中考英语代词专项复习课件.ppt

2022-5-29代词的分类代词的分类1.人称代词人称代词2.物主代词物主代词3.反身代词反身代词6.不定代词不定代词4.指示代词指示代词5.疑问代词疑问代词(在宾语从句中在宾语从句中为连接代词为连接代词) 1.人称代词人称代词 人称人称分类分类 第一人称第一人称第二人称第二人称第三人称第三人称 单数单数 复数复数 单数单数 复数复数 单数单数复数复数 主主 格格 宾格宾格I we me us you you you you he she it him her itthey them 用法口诀：用法口诀： 人称代词分两格，主格宾格来分说；人称代词分两格，主格宾格来分说； 主格主格定把定把主语主语作，作，宾格宾格作作宾表宾表不会错。不会错。 人称代词有主格和宾格之分人称代词有主格和宾格之分:如如： _我我 like table tennis. /_她她 is my sister2.宾格作宾语宾格作宾语, 如：如：Do you know_ （他他）?/ Listen to_.（我我）（作宾语）（作宾语） 3.人称代词还可作表语，作表语时用宾格。人称代词还可作表语，作表语时用宾格。 如：如： -Who is knocking at the door? -Its_ （我我）4.人称代词在人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。 He is older than_ （我）（我）1.通常主格作主语通常主格作主语，IShehimmememe/I.位于动词，介词之后，位于动词，介词之后，1、_is new here. Please look after _.(他他)2、_isnt here. Whats wrong with _?(她她)3、Miss Brown will teach _ English next term.(我们我们)根据汉语填空根据汉语填空:HehimSheherus1、_is new here. Please look after _.(他他)2、_isnt here. Whats wrong with _?(她她)1.1.人称代词做主格时顺序：人称代词做主格时顺序：. .注意注意1.我、你、他、都我、你、他、都18岁。岁。_2.你们、我们、他们都来自中国。你们、我们、他们都来自中国。 _.3.我和他弄丢书了。我和他弄丢书了。_You, he and I are 18.We, you and they are from China2 2、在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在、在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在 not not 后多用宾格后多用宾格. . I like English. _ too. A. I B. He C. MeI and he lost the book.单数你他我；复数我们你们他们；单数你他我；复数我们你们他们；若要担责任，第一人称要当先若要担责任，第一人称要当先1. Who broke the window? Not _. A. I B. he C. her2. Miss Li invited _ to have dinner with her . A. me and you B. you and I C. you and me it it 的特殊用法的特殊用法 it可代指婴儿或不明身份的人可代指婴儿或不明身份的人. who is the person over there? _is the headmaster.It 也可用来表示天气、时间、距离等。也可用来表示天气、时间、距离等。1.天气天气:How cold _is today!2.时间时间:_s about eight oclock.3.距离距离:_s 200 kilometers from here用来代替只是代词用来代替只是代词this或或thatWhats this/that?-_ is a bookItItItItIt1. 做某事情对某人来说是做某事情对某人来说是 It is + adj. (+for/of sb.) +to do sth. 2. 轮到某人做轮到某人做 Its ones turn to do sth. 3. 是（某人）做某事的时候了是（某人）做某事的时候了 Its time (for sb.) to do sth./for sth/that（从句）（从句）.4. 据说据说 Its said that 注意：注意：it it 用作形式主语，常用语下列固定句型用作形式主语，常用语下列固定句型Its important for you to work hard.Its said that there are wolves in this forest It is your turn to clean the classroom. It s time to have class It is very kind of you to help me so much . (You are kind） (to work hard is important） 8. It is + adj.+that从句从句9. 做某事情对某人来说是做某事情对某人来说是 It is +n（for sb）to do sth10. 某人发现某人发现/认为认为/感觉到做某事是感觉到做某事是的的 + it + adj. to do 形式宾语形式宾语It is necessary that the students do some reading every day It is duty for us to protect the earth. find sb. think feelI find it hard to learn math 人称人称分类分类 第一人称第一人称 第二人称第二人称 第三人称第三人称 单数单数 复数复数 单数单数 复数复数 单数单数复数复数形容词性形容词性 名词性名词性 2.物主物主 代词代词my ouryour your his her its their mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs 记忆小窍门记忆小窍门：物主代词分两家，形，名词各一霸。物主代词分两家，形，名词各一霸。 his,its 无变化；无变化； my,mine记牢它记牢它 其余变化有规律其余变化有规律,形容词性后加尾巴（形容词性后加尾巴（s）物主代词的用法：物主代词的用法：用法口诀用法口诀:物主代词两类型，形容词性、名词性。形容词性作物主代词两类型，形容词性、名词性。形容词性作定语定语，后面定把名词用后面定把名词用。名词性、。名词性、独立独立用，用，主宾表语主宾表语它都充它都充。1.形容词性物主代词相当于形容词放在形容词性物主代词相当于形容词放在名词前作定语。名词前作定语。Im_new teacher this term(你)This is a bird._name is polly(它)He used_own money to buy a book.(他)your2.名词性物主代词在句中充当名词性物主代词在句中充当主语，表语和宾语主语，表语和宾语。名词性物主名词性物主词词=形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词+名词名词Itshis注：形容词性物主代词可以和own连用This is your pen. _is there我我.做主语做主语 mine=my penThese are my books. Those are _你你.做表语做表语 yours=your booksMy bike is broken.May I use _你你?做宾语做宾语 yours=your bikeMine yoursyours“名词名词 of+名词性物主代词名词性物主代词表示所属表示所属 如：如：a sister of his 他的一个妹妹他的一个妹妹注意：汉语中常说“我父亲”“你弟弟”等，英语中必须用物主代词， 如:my father, your brother汉语中有不用物主代词的习惯“我做作业”，英语中则要使用物主代词。如： I do my homework根据汉语填空根据汉语填空: 1、The two little girls are crying. They cant find_(她们的她们的)mother.2、Is the shirt on the bed _(你的你的)?3、This red blouse isnt Helens. _is blue.(她的她的)theiryoursHers3. 反身代词反身代词 人称人称分类分类 第一人称第一人称 第二人称第二人称 第三人称第三人称 单数单数 复数复数myself ourselves yourself yourselveshimself themselvesherself itself 反身代词用法口诀反身代词用法口诀： 反身代词表自身，句中可作两成分：反身代词表自身，句中可作两成分：表示强调同位语，宾语动作回自身。表示强调同位语，宾语动作回自身。 反身代词的用法：反身代词的用法：（1）在句中作动词或介词的宾语，表示）在句中作动词或介词的宾语，表示“自己自己”He teaches _English .Im old enough to look after_.himselfmyself（2）在句中做名词或代词的同位语时，表示）在句中做名词或代词的同位语时，表示“亲自亲自/本人本人”起强调起强调作用，位置较灵活，可位于名词或代词后也可位于句末。作用，位置较灵活，可位于名词或代词后也可位于句末。He told me the news_.= He _ told me the news. I saw the girl_ today.我今天见到那个女孩本人了我今天见到那个女孩本人了himselfhimselfherself根据汉语填空根据汉语填空:1、The man fell off his bike and hurt _(他自己他自己).2、I teach_(我自己我自己)French.3、We_(我们自己我们自己)did it.4、Lily! Help _to some fish.(你自己你自己)himselfmyselfourselvesyourself2. 2. 反身代词常见固定搭配反身代词常见固定搭配 过得愉快过得愉快 自自学学 请随便吃请随便吃 自言自语自言自语 独自独自 伤了某人自己伤了某人自己 不要客气不要客气 陶醉沉浸于陶醉沉浸于 自己穿衣服自己穿衣服 照顾自己照顾自己 enjoy oneself learn- by / teach oneself help oneself to sth. say to oneself by oneself hurt oneself make oneself at home lose oneself in dress oneself look after oneself1.My pen is broken. May I use_?A. you B. yours C. yourself D. your2.-Are these_ coats?-No, they arent. _ are here.A.your, Ours B. your, We C. you, Ours D. you, Our3.Dont lose_ in computer games, boys.A.yourself B. yourselves C. himself D. themselves选择填空选择填空:4.Wheres your mother? I cant find _ anywhere. A . she B. her C. he D. him5.Mikes words are different from_. We really cant agree with_.A. ours, him B. ours, hes C. us, him D. us, his6.I saw_playing in the street at that time.A. them B. they C. their D. theirs7The pen is hers. Pass it to_, please.A. her B. she C. hers D. herself 8.We _ at the party last Sunday.A. enjoyed myself B. enjoyed ourselvesC. enjoy myself D. enjoyed themselves选择填空选择填空:9.Let Tony do it by_. He is no longer a kid.A. him B. his C. himself D. he10.Our room is big, but_ is bigger than_.A. their; our B. their; ours C. theirs; ours D. theirs; our 11. Only_know it.A. I and he B. he and you C. he and I D. I and you12. Make_at home. he said to his friends.A. yourself B. yourselves C. you D. yours13.Could you help_with_English? A. I, my B. me, me C. me, my D. my, I选择填空选择填空:1 4 . W e c a n t l e a v e m y grandparents by_. A. they B. them C. themselves D. their15. Mary, please show_ your picture. A. my B. mine C. I D . me1.this/these指代2.2.打电话时用打电话时用thisthis指代自己指代自己,that,that指代对方。指代对方。1.this/these 1.this/these 指代时间或空间上较近的人或事物；指代时间或空间上较近的人或事物；that/thosethat/those指指时间或空间上代较远的人或事物。时间或空间上代较远的人或事物。单数单数复数复数this 这个这个these 这些这些that 那个那个those 那些那些四四. .指示代词指示代词This is a pen and that is a pencil We are busy these daysHello!_ is Tina speaking. Who is_?3.表示比较时用表示比较时用that代指前文出现的不可数名词代指前文出现的不可数名词,可数名词复数用可数名词复数用those代指，以免重复。代指，以免重复。The weather in China is quite different from _in USA .The mobile phones made in China are as good as_made in the USA.thatthosethatThis The population of Shanghai is larger than _ of Jinan. A. that B. this C. it The radios made in Beijing are as good as _ made in Qingdao. A. that B. these C. those 主主 格格宾格宾格所有格所有格指人指人who whomwhose指物指物 whatwhose指人或物指人或物 whichwhose五五. .疑问代词疑问代词/关系代词关系代词 2.疑问代词用来构成特殊疑问句，通常位于句首疑问代词用来构成特殊疑问句，通常位于句首 ，并在句中充，并在句中充 当主语当主语 ，宾语，表语或定语，宾语，表语或定语（1）.Who will be NO.1?主语主语-人人 （2）.Who is he?表语表语-人人（3）.Whom do you live with? 宾语宾语-人人（4）.Whose ruler is this?定于语定于语-人人（5）.Which animal do you like?定语定语-物物（6）.Which does better，Tom or Lucy?主语主语-人人（7）.What do you like? 宾语宾语-物物（8）.What are you? 表语表语-人人问职业问职业在一定范围中选择，在一定范围中选择，what无此用法无此用法1.1)_ ruler is yours, this one or that one? ( What, Which)2)_ bag is this? ( Who, Whose )3)_ is she? ( Who, Whom)4) About _ did they talk just now? ( who, whom)5) Did you understand _ I said? ( what, that)WhichWhoseWhowhomwhat选择填空选择填空:6）-_ is that man over there? -Hes Mr Green.A. What B. Which C. How D. Who 7）-_ is your classmate John like? - -Hes very tall.A. How B. What C. Who D . Which some 肯定句肯定句 作形容词时，可修饰可数名词复数形式或不可数名词，作形容词时，可修饰可数名词复数形式或不可数名词，表表示示“一些一些”，“某些某些” ；He bought _toys and _milk yesterday 六六.基本不定代词基本不定代词 some 、 anysomesome比较比较some 也可以用于疑问句中表示请求、建议，希望得到也可以用于疑问句中表示请求、建议，希望得到肯定答复。肯定答复。Would you like _ coffee?some修饰可数名词单数时，表示修饰可数名词单数时，表示“某个某个”Some students are waiting for you.Some student is waiting for you.any 否定句否定句/ 疑问句疑问句/条件句，表示条件句，表示“一些，任何一些，任何”，用作形容词时，后面可以接不可数名词或可数名词用作形容词时，后面可以接不可数名词或可数名词(常常用复数用复数)。If you have _questions, please ask me. Have you got _ tea? He doesnt have _ friends here.注：注：any 也可以用于肯定句中，表示也可以用于肯定句中，表示“任何任何”，“随便随便” You can call me at _ time if you have problem. any和和some也可以作代词用，表示也可以作代词用，表示“一些一些”。any多多用用 于疑问句或否定句中，于疑问句或否定句中，some多用于肯定句中。多用于肯定句中。 anyanyanyanysomeanyHow many people can you see in the picture? I cant see_. If you have no money, Ill lend you_. 2.不定代词不定代词/不定副词不定副词 + 形容词形容词 如：如：I have something important to tell you 与与some, any结合的不定代词或不定副词结合的不定代词或不定副词 1. 如如: something, somebody, someone, anything, anyone, anybody,sonewhere,anywhere 在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法，在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法，大致和大致和some, any的用法相同的用法相同。 注意注意1. Do you have _ to do this evening? A. important something B. anything important C. something important 2. _ is watching TV . Lets turn it off . A . Somebody B. Anybody C. Nobody3. Would you like _? I can get it for you . A. something else B. anything else C. everything else few / a few & little / a little 当前面由当前面由only 修饰，常用修饰，常用 a few或或 a little .a little和和little也可以用作副词，也可以用作副词，a little表示表示“有点，稍有点，稍微微”，little表示表示“很少很少 肯定肯定否定否定可数名词复数可数名词复数a few 虽少，但有几个虽少，但有几个 few 不多，几乎没有不多，几乎没有 不可数名词不可数名词 a little虽少，但有一点虽少，但有一点 little不多，没有什么不多，没有什么 I have only_ rice at home.He has only _friends herea little（1）The work is _difficult for us to finish in two days A. a few B. few C. a little D. little拓展拓展 （2）She slept very little last night（3）Let him sleep a littlea few1.Although all the girls have tried their best , only _ pass the exam. A. few B. a few C. a little2. Dont worry .There is _ time left A. little B. a little C. few3. You are so great! _ people in the school can do it . A little B. Little C. Few4.There is only _milk in the glass5.I feel _tired,so I want to have a rest. a littlea littleeach every 1)可单独使用可单独使用 /each+单数名词单数名词/ each of+可数名词复数可数名词复数(做主谓单做主谓单)1)不可单独使用或与不可单独使用或与of 连用，需连用，需后跟可数名词单数形式后跟可数名词单数形式 (做主做主谓单谓单)2)可做代词（主宾同位语）、也做形可做代词（主宾同位语）、也做形容词容词 （定语）（定语）2)仅作形容词仅作形容词 (定语定语)3)着重着重“个别个别” each boy3)着重着重“全体全体”，毫无例外，毫无例外 every boy (all boys)4)用于两者或两者以上中的每一个人用于两者或两者以上中的每一个人或物或物 4)用于三者或三者以上每一个人用于三者或三者以上每一个人或物或物 3. each every 3. each everyEach has a cup of teaEvery student has a cup of teaEach of the students has /have a dictionaryThere are trees on each side of the roadI gave two storybooks to each of themWe each have a dictionaryWe才是主语.(代/主)形/定(代/主)(形/定)(代/宾)（代/同位语）不定代词不定代词含义含义数量关系数量关系两者都两者都=2三者或三者以上都三者或三者以上都3两者中任何一个两者中任何一个=2三三者中任何一个者中任何一个3两者都不两者都不=2三者或三者以上都不三者或三者以上都不3每一个（强调个体）每一个（强调个体）2每一个（强调整体）每一个（强调整体）3bothalleitheranyneithernoneeachevery反反肯否either of 两者两者之一之一+复数名词复数名词 / them / usneither of 两者两者都不都不both (of) 两者两者都都none of 三或三以上三或三以上都不都不all (of) 三或三以上三或三以上都都any of 三以上三以上任何一个任何一个4.either any neither both none all 4.either any neither both none all 1.eitheror .不是不是就是就是./或者或者或者或者Either you or he locks the door./We can visit tom either this Friday or next Monday 2.neithernor .两者都不两者都不Neither my sister nor I like Japanese food3. bothand .两者都两者都. Both Tom and Jim like sports就近原则就近原则谓谓单单谓谓单单谓谓复复谓谓单单,复复谓谓复复谓谓单单 _ of the girls _ him. They asked him for name card. A. Neither; know B. Either; know C. Neither; knows Both of his parents _ teachers. A. is B. are C. was Both of his brothers _ in this hospital, but neither of them _ a doctor. A. works; is B. work; is C. work; are The students are all from Foshan . They _ like their city . A. both B. all C. either Lucy and Lily _ agree with us. A. all B. both C. neither How are your parents ? They are _ fine. A. both B. all C. no 4.none no one 4.none no onenone （肯肯 all)no one没有什么没有什么人人 / 物物（三或三以上都不）（三或三以上都不） “没有人没有人” ,只只能指能指人人(nobady)回答回答 how many 问句问句 回回答答who问句问句none of + 复数名词复数名词 / them/us 谓谓语用单数语用单数/复数复数No one不可与不可与of连用，连用， 作主作主语，谓语用单数语，谓语用单数How many people are there in the room? _. A. None B. No one C. Lucy Who is in the room? _. A. None B. No one C. one None of them _ China. A. come from B. is from C. is come from There are 40 students in our class, 22 are boys ,_ are girls. A. the others B. others C. the other One of the sides of the road should be painted yellow, and_ white. A. the other Banother C. others This pair of trousers is too short. Would you please show me _ one. A. other B. others C. another 5. onethe other (onethe other (两者两者中的一个，另一个中的一个，另一个) ) someothers someothers（其他的人、物）（其他的人、物）没有给出一定范围没有给出一定范围 the othersthe others（特指其余的人、物）（特指其余的人、物）给出一定范围给出一定范围 another+another+可数名词单数（三者以上的另一个）可数名词单数（三者以上的另一个） other(other(其他的其他的) ) I have two brothers. _ is a doctor, _ is a soldier. A. One, the other B. One, other C. The one, the other D. One; the others Some people like to stay at home on Sundays, but _ like to go to the cinema.A. other B. another C. the others D. others I have five color pencils, one is red, another is blue and _ are green.A.the others B. other C. the other D. others 指人指人 肯定句肯定句 someone somebody 否定或疑问句否定或疑问句 anyone anybody通用通用 everyone everybody no one nobody指物指物肯定句肯定句 something 否定或疑问句否定或疑问句 anything通用通用 everything nothing6. 复合不定代词复合不定代词 1)I have _ important to tell you. ( something, anything)2)I dont know_ else about it. ( something, anything)3)Dont worry,_ is OK. ( nothing, everything)4)-You look so happy! -Jack says I am very beautiful. _has ever told me that before. (Everybody, Nobody)5) The bottle is empty. There is_ in it. (something , nothing )somethinganythingeverythingNobodynothing选择填空选择填空:Exercises（自我检测题自我检测题）1.Though it rained heavily, _ were still playing on the playground.A. they B. them C. their D. themselves 2 . He thought_a little difficult to work out this maths problem.A. there B. it C. this D. that3. Sorry I have forgotten _ telephone number.A. yours B. him C. you D. hisABD4-_ is your sister?-She is a nurse. A. What B. Which C. How D. Who5. _ one do you like, the blue one or the red one? A. What B. Which C. That D. This 6. They all lost _ in the beautiful music. A. them B. themselves C. their D. theirs 7. Listen to me. I have_ to tell you. A. anything new B. something new C. new something D. nothing new8. -Are these two books interesting? -Yes, _ of them are interesting.A. both B. all C. either D. neither9. Which would you like, a cup of tea or a glass of milk?-_, thanks. I think Ill just have a glass of water.A. None B. Neither C. Both D. Either 10 The film isnt interesting. _ people like it.A. Few B. A little C. A few D. Little ABA11.-Wow! What a nice computer! -My parents bought it for my sister and me. Its_. A.ours B. hers C. mine D. theirs12. The old woman kept one black dog and two white _.A. one B. ones C. those D. those13.-She is too busy to help us finish the work. -Lets do it _.A. herself B. myself C. ourselves B. D. itself14. The students were all tired, but _of them stopped to have a rest. A. none B. each C. either D. neither15. There are many trees on _side of the street.A. either B. both C. all D. every