教你一眼看穿GRE长篇阅读错误干扰选项.doc

教你一眼看穿GRE长篇阅读错误干扰选项教你一眼看穿GRE长篇阅读错误干扰选项,我们来看看吧，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。教你一眼看穿GRE长篇阅读错误干扰选项GRE长篇阅读错误干扰选项类型介绍GRE长篇阅读中存在的错误干扰选项主要有以下几类：1. 偏题项这类选项比较隐蔽，其表现形式往往是内容本身是正确的，但说偏了没抓住重点，不是文章的主线。考生很容易跟正确选项混淆而选择它。不同于未提及项，这类选项在文中是有所涉及的，因此也更具有欺骗性，考生需要先明确题目所问问题才能避免被偏题项干扰思路。2. 反义项有些题目本身比较长，加上一些否定和双重否定等，考生就容易理解错误，而特别设置的部分反义项，就往往会等着考生自己被绕晕了以后自投罗网。这些选项的特点是和其它选项的意思完全相反，乍看之下非常显眼，但实际上却并非正确答案。小编建议大家仔细读题，把反义否定等关系搞清楚再解答。3. 错位项还有些错误选项，主题和修饰错位，或者把不相关的内容拼凑在一起，看似哪边都沾一点关系，其实本身却是错位选项，也很容易影响考生的判断。这种选项同样具有很强的干扰性，可能选项中部分选取了文章内容，但之后引导出的结论却和文章完全没有关系，也是考验大家对于文章细节记忆能力的干扰项，最好的应对方法是阅读过程中多做标记定位，解题时适当参考就可以避免错位混淆。4. 极端项极端项其实是比较明显的错误干扰选项，常会使用一些代表主观判断的最高级词汇比如best/most/least，唯一性词汇比如only、alone或者比较级词汇比如better、worse等。这些选项表现出一种极端的不容否定的态度。看似很有道理其实却并正确。这类选项由于标志明显，所以熟悉套路以后反而很容易发现，考生也会主动去注意那些极端词汇，稍加留意就不会中招了。5. 未提项这种错误选项陷阱也比较常见，故意给出一些看似很有联系的新信息点，说得头头是道，考生如果因为文章篇幅较长没有阅读全文，就会以为自己没看仔细，其实这些所谓的信息都是一些根本没有出现在文章中完全和题目无关的未提及选项。这类选项同样很好辨认，看似涉及到了细节，但实际上并没有在文章中提到，大家面对阅读要学会根据文章所提内容进行选择，千万不要自己想当然，只要能做到这点，那么这种类型的干扰错误选项就无用武之地了。6. 主观项这种错误选项的制定思路是根据一些常识性的推断，引导考生做出的判断，其本身带有很强的主观性，而并不是客观的事实，如果考生不加注意就很容易被带歪思路。类似上文的未提项，这类主观项同样是建立在看似迎合实则错误引导考生思路的做法上的。大家在阅读过程中应学会以文章内容为主，不要想当然地去结合自己的经历经验进行联想。脚踏实地才能做好这类题目。重视阅读错误选项才能避免受到影响之所以要特别列出阅读中的错误选项，是因为这种选项对于考生阅读部分的正确率杀伤率极高。比起其它一目了然的数学或者填空题，GRE阅读要解题首先就要读文章，很多考生读完文章，特别是长篇文章后，本身思路已经有些混乱，再被这些干扰选项祸害一下，很容易就会出现连续错误。而许多考生对于GRE阅读存在的畏惧情绪和心理阴影，其实也往往是由错误选项导致的。综上所述，GRE长篇阅读中的错误选项对于阅读能力欠缺考试时间又不太够的考生来说还是有很大杀伤力的，大家一定要对上文提到的这些常见错误干扰选项类型有所了解，才能在考试中顺利发现问题排除错误，提高鸡肋长篇阅读的得分。GRE考试阅读理解模拟题及答案解析P1Heat pumps circulate a fluid refrigerant that cycles alternatively from its liquid phase to its vapor phase in a closed loop.The refrigerant, starting as a low-temperature, low-pressure vapor, enters a compressor driven by an electric motor.The refrigerant leaves the compressor as a hot, dense vapor and flows through a heat exchanger called the condenser, which transfers heat from the refrigerant to a body of air.Now the refrigerant, as a high-pressure, cooled liquid, confronts a flow restriction which causes the pressure to drop.As the pressure falls, the refrigerant expands and partially vaporizes, becoming chilled.It then passes through a second heat exchanger, the evaporator, which transfers heat from the air to the refrigerant, reducing the temperature of this second body of air. (126 words)1. According to the passage, the role of the flow restriction in a heat pump is to(A) measure accurately the flow rate of the refrigerant mass at that point(B) compress and heat the refrigerant vapor(C) bring about the evaporation and cooling of refrigerant(D) exchange heat between the refrigerant and the air at that point(E) reverse the direction of refrigerant flow when neededP2Traditionally, the study of history has had fixed boundaries and focal points periods, countries, dramatic events, and great leaders.It also has had clear and firm notions of scholarly procedure: how one inquires into a historical problem, how one presents and documents ones findings, what constitutes admissible and adequate proof.The recent popular psychohistory, committed to Freudian psychoanalysis, takes a radically different approach.This commitment precludes a commitment to history as historians have always understood it.Psychohistory derives its facts not from history, the detailed records of events and their consequences, but from psychoanalysis of the individuals who made history, and deduces its theories not from this or that instance in their lives, but from a view of human nature that transcends history.It denies the basic criterion of historical evidence: that evidence be publicly accessible to, and therefore assessable by, all historians.Psychohistorians, convinced of the absolute rightness of their own theories, are also convinced that theirs is the deepest explanation of any event that other explanations fall short of the truth.2. Which of the following best states the main point of the passage?(A) The approach of psychohistorians to historical study is currently in vogue even though it lacks the rigor and verifiability of traditional historical method.(B) Traditional historians can benefit from studying the techniques and findings of psychohistorians.(C) Areas of sociological study such as childhood and work are of little interest to traditional historians.(D) The psychological assessment of an individuals behavior and attitudes is more informative than the details of his or her daily life.(E) History is composed of unique and nonrepeating events that must be individually analyzed on the basis of publicly verifiable evidence.3. The author of the passage puts the word deepest in quotation marks most probably in order to(A) question the usefulness of psychohistorians insights into traditional historical scholarship(B) draw attention to a contradiction in the psychohistorians method(C) emphasize the major difference between the traditional historians method and that of psychohistorians(D) disassociate her opinion of the psychohistorians claims from her opinion of their method(E) signal her reservations about the accuracy of psychohistorians claims for their workP3Eight percent of the Earths crust is aluminum, and there are hundreds of aluminum-bearing minerals and vast quantities of the rocks that contain them.The best aluminum ore is bauxite, defined as aggregates of aluminous minerals, more or less impure, in which aluminum is present as hydrated oxides.Bauxite is the richest of all those aluminous rocks that occur in large quantities, and it yields alumina, the intermediate product required for the production of aluminum.Alumina also occurs naturally as the mineral corundum, but corundum is not found in large deposits of high purity, and therefore it is an impractical source for making aluminum.Most of the many abundant nonbauxite aluminous minerals are silicates, and, like all silicate minerals, they are refractory, resistant to analysis, and extremely difficult to process.The aluminum silicates are therefore generally unsuitable alternatives to bauxite because considerably more energy is required to extract alumina from them. (153 words)4. The author implies that a mineral must either be or readily supply which of the following in order to be classified as an aluminum ore?(A) An aggregate(B) Bauxite(C) Alumina(D) Corundum(E) An aluminum silicateFor the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply5. The passage supplies information for answering all of the following questions regarding aluminous mineralsA Are aluminum-bearing nonbauxite minerals plentiful?B Do the aluminous minerals found in bauxite contain hydrated oxides?C Are aluminous hydrated oxides found in rocks?6. The author implies that corundum would be used to produce aluminum if(A) corundum could be found that is not contaminated by silicates(B) the production of alumina could be eliminated as an intermediate step in manufacturing aluminum(C) many large deposits of very high quality corundum were to be discovered(D) new technologies were to make it possible to convert corundum to a silicate(E) manufacturers were to realize that the worlds supply of bauxite is not unlimitedP4Tillie Olsens fiction and essays have been widely and rightly acknowledged, particularly by contemporary feminists, as major contributions to American literature.Yet few of Olsens readers realize the extent to which her vision and choice of subject are rooted in an earlier literary heritagethe tradition of radical political thought, mostly socialist and anarchist, of the 1910s and 1920s, and the Old Left tradition of the 1930s.I do not mean that one can adequately explain the eloquence of her work in terms of its political origins, or that left-wing politics were the single most important influence on it.My point is that its central consciousnessits profound understanding of class and gender as shaping influences on peoples lives owes much to that earlier literary heritage. (126 words)For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply7. According to the author, which of the following is NOT true of the heritage mentioned in the passage?A It emphasizes gender as the determinate influence on peoples lives.B It includes political traditions that span three decades of the twentieth century.C It has been the most important influence on Olsens work.8. Select the sentence in which the author denies possible interpretations of an earlier assertion.P11Heat pumps circulate a fluid refrigerant that cycles alternatively from its liquid phase to its vapor phase in a closed loop.热泵使液态制冷剂在一个闭环中循环的过程中，制冷剂从液态到气态不停交替。2The refrigerant, starting as a low-temperature, low-pressure vapor, enters a compressor driven by an electric motor.低温低压蒸汽状态的制冷剂经过电机驱动进入一个压缩机。3The refrigerant leaves the compressor as a hot, dense vapor and flows through a heat exchanger called the condenser, which transfers heat from the refrigerant to a body of air.经过压缩机制冷剂变热变稠，进入一个叫做冷凝器的热交换器，把热量从制冷剂传导至一股空气。4Now the refrigerant, as a high-pressure, cooled liquid, confronts a flow restriction which causes the pressure to drop.现在制冷剂变成高压冷却的液体，经过限流使压力下降。5As the pressure falls, the refrigerant expands and partially vaporizes, becoming chilled.随着压力下降，制冷剂扩张部分气化，进一步降温。6It then passes through a second heat exchanger, the evaporator, which transfers heat from the air to the refrigerant, reducing the temperature of this second body of air. (126 words)然后制冷剂经过第二个热交换器，蒸馏器，它把热量从空气传导给制冷剂，使第二股空气降温。1. According to the passage, the role of the flow restriction in a heat pump is to(A) measure accurately the flow rate of the refrigerant mass at that point(B) compress and heat the refrigerant vapor(C) bring about the evaporation and cooling of refrigerant(D) exchange heat between the refrigerant and the air at that point(E) reverse the direction of refrigerant flow when needed选C见句 4、5 。P21Traditionally, the study of history has had fixed boundaries and focal points periods, countries, dramatic events, and great leaders.按传统来说，历史研究的领域都已固定，侧重于时期，国家，大事件和重要领导人。2It also has had clear and firm notions of scholarly procedure: how one inquires into a historical problem, how one presents and documents ones findings, what constitutes admissible and adequate proof.也有了清晰明确的关于治学程序的概念：如何提出一个历史问题，如何呈现和证明某个结论，证据如何取舍。3The recent popular psychohistory, committed to Freudian psychoanalysis, takes a radically different approach.最近流行的心理历史学，致力于弗洛伊德精神分析，采取了一种本质上不同的方式。4This commitment precludes a commitment to history as historians have always understood it.这不是历史学者惯常理解的方式。5Psychohistory derives its facts not from history, the detailed records of events and their consequences, but from psychoanalysis of the individuals who made history, and deduces its theories not from this or that instance in their lives, but from a view of human nature that transcends history.心理历史学不从历史中寻找 “事实” ，(比如)对历史事件及其影响的详实完备的记录，而来自对创造历史的的个人的精神分析，不从他们一生中的具体事件推导观点，而来自超越历史的人性观。6It denies the basic criterion of historical evidence: that evidence be publicly accessible to, and therefore assessable by, all historians.它违背历史学证据的基本标准：证据必须对所有的历史学者公开，进而被所有学者检验。7Psychohistorians, convinced of the absolute rightness of their own theories, are also convinced that theirs is the deepest explanation of any event that other explanations fall short of the truth.心理历史学家们都相信自己观点的绝对正确，相信他们的观点是对任何事件的“最深刻”的解释而其他人的解释都不是真相。2. Which of the following best states the main point of the passage?(A) The approach of psychohistorians to historical study is currently in vogue even though it lacks the rigor and verifiability of traditional historical method.(B) Traditional historians can benefit from studying the techniques and findings of psychohistorians.(C) Areas of sociological study such as childhood and work are of little interest to traditional historians.(D) The psychological assessment of an individuals behavior and attitudes is more informative than the details of his or her daily life.(E) History is composed of unique and nonrepeating events that must be individually analyzed on the basis of publicly verifiable evidence.选ABCDE 都有文段中不曾出现的新信息。3. The author of the passage puts the word deepest in quotation marks most probably in order to(A) question the usefulness of psychohistorians insights into traditional historical scholarship(B) draw attention to a contradiction in the psychohistorians method(C) emphasize the major difference between the traditional historians method and that of psychohistorians(D) disassociate her opinion of the psychohistorians claims from her opinion of their method(E) signal her reservations about the accuracy of psychohistorians claims for their work选E再看一遍句 7 。Psychohistorians, convinced of the absolute rightness of their own theories, are also convinced that theirs is the deepest explanation of any event that other explanations fall short of the truth.都觉得自己对，别人都不行，显然是一种自以为是的态度，“deepest” 加引号是作者表达自己对这种态度的保留，所以选E。P31Eight percent of the Earths crust is aluminum, and there are hundreds of aluminum-bearing minerals and vast quantities of the rocks that contain them.地壳的8%是铝，有超过百种含铝的矿物以及大量含铝的矿石。2The best aluminum ore is bauxite, defined as aggregates of aluminous minerals, more or less impure, in which aluminum is present as hydrated oxides.最好的铝矿石是铝土矿，这是一种纯度不一的含铝矿石，铝以水合氧化物的形式存在。3Bauxite is the richest of all those aluminous rocks that occur in large quantities, and it yields alumina, the intermediate product required for the production of aluminum.大量出现的铝矿石中以铝土矿含量最高，而且它可以产出三氧化二铝，是制取铝的中间产物。4Alumina also occurs naturally as the mineral corundum, but corundum is not found in large deposits of high purity, and therefore it is an impractical source for making aluminum.三氧化二铝也天然地存在于刚玉中，但这种矿物并未发现大量的高纯度蕴藏，因此不是符合实际的制铝资源。5Most of the many abundant nonbauxite aluminous minerals are silicates, and, like all silicate minerals, they are refractory, resistant to analysis, and extremely difficult to process.很多非铝土矿的含铝矿物大部分是硅酸盐，和所有的硅酸盐一样，它们耐高温，难以分解，极难加工。6The aluminum silicates are therefore generally unsuitable alternatives to bauxite because considerably more energy is required to extract alumina from them. (153 words)因此含铝硅酸盐通常不适合作为铝土矿的替代方案，因为要从中提取铝需要多消耗相当数量的能源。4. The author implies that a mineral must either be or readily supply which of the following in order to be classified as an aluminum ore?(A) An aggregate(B) Bauxite(C) Alumina(D) Corundum(E) An aluminum silicate选C难点在于审题，作者认为一种矿物质必须是 _ 或者提供 _ 才能被称为铝矿石，句 2 说到水合氧化物，句 3、4 出现了三氧化二铝，综合来看选 C，只有包含三氧化二铝的矿石，才被称为铝矿石。For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply5. The passage supplies information for answering all of the following questions regarding aluminous mineralsA Are aluminum-bearing nonbauxite minerals plentiful?B Do the aluminous minerals found in bauxite contain hydrat