I visited my aunt last weekend.上周末我看望我姑姑了。2.询问怎么样?是一句很常见的问候语。句型:How was/were+其它?回答:It/They +was/were+great/OK/very good.Eg: - How was your weekend?你周末过的怎么样?-It was great./OK太棒了!/还可以。3.What about? 怎么样?1).可以承上文内容,询问相关的消息。Eg:-I can speak English and French.What about you?我会讲英语和法语,你呢?2).可以表示提供建议或征求对方意见。Eg:-What would you like to eat? What about some noodles?-What about going out for a walk? 到外面去散步好吗?4.Last week,we asked ten students at No.3 Middle School what they did last weekend. 上周, 我们询问了十位三中的学生他们在周末干了什么?1).ask sb.sth. 询问某人做某事Eg:-Uncle Wang often asks me my studies. 王叔叔经常问我的学习情况。2). what they did last weekend这一部分是整个句子的一个宾语,也叫宾语从句。从句的语序要用陈述语序。Eg:-Do you know where she is from? 你知道她来自哪里吗?-I dont know what he did yesterday?我不知道他昨天干了什么?5.My aunt cooked dinner for me.我姑妈为我做了晚饭。cookfor sb.“为某人做.”Eg:-My father cooked a fish for me. 我父亲为我做了一条鱼。三语法:一般过去时态1.用法:一般过去时指的是过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。动词通常用一般过去式来表示,除动词 be 的过去式 was/were 有人称变化,其他都没人称的变化.2.构成:可以分为两类,以 Be 动词作谓语的一般过去时 , 以实义动词谓语的一般过去时。be 动词的变化 is/ amwas ,arewere ,was/ were 和人称的搭配:was: I / he/ she/ it/ 单数第一、第三人称/ 可数名词单数/ 不可数名词 ;were: we/ you/ they/ 复数人称/ 可数名词复数.凡由be 动词作谓语的句子变否定was 或 were 后直接加 not, 变一般疑问, was 或 were 置于句首,句尾用问号,读为升调。 实义动词一般过去时用法歌诀:动词一般过去时,表示过去发生事。句中谓语用过去式,过去时间作标记。否定句,很简单,主语之后 didnt 添。疑问构成也有法,主语前面did 加。还有一点不能忘,后面的动词要还原。1). 肯定句:肯定句用实义动词以实义动词作谓语的一般过去时(助动词只有 did)、连系动词或情态动词的过去式构成。句型:主语+ was/were+其他+时状.主语+V.(过去式)+其他+时状.Eg: -Old Henry was happy last Friday. 上星期五老享利高兴。-I played tennis last Sunday morning.上个星期天上午我打网球了。2). 否定句:连系动词 be 的否定句在 was 或 were 后直接加 not;实义动词的否定句在实义动词前加 didnt,但切记谓语动词必须还原成动词原形。句型:主语+was/were +not+其他+时状.主语+didnt +V. (原形) +其他+时状.Eg: - Old Henry wasnt happy last Friday. 上星期五老享利不高兴。-I didnt play tennis last Sunday morning.上个星期天上午我没打网球。3). 一般疑问句: 连系动词 be 的疑问句将 be 的过去式 was 或 were 提到主语前面;实义动词的疑问句在句首加助动词did,特别要注意的是如果句首加了did变成疑问句时,句中的谓语动词变必须变成动词原形。句型:Was/Were+主语+ 其他+时状?肯定回答:Yes,主语 +was/were.否定回答:No, 主语+wasnt/ werent.句型:Did +主语+V(原形)+ 其他+时状?肯定回答:Yes,主语 +did.否定回答:No, 主语+didnt.Eg: - Was Old Henry happy last Friday? 上星期五老享利高兴吗?- Yes,he was.是的。- No,he wasnt.不,不高兴。- Did you play tennis last Sunday morning?Yes,I did.No,I didnt.上个星期天上午你打网球了吗?是的,我打了。不,我没打。3. 一般过去时的时间状语1).固定时间短语:yesterday ,the day before yesterday ,at that time, just now2). .ago 构成的短语 two days/ one hour/ three years ago3). last 构成的短语 last week/ month/ year4). in + 过去的年代 in 1990/20024.过去式的构成1).一般情况下在动词词尾加-ed.如: staystayedhelphelpedvisit-visited2).词尾是 e 的动词加-d.如:likelikedlivelived3). 重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母的,应先双写该辅音字母,再加-ed.如: stopstoppedplanplanned4).以辅音字母+y 结尾的动词,要将 y 改为 i 再加-ed.如: studystudiedworryworried5).不规则动词的过去式am/iswasarewerehave-hadgowentfindfounddodidsee-saw5. 动词过去式的读音:清后清(在清辅音后一般读t),浊后浊(在浊辅音后一般读d) ,/ t/ ,/d/ 后面读/ id/。Eg: looked lukthelped helpt