辽宁省六校协作体2022-2022学年高一英语上学期入学考试试题含解析.doc

辽宁省六校协作体2022-2022学年高一英语上学期入学考试试题含解析第二局部 阅读理解(共两节, 总分值40分)第一节(共15小题; 每题2分, 总分值30分)AI remember the first time I got on a horse. When I was a little boy aged two, my mom agreed to let me take a short ride and that was it! From then on, I drove my parents crazy begging for a horse.When I was four, I had mutism, in which children stop speaking in certain social situations. I went days, weeks, months without a sound at school. At most, I might quietly whisper to a friend. I suffered silently through school until I was ten when a psychologist (心理学家) had an idea. He asked me what I wanted more than anything else in the world. He explained I was going to be given a chance to work for that. And I was permitted to whisper the answer in my mothers ear, “A horse.I was to get a pony, but I had to live up to my end of the bargain (讲价). I had a list of weekly tasks I had to finish. I had to answer the phone five times per week, something I had never done before. I had to say one word to my teacher at school and the list went on. For a child with mutism, saying one word to someone can be like climbing Mount Qomolangma. I did everything that was asked of me and the day came. His name was Sequoia, whom I fell in love with immediately. When I was in Sequoias presence, I forgot all about my problems and felt strong and secure.I am a fully participating member of society these days. My horse and I made it through a masters degree. I may have made it otherwise but Im not sure. I feel I owe my life to the horse and I try to give it back to him. He has given me the best gift I could ever imagine, my life.1. What was the situation like when the author was four?A. He didnt say a word at all.B. He learned how to ride a horse.C. He found his classmates unfriendly.D. He had difficulty in communicating.2. What can we infer about the author from Paragraph 3?A. He completed some tasks easily.B. He pushed himself extremely hard.C. He fell in love with Sequoia gradually.D. He found the psychologists idea useless.3. What is the authors purpose of writing the text?A. To share his unfortunate childhood.B. To give tips on how to cure mutism.C. To show his deep gratefulness to his horse.D. To encourage kids struggling against mutism.【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者的亲身经历，作者在四岁的时候，语言沟通出现障碍，心理学家想到一个方法，让作者通过完成说话任务得到了他从小就梦想拥有的一匹小马，这匹小马的到来，治愈了作者所有的问题，使作者感觉到强大和平安的，作者十分感谢这匹小马。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“When I was four, I had mutism, in which children stop speaking in certain social situations. I went days, weeks, months without a sound at school. At most, I might quietly whisper to a friend.可知，我四岁的时候在一些社交场合不说话，在学校几天，几周或者几个月也不发一声，最多同朋友说悄悄话。可见，作者在语言沟通上出现了障碍，应选D。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段可知，心理学家想出一个方法，让作者通过完成说话任务得到小马，而对于一个有不言症的孩子来说，说话是一件十分困难的事情，而作者又特别渴望得到小马，因此推断作者应该是极其努力的逼迫自己去完成说话任务，应选B。3题详解】推理判断题。此题是根据文章来推断作者写作目的。根据文章最后一段可知作者可以完全的参与社会活动，这都归功于作者的马，并且作者认为这匹小马给了他生命，赋予他力量，因此作者写这匹文章的目的就是要感谢这匹小马，应选C。【点睛】写作意图与文章主题不同，但与主题关系密切。文章主旨是中心思想，文章大意，而写作意图是阐述为什么要表达这个中心思想，等于文章大意+论述方法。作者意图题需要具有归纳和推理的能力，根据细节给出合理的判断。在阅读中，作者并不会把写作意图表达出来，需要读者在整体语篇阅读的根底上，对全篇的逻辑关系进行研究，以及细节的暗示，推断作者的态度。小题3作者根据对小马赋予作者再次生活的力量和信息的细节描述可推断作者的目的就是要感谢这匹小马。BPolish President Andrzej Duda has signed a bill into law that largely limits trade on Sundays, saying it will benefit family life.The legislation立法, worked out by the government and the Polish trade union, is expected to draw protests from large western supermarket chains that are the main target of the law. A large part of their profit is earned on weekends.As of March 1, shops and markets are closed on two Sundays per month; in 2022 only one Sunday a month will be open for shopping; and starting in 2022, there will be no Sunday shopping with a few exceptions.Duda praised the law as giving children a chance to be with parents and giving shop workers some needed time off. He also said big traders will need to adjust their practices to the new system and asked them for “understanding. But critics say some of them make employees work long hours for modest pay.“A family should be together on Sundays, Olszewska said after buying some food at a local Biedronka, a large discount supermarket chain. She said that before she retired she served cold cuts in a grocery store, and was grateful she never had to work on Sundays.There are some exceptions to the ban. For instance, gas stations, cafes, pharmacies and some other businesses are allowed to keep operating on Sundays.Anyone breaking the new rules faces a fine of up to 100,000 zlotys $ 29,500, while repeat offenders may face a prison sentence. Polish trade union appealed to people to report any violators to the National Labor Inspectorate, a state body.4. Who will get some loss from the bill according to the passage?A. The polish President Andrzej Duda.B. Some large western supermarket chains.C. All the markets in Poland.D. Some common Polish families.5. What can we infer from Paragraph 4?A. Children had no time to play with their parents before.B. Duda paid great attention to the shop workers.C. Some workers will work extra hours on weekdays.D. All the businesses will make adjustments to the bill.6. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Family life will be more important than shopping in Poland.B. More and more western supermarket chains will leave Poland.C. The supermarket employees will have no job on Sundays in Poland.D. Sunday shopping will be limited by the government in Poland.【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是在波兰周日购物将受到波兰政府的限制。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中The legislation立法, worked out by the government and the Polish trade union, is expected to draw protests from large western supermarket chains that are the main target of the law.可知，根据这一法案，一些西方大型连锁超市将从法案中得到一些损失。应选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句But critics say some of them make employees work long hours for modest pay.可知，一些工人在工作日会多工作几个小时。应选C。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段Polish President Andrzej Duda has signed a bill into law that largely limits trade on Sundays, saying it will benefit family life.可知，周日购物将受到波兰政府的限制。应选D。CSomething FunA person is on trial for murder in a court room in Oklahoma. There is strong evidence indicating that he is guilty有罪的. However, the body is not found.In the defenses (辩护方) closing speech, the lawyer, knowing that his client (委托人) is guilty and that it looks like hell probably be seriously punished, decided to play a clever trick.“Ladies and gentlemen of the jury (陪审团), I have a surprise for you all, the lawyer says as he looks at his watch. “Within one minute, the person assumed dead in this case will walk into this court room, he says and he looks towards the court-room door. The jury, somewhat surprised, looks at the door eagerly. A minute passes. Nothing happens.Finally the lawyer says, “Actually, I made up the previous statement. But you all waited with expectation. I, therefore, put it to you that there is a reasonable doubt in this case as to whether anyone was killed and insist that you pass a judgment of not guilty.The jury, clearly confused, back off to discuss.A very few minutes later, the jury returned and one of them pronounces a verdict (裁决) of guilty.“But how? asks the lawyer in surprise. “You must have had some doubt; I saw all of you stare at the door.Answers the jury member, “Oh, we did look. But your client didnt.7. Why was the person on trial according to the passage?A. Because he couldnt pay off the debts.B. Because he probably killed somebody.C. Because he didnt pay the tax in time.D. Because he planned to cheat the jury.8. Why did the lawyer come up with the trick?A. To find the body.B. To frighten the jury.C. To help his client.D. To save himself.9. Why did the jury look at the door eagerly?A. The lawyers words must be true.B. They expected his family to come in.C. They were surprised and cheated by the lawyer.D. They thought the person on trial was escaping.10. What did the jury members answer mean in the last paragraph?A. They firmly believed that nobody was killed.B. The behaviour of the client gave him away.C. The jury still needed more evidence to prove it.D. The lawyers words were worth thinking about.【答案】7. B 8. C 9. C 10. B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述在俄克拉荷马州一间法庭上审判犯人的一个小故事。辩方律师想通过小把戏为其当事人谋得无罪释放，但最终陪审团识破而且判处当事人有罪。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据“There is strong evidence indicating that he is guilty有罪的. However, the body is not found.可知已经有强有力的证据证明当事人是有罪的，只不过还没有找到尸体，因此当事人可能是因为杀人罪而被审判的，应选B。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“In the defenses (辩护方) closing speech, the lawyer, knowing that his client (委托人) is guilty and that it looks like hell probably be seriously punished, decided to play a clever trick.可知，这位律师知道他的委托人是有罪的并且会受到严重的惩罚，但是作为律师，他的职责就是要帮助他的当事人摆脱罪名，因此他决定玩小把戏是为了帮助他的当事人摆脱罪名，应选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“The jury, somewhat surprised, looks at the door eagerly. A minute passes. Nothing happens. 可知陪审团对于律师的话感到很惊讶，但是最终什么也没发生，因此陪审团知道是被律师骗了，应选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据 “Answers the jury member, “Oh, we did look. But your client didnt. 可知陪审团成员的意思是我们确实盯着门看，但是当事人没有，因此推断出当事人不相信律师的话，应选B。D Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms. Certain microorganisms微生物cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release释放poisons that make people sick. Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops. Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms. When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous. Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.11. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Food when poisoned can make people sick.B. Food poisoning means death.C. Food poisoning comes in varieties.D. Food poisoning can be serious.12. We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning_.A. are always accompanied by a feverB. are too common to be notedC can be noticed within hoursD. can he ignored13. Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT_A. some chemicalsB. low temperaturesC. some tiny living thingsD. certain natural materials14. From Paragraph 5,we can learn that_A. mushrooms should not be eatenB. vegetables are safer than meat and seafoodC. natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicalsD. different types of food should be handled differently15. It can be inferred from the passage that_A. natural materials are safe in food processingB. chemicals are needed in food processingC. food poisoning can be kept under controlD. food poisoning is out of control【答案】11. B 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. C【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了食品中毒的病症，原因以及教读者怎样储存食物防止变质和导致食品中毒。【11题详解】考查细节理解。由第一段中Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly.可知食品中毒都是致命的说法是错误的。选B。【12题详解】考查细节理解。由第一段The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.可知食物中毒的病症可以在数小时之内被发现，选C【13题详解】考查细节理解。由第五段Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from gnawing.可知low temperatures不能导致Food poisoning选 B【14题详解】考查推理判断。由第五段第一句话When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small.可以推测出当人们用恰当的方式处理食物时，食物中毒的风险就会很小。D恰当，A太绝对B。C无细节支持，应选D。【15题详解】考查推理判断。由文中第五段第一句话When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small.可推测出当人们用恰当的方式处理食物时，食物中毒的风险就会很小。食物中毒可以被控制。C正确。第二节(共5小题; 每题2分,总分值10分)根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。有两项为多余选项。Diet Myths Get the facts, or your diet may fail!Dieting is hard work, and there are plenty of “helpful diet tricks that can make weight loss even harder. _16_Carbs(含碳水化合物的食物) are bad for you. Carbohydrates are actually an important source of energy. There are good carbs and bad carbs. Some foods, like white bread or white rice, are example of bad carbs. Good carbs include whole wheat bread and brown rice. Theyre rich in fiber and really good for you!_17_ On the contrary, studies show that people who eat breakfast will eat fewer calories throughout the day. And if you know youre going to be eating a big meal later, dont starve yourself in order to save you calories. Youll just eat more during the meal because youre so hungry! Instead, eat smaller meals a couple days before and after, and exercise more.You can control where your body loses weight. Bad newsif you want a flatter stomach, just exercising your stomach wont work. _18_ Cardio(有氧运动) exercises will help burn fat, while weight training helps build muscles. Your “trouble areas might not be the first to slim down, but keep exercising!Your weight depends on your genes. _19_ While a “fat gene does exist, its influence on your size is small. Smart eating and exercise have a much greater effect than your genes. Only 25 percent of your weight is controlled by genes the rest is up to you.Say “no to junk food. Many people think that the key to losing weight is cutting out all bad foods. _20_ To lose weight and keep it off, eat great 80 percent of the time, but allow yourself in a treat or two the other 20 percent.A. You cant target where you lose weight.B. But the more strict your diet is, the more likely you are to break it and in a big way.C. Here are some common myths about losing weight and the truth behind them.D. Skipping meals helps you lose more weight.E. If you and your family have problems with obesity, youre not sure to be fat.F. Dont miss meals but exercise.G. Instead of choosing a difficult diet, find on