2014年高考英语一轮复习语法专题课件16：定语从句复习应注意的问题.ppt

热身：热身：(安徽卷安徽卷)34. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it. A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom.(江苏卷江苏卷)33. He was educated at the local high school, _ he went on to Beijing University. A. after which B. after that C. in which D. in that (上海卷上海卷)37. His movie won several awards at the film festival, _ was beyond his wildest dream. A. which B. that C. where D. it(浙江卷浙江卷)14. Chans restaurant on Baker Street, _ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. A. that B. which C. who D. whereDAAB一、引导定语从句的关系词一、引导定语从句的关系词指代人指代人 whowho，whomwhom，thatthat指代事物指代事物 whichwhich，thatthat所属关系所属关系 whosewhose，of whichof which指地点指地点 wherewhere指时间指时间 whenwhen指原因指原因 whywhy二、关系代词二、关系代词that和和which在很多情况下可以互在很多情况下可以互换，但下列情况只用换，但下列情况只用that。All _ can be done has been done.Do you have anything _ you dont understand ?There is little _ can be believed about it .The book doesnt say much _ amuses children.that thatthat that先行词是先行词是all ,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用等不定代词，引导定语从句用that 。Hamburg is the most beautiful city _Ive ever seen.This is the best TV _ is made in China.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum. thatthatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that 。Ive read all the books _ you lent me.No sample _ we nave received is satisfactory.Please send us any information _ you have about the subject.He is the only person _ was present at the time. that that that that先行词被先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时，引导定语从句用修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.A victim is a person,animal or thing _ suffers pain,death,harm,etc. thatthat先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用句用that .Who _ you have ever seen can do it better ?Who _ you are talking to is the young fellow ? that thatWho做先行词时，引导定语从句用做先行词时，引导定语从句用that 。Well done !三、不用三、不用that，而用，而用which，who，whom的情况的情况He made the same mistakes again ,_ made his parents very angry.Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 yuan .Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for along time.whichwhichwhowhom在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用指人用who或或whom。Her bag ,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars.Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.whichwhichwhom在介词后面，指事物用在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用，指人用whom。 注意：如何判断介词注意：如何判断介词The girl _ which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.He is the man _ whom I think you can depend .1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配foron2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.Dolphins might be trained to cooperate with fishermen and help them by finding or even catching fish, _ all of which activities dolphins are expert.within3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配搭配The rate _ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.This is our classroom ,_ which there is a teachers desk.atin the front ofThe committee consists of 20 members,5 of _ are women.The book contains 50 poems, most of _ was written in 1930s.There are two left, one of _ is almost finished ,and the other of _ is not quite. I have a sentence , the meaning of _ I dont understand.whomwhichwhichwhichwhich名词名词/代词代词/数词数词+ of +which/whomWhere 引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词，用来引导定语从句。象名词，用来引导定语从句。Where 在从句中在从句中作状语。作状语。This is the town where (= in which ) I spent my childhood.The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.Ill show you the paint where you failed.The plants grow well _there is a lot of rain.where状语从句状语从句注意注意 1 1区分区分where引导的定语从句和状引导的定语从句和状语从句语从句Where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则则是状语从句。When you read books ,you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions.When you read books , you had better make a mark where you have any questions.定语从句状语从句注意注意 2 2若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或或that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。The library _ students often study was on fire last night.The library, _ was built in the 1930s,needs repairing.The library _ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.wherewhichwhichWhen 引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。先行词是表示时间的名词，用先行词是表示时间的名词，用when引导定引导定语从句。在从句作状语。语从句。在从句作状语。Ill never forget the day when (= on which ) I met you.This was the time when ( =at which ) he left for Beijing .We will put off the outing until next week, when we wont be busy.注意注意：若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或或that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park.Ill never forget the time _ I spent on campus.Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you.whenwhichthatwhichthatwhy引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。先行词是表示原因的名词，用引导定语从句。从句先行词是表示原因的名词，用引导定语从句。从句作状语。作状语。This is the reason why ( = for which ) I didnt come here.The reason _ she gave was not true.whichthatwhose 引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。表示所属关系。表示所属关系。The river _ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.whoseThere are in this class 20 students, _ are different.A.whose backgrounds B.the backgrounds of whomC.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose引导词的作用你明白了吗？引导词的作用你明白了吗？1 1、连接主句和从句；、连接主句和从句；2 2、替代先行词；、替代先行词；3 3、在从句中充当成分。、在从句中充当成分。As 和和 Which 的区别的区别1. These houses are sold at such a low price _ people expected.2. He is not the same man _ he was.3. We moved the stone away from the road, _ took us an hour.4. He died of cancer, _ is expected.aswhichasas7. He made a long speech, _ was expected.8. He made a long speech, _ was unexpected.9. Tom drinks a lot every day, _ his wife doesnt like at all.whichwhichas5. He must be from Canada, _ is clear from his books.6. He invited me to dinner, _ was kind of him.whichassuch + 名词名词 +as +从句从句the same +名词名词+ as +从句从句像、一样的，像、之类像、一样的，像、之类和、同类的和、同类的as 在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语。在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语。WhichWhich 代替前面的句子，表示代替前面的句子，表示“这一点，这件事这一点，这件事”As As 代替前面的句子，表示代替前面的句子，表示“正如，好像正如，好像”当从句是主系表结构时：当从句是主系表结构时：As As ：主句是一种判断，从句说明理由：主句是一种判断，从句说明理由（因为）（因为）WhichWhich：主句是一个事实，从句是一种评：主句是一个事实，从句是一种评价。价。当主句和从句语义一致时，用当主句和从句语义一致时，用as as当两句语义不一致或从句为否定当两句语义不一致或从句为否定时，用时，用whichwhich1. After living in Paris for 50 years, he returned to the small town _he grew up as a child.A. which B. where C. that D. when2. I never forget the days _ we spent together.A. that B. when C. whose D. what3. Have you seen the film “Brokenback Mountain” , _leading actor is world famous?A. its B. its C. whose D. which BAC4. This is the book _ I paid ten yuan. A. for which B. for that C. which D. off which5. The teacher discussed with Jim, _ problem was poor study habits. A. one of which B. one of whose C. whose D. which 6. The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom ABC7. There are two buildings, _ stands nearly a hundred feet high. A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which 8. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk frequently. A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom 9. The film brought the hours back to me_ I was taken good care of in that faraway village. A. until B. that C. when D. whereDDC10. I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay. A. what B. which C. where D. when11. Do you know the girl to _ your class teacher is talking? A. that B. whom C. who D. which 12.The factory _ his mother works is in the east of the city.A. That B. which C. on which D. whereCBD13. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B. 不填不填 C. which D. it14. Her hand was struck out of the second story window, _ she could pick the apples on the tree. A. There B. from where C. in which D. from which15. Tom as well as his friends who _ football matches _ to school today. A. likes, hasnt gone B. likes, havent gone C. like, hasnt gone D. like, havent goneABC 将引导词放入定语从句中，看其充当的将引导词放入定语从句中，看其充当的成分，如果充当主、宾、表，用关系代词；成分，如果充当主、宾、表，用关系代词；如果充当状语，用关系副词。根据其在从句如果充当状语，用关系副词。根据其在从句中的搭配选择相应的介词中的搭配选择相应的介词+which+which。 根据定语从句中所缺成分来确定是用关根据定语从句中所缺成分来确定是用关系代词还是关系副词系代词还是关系副词, ,决不要因为先行词是时决不要因为先行词是时间名词就用间名词就用when, when, 是地点名词就用是地点名词就用where.where.解题要领解题要领: :选择引导词的总原则：选择引导词的总原则：定语从句的运用定语从句的运用: :A letter to TomA letter to Tom我收到了你上周的来信我收到了你上周的来信. .谢谢你寄的照片谢谢你寄的照片. .我常常想起我们一起度过的时光我常常想起我们一起度过的时光. .那座顶那座顶上有只海鸥的纪念碑真漂亮上有只海鸥的纪念碑真漂亮. .你还记得那你还记得那个湖吗个湖吗? ?我们在那还照过一张相呢我们在那还照过一张相呢. .和我们和我们一起玩的那些小朋友还好吗一起玩的那些小朋友还好吗? ?另外另外, ,我有一我有一本绿色封面的书丢在你那了本绿色封面的书丢在你那了. .请帮我寄来请帮我寄来. . I have received the letter you posted last week. Thanks for the photos you sent. I often think of the time we spent together. The monument on top of which there is a seagull is really beautiful. Do you still remember the lake where we had a picture taken? How are the children who played with us? Besides, I had a book left in your house the cover of which is green. Please send it to me.Dear Tom, I have received the letter that you sent to me last week.Thanks for the photoes which are in the letter sent by you.I always think of the happy time that we spent together.T he roof which there is memorial that a sea gull on it is really very beautiful.Do you remember the lake which we took a photo there?And how is the children with whom we enjoyed the wonderful time .Besides,I left a book with the green cover in your home ,which could you send for me.