（优化方案）2011高考英语一轮复习 unit22课件 北师大版选修8.ppt

Units 2224选修 8晨练时刻晨练时刻句型品味句型品味1I have recently made a survey among 30 boys and 30 girls in our school about their purpose of surfing the Internet.2Recently Ive made a survey，which is about the present conditions of the students.3According to the figures we gathered, 50% said they read at least one of the bestselling novels in their spare time.4Only by looking at the chart can we see that a majority of them are in favor of it.晨练时刻晨练时刻句型品味句型品味5As you can tell by the chart, the best choice would be a combination of TV and magazine ads.6As far as I am concerned, we students should balance our physical exercise and studies.7Here are the results：Different people have different attitudes towards the health problems.8In 2008，sales of the computer went up by 16% compared with 0.78 billion the previous year.晨练时刻晨练时刻句型品味句型品味9Recently a survey has been done to find out the reading interests of senior middle school students.10In this survey, one thousand senior middle school students from ten schools in Hubei Province were interviewed.11The Ministry of Education calls on students to exercise for an hour every day, in the hope that they will have good health to work fifty years and enjoy the whole life.晨练时刻晨练时刻句型品味句型品味12Compared with the tuition fees of the South University, which is 8,000 yuan per year, I can save 3,000 yuan every year if I choose the North University.13They say，the easier the means of communication are, the less emotion people give.晨练时刻晨练时刻典例朗读典例朗读最近，某网站最近，某网站“高中教育是否应该取消文理分高中教育是否应该取消文理分科科”进行调查，有数万名网民参与投票。结果如下：进行调查，有数万名网民参与投票。结果如下：人数比例人数比例原因原因54%主张取主张取消文理分科消文理分科1.学生综合素质和竞争力下降；学生综合素质和竞争力下降；2不利于培养学生的人文素养。不利于培养学生的人文素养。40%主张保主张保持文理分科持文理分科1.学生负担小；学生负担小；2有充裕的时间发展优势学科。有充裕的时间发展优势学科。晨练时刻晨练时刻典例朗读典例朗读请根据表格的内容，以请根据表格的内容，以“Should Science and Arts Education Be Separated？”为题，写为题，写一篇一篇120150词的英语短文，谈谈你对当前的词的英语短文，谈谈你对当前的高中文理分科教育模式的看法。高中文理分科教育模式的看法。_晨练时刻晨练时刻典例朗读典例朗读One possible version：Should Science and Arts Education Be Separated? Recently a survey has been conducted about whether the separation of science and arts education should be cancelled.54% of the people agree to cancel the separation practice while 40% are against it. Those who are in favor of cancelling the practice think that the separation of science and arts education has resulted in the poor quality of晨练时刻晨练时刻典例朗读典例朗读students, which cannot satisfy the demands of modern society. Besides, students need a good understanding of both science and arts to improve their personality and national competitiveness. However, those who want to keep the separation argue that it is better for students to be educated separately because it can relieve students heavy load. With fewer subjects to learn, they can have more free time to take exercise and learn their favorite subjects. Personally, I agree to cancel the separation practice.Unit 22 Environmental Protection 环境保护考纲知识预览考纲知识预览重点单词重点单词1 vt. 使困住使困住2 prep. 超出超出3 vt. & vi. 牺牲，献出牺牲，献出4 vt. 主张，提倡主张，提倡5 vt. 回收利用回收利用6 vt. 宣判死刑，注定毁灭宣判死刑，注定毁灭7 n. 代替品，代用品代替品，代用品8 vt. 依法没收，扣押依法没收，扣押9 n. 规模，大小规模，大小trapbeyondsacrificeadvocaterecyclecondemn substituteseizescale考纲知识预览考纲知识预览10 adj. 艰难的艰难的11 n. 方法方法12 vt. & vi. 逃走逃走13 n. 农业农业 adj. 农业的农业的14 prep. & n. 考虑到；假设事考虑到；假设事实实 adj. 特定的，预定的特定的，预定的15 adj. 无关紧要的，价无关紧要的，价值不大的值不大的 adj. (反义词反义词)有重大有重大意义的，显著的意义的，显著的roughagricultureagricultural meansfleegivengiveninsignificant significant考纲知识预览考纲知识预览16 n. 保留，存疑保留，存疑 v. 保留；储备；预订保留；储备；预订 n. 保护区；储备保护区；储备17 vt. 威胁威胁 n. 威胁威胁18 adj. 多变的多变的 n& v. 变化变化19 n. 分离，分开分离，分开 vt. & adj. 分离，分开；不同的，各自的分离，分开；不同的，各自的reservationreservereserve threatenthreatchangeablechangeseparationseparate考纲知识预览考纲知识预览20 vt. 建造建造 n. 建造建造21 vt. 采用采用 n. 收养；收养；采用采用22 adj. 想得周到的，体贴的想得周到的，体贴的 vt. 考虑；认为考虑；认为 n. 考虑考虑23 n. 资金资金 adj. 财政财政的；金融的的；金融的construct constructionadopt adoption considerate considerconsideration financefinancial考纲知识预览考纲知识预览24 n. 政治政治(活动活动) adj. 政治的政治的 n. 政治家政治家25 vt. 削尖削尖 adj. 尖尖的；锐利的的；锐利的26 vt. 计算，算出计算，算出 n. 计算计算 n. 计算器计算器politicspoliticalpoliticiansharpensharpcalculatecalculationcalculator考纲知识预览考纲知识预览1 摆脱，脱离摆脱，脱离2 超出超出的控的控制；不受制；不受的控制的控制3 展望未来展望未来4 提到；涉及；参考；查阅提到；涉及；参考；查阅5 依次；转而依次；转而6 引起，导致引起，导致7 采取行动采取行动高频短语高频短语break away frombeyond ones controllook aheadrefer toin turn lead to take action 考纲知识预览考纲知识预览8 除除以外以外9 (对已产生的不良后果对已产生的不良后果)负责任负责任10 要求结要求结束束11 实际上实际上12 代表代表13 掠去，夺走掠去，夺走14 总的来说总的来说15 导致导致16 祝一切顺利祝一切顺利apart fromanswer for call for an end to sth.as a matter of fact on somebodys behalf carry off all in allresult inall the best考纲知识预览考纲知识预览 1 the suns rays would bounce back into space the Earth cold and impossible to live on. 如果没有这些自然存在的气体，太阳的如果没有这些自然存在的气体，太阳的光线将会离开地球，返回到太空，使地球变光线将会离开地球，返回到太空，使地球变得寒冷，人类将无法居住。得寒冷，人类将无法居住。常考句型常考句型Without these naturally occurringleavinggases考纲知识预览考纲知识预览2. this data， the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.鉴于这些数据，好像人类活动与正在升鉴于这些数据，好像人类活动与正在升高的地球温度之间的联系并不仅仅是巧合。高的地球温度之间的联系并不仅仅是巧合。Givenit seems that 考纲知识预览考纲知识预览 3 the Titanic was the largest, the most beautiful, the most technologically advanced and the safest ship ，and this made people believe that it was unsinkable. 人们声称泰坦尼克号是所造的最大、最人们声称泰坦尼克号是所造的最大、最豪华、技术最高超、最安全的船只，这就使豪华、技术最高超、最安全的船只，这就使人们相信它是不可能沉没的。人们相信它是不可能沉没的。It had been declared that that had ever been built名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛1. beyond prep.超出，为超出，为所不能所不能及；在及；在一边一边beyond the mountain 在山那边在山那边beyond midnight 午夜以后午夜以后beyond ones control/ repair 不受不受控制；无法修理控制；无法修理beyond ones reach 够不着，超出够不着，超出之外之外be beyond sb. 使人无法理解、想像使人无法理解、想像单词点击单词点击点对点点对点名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛beyond ones praise 夸不胜夸夸不胜夸beyond ones power 超出某人权限超出某人权限beyond ones understanding 无法理解无法理解The road continues beyond the village up into the hills.那条路经过村子后又往上延伸到群山那条路经过村子后又往上延伸到群山中。中。Most people do not choose to work beyond the normal retirement age.大多数人过了通常的退休年龄后便不再大多数人过了通常的退休年龄后便不再工作。工作。名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛The town centre had changed beyond all recognition.镇中心已变得完全认不出来了。镇中心已变得完全认不出来了。Its beyond me why she wants to marry Jeff.我无法理解她为什么要嫁给杰夫。我无法理解她为什么要嫁给杰夫。名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛1This new model of car is so expensive that it is_the reach of those with average incomes.AoverBwithinCbeyond Dbelow解析解析：选选C。beyond 在此意为在此意为“超超出出”。A选项有一定的干扰性，选项有一定的干扰性，over 后跟数后跟数字，表示字，表示“多于多于”。名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛2. condemn vt.宣判死刑，注定毁灭宣判死刑，注定毁灭condemn sb.for/as sth.由于由于而谴责某人而谴责某人to sth. 迫使某人接受困境（或不愉迫使某人接受困境（或不愉 快的状况）快的状况）to do sth.（某人）注定要（某人）注定要condemn sth.for/as sth.由于由于而不赞成而不赞成/指责某物指责某物condemn sb.s behaviour 谴责某人的举动谴责某人的举动be condemned to 被宣告被宣告名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛The editor of the newspaper was condemned as lacking integrity.这家报纸的编辑被指责不够正直。这家报纸的编辑被指责不够正直。He was found guilty and condemned to be shot.他被判有罪，处以枪决。他被判有罪，处以枪决。The meat was condemned as unfit for human consumption.这种肉已不适合人们食用。这种肉已不适合人们食用。As an old person, one is often condemned to live alone.老人经常出于无奈而独自生活。老人经常出于无奈而独自生活。名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛2Poor education_many young people to lowpaid jobs.Acaused BcondemnedCcontributed Dconducted解析解析：选选B。condemn sb. to sth.把某人把某人逼到某种境地或状态。逼到某种境地或状态。名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛3. substitute n代替品，代用品代替品，代用品vt.用用代替代替vi.替代，取代替代，取代（1）a substitute for. 的代替者的代替者a milk/ meat substitute 代乳代乳/肉制品肉制品（2）substitute A for B=(substitute B with A) 用用A代替代替/取代取代Bsubstitute for 代替，取代代替，取代名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛Butter can be substituted with margarine in this recipe.做这道菜可以用人造黄油代替黄油。做这道菜可以用人造黄油代替黄油。The local bus service was a poor substitute for their car.他们坐当地的公交车，这比坐自己的汽他们坐当地的公交车，这比坐自己的汽车可差远了。车可差远了。名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛replace，substitute(1)replace多指以新换旧，以好换坏，多指以新换旧，以好换坏，常与介词常与介词with 连用。连用。replace A with B用用B替换替换A(2)substitute 多指多指“暂时代替或代理暂时代替或代理”的意思，常与介词的意思，常与介词for连用。连用。比较网站比较网站名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛Nothing can substitute for the advice your doctor is able to give you.大夫所能给你大夫所能给你的忠告是无可替代的。的忠告是无可替代的。(牛津牛津P1763)Teachers will never be replaced by computers in the classroom.课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。(牛津牛津P1469)名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛3It is wise of you to_welltrained workers _untrained ones in the assembly line.Asubstitute；forBsubstitute；withCreplace；by Dreplace；with解析：解析：选选A。substitute.for.用前者代用前者代替后者，其余三项均为用后者代替前者。替后者，其余三项均为用后者代替前者。名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛4. nsignificant adj.无关紧要的，价值无关紧要的，价值不大的，无意义的不大的，无意义的an insignificant difference 微不足道的微不足道的差别差别have great significance for.对对有重有重大意义的大意义的be of great/little significance 重要的重要的/无无关紧要的关紧要的be of significance=be significant有重大有重大的意义的意义名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛be of significance与与be of+value/ importance/ use/help（=be+valuable/important/useful/helpful）是类似的。是类似的。Looking at the Earth from space makes you realize how small and insignificant we all are.从太空看地球，会使你发现我们都是多么渺从太空看地球，会使你发现我们都是多么渺小。小。(朗文朗文P1015)So far, research has not produced anything of very great significance.迄今为止，研究尚未产生任何具有重大意义的迄今为止，研究尚未产生任何具有重大意义的结果。结果。(朗文朗文P1848)名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛4.完成句子完成句子这种新药对治疗这种疾病有重大的意这种新药对治疗这种疾病有重大的意义。义。The new drug has great_ the treatment of the disease.答案：答案：significance for名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛5. claim vt.声称；要求；认领声称；要求；认领 n要要求；索赔；主张求；索赔；主张claim sth.要求要求/索要某物索要某物claim+thatclause 声称声称claim sth. for sb. for sth.因某事向某人索取因某事向某人索取某物某物claim on sth.对某事物的权利对某事物的权利claim sth.back要回某物；索回要回某物；索回Its claimed that.有人声称有人声称名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛Gascoigne claimed hed been dining with friends at the time of the murder.加斯科因声称，凶案发生时自己正与朋加斯科因声称，凶案发生时自己正与朋友们进餐。（朗文友们进餐。（朗文P318）Doctors claimed to have discovered a cure for the disease.医生声称已经找到了治疗该疾病的方医生声称已经找到了治疗该疾病的方法。（朗文法。（朗文P318）They put in a claim on the insurance for the stolen luggage.他们在行李被偷后向保险公司提出索赔他们在行李被偷后向保险公司提出索赔要求。（朗文要求。（朗文P318）名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛5You may be my sister，but that doesnt mean you have any_on me.Aclaims BintervalsCjustice Dextension答案：答案：A名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛6Every citizen in our country may_the protection of the law.Aannounce BsuggestCbeg DClaim解析：解析：选选D。句意：我国的每一个公民句意：我国的每一个公民都有得到法律保护的权力。都有得到法律保护的权力。announce 宣宣告，发表；告，发表；suggest 建议，暗示；建议，暗示；beg 请请求，乞求。作为公民是有权利得到法律保护求，乞求。作为公民是有权利得到法律保护的，故的，故claim符合句意。符合句意。名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛6. threaten vt. 恐吓；威胁；预示恐吓；威胁；预示(危险危险)threat n恐吓；威胁；恶兆恐吓；威胁；恶兆threatening adj.恐吓的恐吓的threaten sb. with sth. 用某事用某事/物威胁某人物威胁某人threaten to do sth.恐吓说要做某事恐吓说要做某事threaten rain/a storm 预示着有雨预示着有雨/风暴风暴threaten to rain/snow 预示着要下雨预示着要下雨/雪雪a threat to the whole country 国家的祸根国家的祸根threatening letters 恐吓信恐吓信名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛The boss often threatens his employees with dismissal.老板经常以开除要挟雇员。老板经常以开除要挟雇员。The hijackers threatened to kill all the passengers if their demands were not met.劫机者扬言若不满足他们的要求，就把劫机者扬言若不满足他们的要求，就把所有乘客都杀死。所有乘客都杀死。The black clouds threaten a storm.那些乌云预示着有暴风雨。那些乌云预示着有暴风雨。It threatens to rain.有下雨之势。有下雨之势。名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛7The robber tried to escape and_ me with a knife.Athreatened Bwas threatenedCpointed Dshocked解析解析：选选A。threaten sb.with sth.以以相威胁。相威胁。名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛7. given prep.& n考虑到；假设事考虑到；假设事实；实；adj. 特定的，预定的；沉溺于特定的，预定的；沉溺于的；的；有有习惯的习惯的adj. 特定的，预定的；沉溺于特定的，预定的；沉溺于的；的；有有习惯的习惯的at any given time/point 在任何特定的时在任何特定的时间间/地点地点be given to (doing) sth.经常做；习惯于经常做；习惯于take sth. as given 想当然想当然given that（given看作连词）虽然看作连词）虽然（有（有的事实）的事实）名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛【注意注意】given 作形容词，表示作形容词，表示“特特定的，预定的定的，预定的”时，一般只用于名词之前。时，一般只用于名词之前。At a given time well all start shouting and cheering.在预定时间，我们大家都要开始高声欢在预定时间，我们大家都要开始高声欢呼。呼。(朗文朗文P824)She is given to making wild accusations.她往往作出荒唐的指控。她往往作出荒唐的指控。(朗文朗文P824)Given the circumstances, youve coped well.名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛考虑到各种情况，你已经算是处理得很考虑到各种情况，你已经算是处理得很好了。好了。(朗文朗文P824)Given that there was so little time, I think theyve done a good job.考虑到没有多少时间，我认为他们算是考虑到没有多少时间，我认为他们算是做得不错了。做得不错了。(朗文朗文P824)名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛8_time, hell make much progress in his English.AHaving given BTo giveCGiving DGiven解析解析：选选D。此题考查此题考查given的用法。此的用法。此题中题中given 为介词，意为为介词，意为“如果有，假定如果有，假定有有”。句意：如果有时间，他的英语将会有。句意：如果有时间，他的英语将会有大的进步。大的进步。名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛8. means n. C 方法；手段方法；手段by all means 务必；一定；当然可以务必；一定；当然可以by any means 无论如何无论如何by no means 决不（用于句首时引起部决不（用于句首时引起部分倒装）分倒装）by this/these means 用这种用这种/这些办法这些办法by means of 依靠依靠方法，借助方法，借助手段手段名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛Taking a plane is the quickest means of getting there.去那儿最快的方式是坐飞机。去那儿最快的方式是坐飞机。All possible means have been tried.Every possible means has been tried.所有所有(每一种每一种)可能的办法都已经试过可能的办法都已经试过了。了。This plan must be realized by all means.这个计划必须完成。这个计划必须完成。名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛Thoughts are expressed by means of words.思想靠语言来表达。思想靠语言来表达。By no means should he be left alone.绝不能把他单独留下。绝不能把他单独留下。名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛9May I have a word with you?_.Im not busy, anyway.ABy no means BBy all meansCBy means of DBy any means解析解析：选选B。根据根据Im not busy，anyway.推断推断“我我”同意和你说话。同意和你说话。by all means“当然可以当然可以”，符合句意。，符合句意。名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛单项填空单项填空Fruit juices can be_to your teeth，so if you drink too much，it may cause great_.AharmBharmlessCharmful单词巧记单词巧记名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛解析：解析：选选C；A。be harmful to.cause/ do harm to.表示表示“对对有害有害”。句意：果汁。句意：果汁可能会对你的牙齿有害，因此如果你喝得太多可能会对你的牙齿有害，因此如果你喝得太多的话，可能会的话，可能会(对你的牙齿对你的牙齿)造成极大破坏。造成极大破坏。名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛归纳与比较：归纳与比较：n.fuladj.-fuln.adj.后缀后缀-ful(充充满满的；的；有有性性质或质或倾向倾向的的)success(成功成功)successful(成功的成功的)pain(疼痛；痛苦疼痛；痛苦)painful(痛的；痛苦的痛的；痛苦的)power(力量；权力力量；权力)powerful(强有力的；有权势的强有力的；有权势的) shame(羞耻；羞愧羞耻；羞愧)shameful(可耻的；丢脸的可耻的；丢脸的)cheer(欢呼；喝彩欢呼；喝彩)cheerful(快乐的；高兴的快乐的；高兴的)meaning(意义；意思意义；意思) meaningful(有意义的；重要的有意义的；重要的)hope(希望希望)hopeful(满怀希望的；给人以满怀希望的；给人以希望的希望的)名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛【经典案例经典案例】After his_performance at Chicagos Ravinia Festival, gigs(特邀演出特邀演出)in Lincoln Center and Carnegie Hall started pouring in.Asuccessful BcheerfulCrespectful Dmeaningful【解析解析】这里指他在芝加哥获得这里指他在芝加哥获得“成成功功”以后，特邀演出纷纷而至，所以选以后，特邀演出纷纷而至，所以选A符符合题意。合题意。【答案答案】A名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛9. lead to引起，导致，通往，通到引起，导致，通往，通到lead sb. to sth.使得出（观点），引导某使得出（观点），引导某人人lead sb. to do sth.使某人干某事使某人干某事lead sb. to+n. 带领某人通往带领某人通往/到到lead sb.in doing sth.带领某人做某事带领某人做某事短语扫描短语扫描线连线线连线名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛The bank has offered a reward for any information leading to the arrest of the men.银行悬赏情报，以便将这些人绳之以银行悬赏情报，以便将这些人绳之以法。法。(朗文朗文P1105)An official led me along the corridor to a large office.一位官员领我沿着走廊走到一间大办公一位官员领我沿着走廊走到一间大办公室。室。(朗文朗文P1103)What led you to take up acting as a career?是什么让你开始从事演艺事业的？是什么让你开始从事演艺事业的？(朗朗文文P1104)名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛10As is known to us all, eating too much sugar can_health problems.Arun acrossBcome toCmeet with Dlead to名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛解析解析：选选D。句意：我们大家都知道，句意：我们大家都知道，吃过多的糖会引发健康问题。吃过多的糖会引发健康问题。run across 无无意中碰到；意中碰到； come to 来到；共有；谈到；来到；共有；谈到；meet with 遇见遇见/到，碰到；到，碰到；lead to 导致，引导致，引起，符合语境。起，符合语境。名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛10. on sb.s behalf 代表代表on behalf of sb.=on sb.s behalfin behalf of sb.=in sb.s behalf US都可表示都可表示“做某人的代表或代言人；为做某人的代表或代言人；为了帮助某人了帮助某人”。名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛Im here on behalf of my family to give our regards to you.我在这里代表我们全家向你问候。我在这里代表我们全家向你问候。I paid the money on your behalf. 我替你付了钱。我替你付了钱。We collected money in behalf of the poor students.我们为帮助贫困学生而募捐。我们为帮助贫困学生而募捐。名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛11完成句子完成句子(1)I am appealing_ _(代表代表)the famine victims.答案：答案：on behalf of(2)_(代代表表)my colleagues and myself Id like to give a warm welcome to you all.答案：答案：On behalf of名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛11.【教材原句教材原句】Without these naturally occurring gases, the suns rays would bounce back into space leaving the Earth cold and impossible to live on.如果没有这些自然存在的气体，太阳的如果没有这些自然存在的气体，太阳的光线将会离开地球，返回到太空，使地球变光线将会离开地球，返回到太空，使地球变得寒冷，人类将无法居住。得寒冷，人类将无法居住。句型探究句型探究面对面面对面名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛【句法分析句法分析】(1)without 在本句中表在本句中表示一个假设的条件，后面的主句中用示一个假设的条件，后面的主句中用“woulddo”表示对将来的虚拟，像这样表示对将来的虚拟，像这样表假设条件的介词还有表假设条件的介词还有but for；连词；连词or, otherwise，它们引导的句子在英语中称为，它们引导的句子在英语中称为含蓄条件句。含蓄条件句。Without/But for your help, I wouldnt have done it well.没有你的帮助我不会干得很好的。没有你的帮助我不会干得很好的。名师一线讲坛名师一线讲坛(2)leaving the Earth cold and impo