高中英语干货100个易错知识点(1).docx

高中英语干货 | 100 个易错知识点！01 名词1. He gave me a very good adviceyesterday.句中的 a 要去掉，因为 advice 是不可数名词。一些汉语概念为可数的词在英语中却是不可数的，表示数量时在其前加 a piece of，类似的词有：news, bread, work, paper, chalk, furniture, information 等等。2. That girl loves readingbook.可数名词单数不能孤零零地放在句子里，或前面加冠词，或将其变为复数。此处最好变为 books。3. He went into a books shop and bought adictionary.一般表示有生命的东西的名词的所有格用s，如 my mothers car, 而此处适宜用名词修饰名词，改为 a book shop。4. My family is watchingTV.一些集合名词如看成一个整体，那么用单数的谓语动词，如 My family is a happy one; 如强调集合中每个个体的个人行为，那么用复数的谓语动词。此处看电视是个体行为，应把 is 改为 are。类似的词有：team, class, audience 等。5. I bought some potatos and tomatos at thesupermarket.中学阶段以“o结尾的名词中有四个词变复数时要加 es，它们是 tomato, potato, Negro, hero; 其余的都加 s 变为复数。6. This has nothing to do with theirbelieves.这和他们的信仰没关系。以 f, fe 结尾的词变为复数时一般去 f, fe 加 ves，如 knifeknives, thiefthieves; 而 roof 和 belief 直接加 s 变为复数。所以应把 believes改为 beliefs。02 冠词7. The boss wants to hire an usefulperson.用 a 还是 an，取决于后面单词的第一个音标，如为元音用 an，为辅音用 a。useful 的第一个音是辅音，所以应把 an 改为 a。类似的，我们说 a European country。8. Plane is a machine that canfly.Plane为可数名词单数，不能单独放在句中，应在其前加冠词或把它变为复数，而本句后有amachine,因此只能在其前面加a，变为Aplane。9. He played a piano at the partyyesterday.把 a 改为 the ，因为乐器前用定冠词。10. The machine was invented in1920s.在 in 后加 the，因为表示年代用 in 加 the 再加几十的复数，如在八十年代 in the 80s。11. Xiao Hong went to school by the bus everyday.去掉 the，因为表示交通方式用 by 直接加交通工具。03 代词使用代词时请注意其单、复数，主、宾格以及形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法。12. He is one of those speakers who make his ideas perfectlyclear.定语从句的先行词是 those speakers，为复数，因此从句中的指示代词应为复数，应把 his 改为 their。13. Whom do you think has left the lightson？放在疑问句特殊疑问词后的 do you think / believe / guess / imagine / suppose 等都不参与句子成分，把它们去掉后，疑问词在句中做主语用主格，做宾语用宾格。本句中去掉 do you think 后缺的是主语，应把 Whom 改为 Who。14. The boss pretended not to see John andI.John 和 I 在句中都做宾语，应把 I 改为 me。15. These books are mine; those in the bag areher.Her 是形容词性物主代词，后面应该加名词 books，或把 her 改为 hers。04 数词16. There are fourteen hundreds students in ourschool.Hundred / thousand / million / score/ dozen 等词前有具体数字时后不加 s，前面没有具体数字时在其后加 s 和 of，表示大约几百几千的概念。如 two hundred students两百个学生，hundreds of students成百上千个学生。例句中应把 hundreds 改为 hundred。17. Their school is twice as larger as ourschool.表倍数关系的 as.as 中间只能用形容词或副词的原级。因此把 larger 改为 large。几个单词由连字符连接而组成的复合形容词中的名词只能用单数，所以把 five-hundred-words 改为 five-hundred-word。18. Two third of the students in our school are fromAmerica.英语表达中分数的分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于一时分母后要加 s，所以就把 third 改为 thirds。05 形容词和副词形容词和副词容易被误用，形容词和副词的比拟级和最高级也是应注意的重点。19. The patient appeared nervously when he talked to thedoctor.appear 在此是个系动词，其后应接形容词作表语。所以把 nervously 改为 nervous。此句需要一个副词来修饰，hardly 是副词，但意为“几乎不，hard 也可以是副词，表“努力地，因此把 hardly 改为 hard。20. This shirt is more cheaper than thatone.More 只构成比拟级，而不能修饰比拟级。因此把 more 去掉。21. He is the most successful of the twobusinessmen.两者相比拟时，比拟级前用定冠词，三者或三者以上才用 most，因此把 most 改为 more。22. He works less harder than he usedto.表不如 时用 less 加上形容词和副词的原级，因此把 harder 改为 hard。23. The book is fairly more interesting than thatone.fairly 只能修饰形容词和副词的原级，可以修饰比拟级的副词或短语有：much, even, still, far, a lot, a little, a bit, any, no, by far, rather 等，因此把 fairly 改为 rather。24. This is as an interesting a story as the one in themagazine.as as 中间的词序是 as 加上形容词加上 a(n)加上名词再加上 as，因此应改为 as interesting a story as the one。25. The weather here is nicer thanXizang.同样的事物才能相比拟，weather 和 Xizang 不具有可比性，因此应改为 The weather here is nicer than that of Xizang.26. You shouldn't stand too closely tohim.有些副词有两种形式，一个与形容词同形，一个以形容词-ly 构成，但他们有不同的含义。close 靠近、挨近；closely 紧密地，紧紧地27. I would rather take a train than went bybus.这个词组为 would rather do than do ，因此把 went 改为 go。28. Is there interesting anything at themeeting?修饰 anything, something, every-thing, nothing 的形容词都要放在它们的后面。29. I never have seen such a personbefore.像 never 之类的副词在句中应放在 be 动词、助动词之后，实意动词之前。因为应改为 I have never seen such a person before。30. The book is worth to beread.be worth doing 意为值得被做。因此改为 The book is worth reading。31. It is sure that he willsucceed.sure 的主语只能为人，而 certain 的主语可为人和物。因此把 sure 改为 certain。32. He is regarded as one of the best alive writers atpresent.alive 为表语形容词，偶尔也做后置定语。因此把 alive 改为 living，或把 alive 放在 writers 后面。33. I dont know that he has finished the workyet.yet 用于否认和疑问句，already 用于肯定句。把 yet 改为 already。34. He said nearly nothing at themeeting.nearly 不与否认词用在同一个句子中，而 almost 可以。因此把 nearly 改为 almost。06 介词35. He usually goes to school by his fatherscar.by 加上名词表示一种交通方式，中间什么都不加，如 by car, by bus, by plane 等；如果名词前有其他的词修饰，那么应用除 by 以外的其他介词，此处把 by 改为 in。36. Please wait me at the schoolgate.wait为不及物动词，需加介词 for后才能再跟名词或代词做宾语。37. HehasbeenmarriedwithBettyformorethantwentyyears.marry 不跟 with 连用，应把 with 改为 to。“在的帮助下用 with 而不用 under。07 情态动词38. He can be at home now because the light in his room is stillon.表特别有把握的肯定判断时用 must，表特别有把握的否认判断时用 can, can 表判断时只用在否认句中。因此把 can 改为 must。39. He used to get up very early in the morning, and now he is still doingso.used to 用来表示过去常常做某事而现在不了，所以应把后半句改为：but now he is not doing so.由于情态动词本身不表达时态，所以在谈论过去的事情时在情态动词后加 have done，因此在 neednt 后加 have。40. You hadnt better stay up too late because you have to get up earlytomorrow.had better 的否认在 better 后面加 not。08 动词的时态英语的常用时态有十六种，一般根据上下文和时间状语来确定时态。41. The meeting is about to begin in tenminutes.be about to 一般不与具体的时间状语连用。因此把 in ten minutes 去掉。42. The boy opened his eyes for a moment, looking at the captain and thendied.此处 look 并非伴随状语，而是三个并列的谓语动词，因此把 looking 改为 looked。43. I have bought this bike for ten years and I am still using itnow.当句中有 for 加一段时间作状语时，谓语动词必须为延续性动词，此处把 bought 改为 kept。44. I havent learnt any English before I camehere.我来这儿已经是过去的动作，在此之前发生的事应该用过去完成时。因此应把 havent 改为 hadnt。09 动词的语态及物动词用在主动语态时要有宾语，因此可以变为被动语态；不及物动词用于主动语态时不能接宾语，因此无被动语态。45. The two thieves have beendisappeared.disappear 为不及物动词，因此不能用于被动语态。所以把 been 去掉。46. The building built now will be our teachingbuilding.表“现在正在建的应用被动语态的正在进行时，因此在 built 前加 being。47. He is being operated by the famousdoctor.主动语态变为被动语态时，应注意短语动词的完整性，别忘了介词或副词。“给做手术应为 operate on sb，所以在 operated 后加上 on。48. I wonder if the doctor has beensent.原因同上，应在 sent 后加上 for。49. The book written by him is soldwell.说一本书畅销是指书本身的属性，因此不用被动语态。本句应改为：The book written by him sells well.50. This history book is worthyreading.“值得被做可以有如下几种说法：be worth doing; be worthy of being done; be worthy to be done. 因此本句应该为：This history book is worthy to be read.10 非谓语动词51. We are going to talk about the problem discussing at the lastmeeting.此处为分词作定语，问题应该被讨论，所以把 discussing 改为 discussed。52. The girl dressed herself in red is mysister.dress 为及物动词，意为“给穿衣服，此处为分词作定语修饰 girl, girl 应是它的逻辑宾语，因此把 herself 去掉。53. Being seriously ill, his class-mates sent him tohospital.分词作状语时，其逻辑主语为这句话的主语，此句应为“因为他病了，他的同学才把他送到医院去，因此把前半句改为：He being seriously ill.54. Having not seen her for many years, we could hardly recognizeher.现在分词的否认应把 not 放在现在分词前面，所以前半句应改为：Not having seen her for many years.55. Seeing from the space, the earth looks like aball.分词作状语，其逻辑主语应是这句话的主语，此句中地球应该被看，所以把 Seeing 改为 Seen。56. English is easy to learnit.此句中是不定式作状语, English 应该是 learn 的逻辑宾语，所以把 it 去掉。57. I will get somebody repair the recorder foryou.“让某人做某事可以有以下几种表达法：make sb do sth; have sb do sth; get sb to do sth，因此在 repair 前加 to。58. She decided to work harder in order to not fall behind theothers.不定式的否认把 not 放在 to 前面。因此应改为：She decided to work harder in order not to fall behind the others.59. Its better to laugh thancrying.表比拟时比拟的双方应为同种结构，因此应改为：Its better to laugh than to cry.60. Its no use to send for thedoctor.“做某事是没用的要说成 Its no use doing,所以把 to send 改为 sending。61. She practices to play the piano after school everyday.practise 后只跟动名词作宾语，因此把 to play 改为 playing。62. When the teacher came in, he stopped listening to theteacher.stop doing 为停止做这件事，而 stop to do 为停下来正在做的事去做这件事。所以后半句应该为：he stopped to listen to the teacher.11 名词性从句63. We are talking about if this plan should be carriedout.If 和 whether 都可以引导动词的宾语从句，如果从句做的是介词宾语，只能用 whether 引导。所以把 if 改为 whether。64. I can not decide if to stay ornot.只有 whether 才能和不定式搭配使用。因此把 if 改为 whether。表语从句的引导词如为 that，一般不省略。因此在 we 前加上 that。65. What will the professor say is not knownyet.名词性从句的语序都是陈述句语序。因此应改为：What the professor will say is not known yet.12 状语从句66. I will go unless he invites me.此句意为“除非他邀请我，否那么我不去。而 unless 相当于 if not, 所以本句应改成：I wont go unless he invites me。67. Although he tried, but he still couldnt keep up with theothers.although 和 but 不能同时用在一句话中，去掉任何一个都可以。13 定语从句68. An orphan is a child whos parents aredead.定语从句中表“的引导词只有 whose，所以把 whos 改为 whose。69. This is the very thing which I lostyesterday.如果先行词为物且前有 the only, the last, the very 修饰时，定语从句的引导词只能用 that。70. This is the car for that I paid a highprice.定语从句的先行词为物，而且引导词放在介词后时，只能用 which.71. She is one of the students who has passed theexam.定语从句修饰 one of 加上复数名词时，复数名词是定语从句的先行词，因此把 has 改为 have。72. This is the place where we visited lastyear.定语从句的先行词用关系代词还是关系副词要看定语从句中缺不缺主语或宾语，如缺用关系代词，如不缺用关系副词。此句中 visit 为及物动词，后无宾语，因此把 where 改为 which 或 that。73. I, who is your friend, can understandyou.定语从句的谓语动词应与其先行词保持一致，因此把 is 改为 am。74. China is a developing country, that is known toall.非限定性定语从句的引导词永远不会是 that，因此把 that 改为 which 或 as。14 主谓一致75. The poet and writer are invited to give a speech at themeeting.poet 和 writer 共用一个冠词，指的是一个人身兼二职，所以谓语动词应为单数。把 are 改为 is.76. No one except my parents knowit.主语后加except再加上假设干数量的名词，谓语动词和主语保持一致。所以把know改为knows。类似的用法的词或短语有：but,besides,with, together with, along with, as well as 等等。77. Your clothes is on the table overthere.clothes 为复数名词，谓语动词应为复数。把 is 改为 are。78. The number of the students in that school are about onethousand.此句的主语为 number 而不是 students。因此把 are 改为 is。79. The class was watching TV when I entered theroom.class 作主语时，把它看成一个整体时谓语动词用单数，看成每一个成员的个体行为时谓语动词用复数。一般来说，一些具体行为如看电视、吃饭、洗澡等都属于每一个成员的个体行为。此处把 was 改为 were。80. The population of our country are increasing slowlynow.population 单独作主语谓语动词经常用单数；如果其前有分数或百分数，而且后面又有复数名词时谓语动词用复数。如：One fifth of the Chinese population are workers. 此处把 are 改为 is。15 倒装81. No sooner he had reached the station than the trainleft.no sooner 为否认副词，放于句首时句子要局部倒装，因此此句应改为：No sooner had he reached the station than the train left.82. A child as he is, he can speak fivelanguages.用 as 引导让步状语从句，可把形容词、副词和不带冠词的名词放于 as 前。所以前半句改为：Child as he is.16 虚拟语气这是与过去事实相反的虚拟假设，从句应该用过去完成时。所以在 we 后加 had。83. My suggestion is that we would send a few people to helpthem.suggestion 的表语从句也应用虚拟语气，必须用 should 加动词原形，should 可以省略。此处去掉 would 或把 would 改为 should。wish 后的时态应该把真实时态往后推一个时态，所以把 has 改为 had。84. Iwouldratheryouhaveanothertrytomorrow.句式为 would rather sb did sth. 所以把 have 改为 had。17 ThereBe句型85. There are a bag and several books on thetable.There be 句式遵循谓语动词就近原那么，a bag 为单数，所以把 are 改为 is。86. There were several people stood at the back of theroom.There be 句式的谓语动词为 be 动词，句中其他的动词应为非谓语动词。所以把 stood 改为 standing。18 修饰语在句中的位置不当像 almost 这样的副词在句中放在助动词、be 动词之后，实意动词之前。因此把almost 放在 have 后面。87. The girl has beautiful, silky hair who lives high in themountains.定语从句应紧跟先行词，所以改为：The girl, who lives high in the mountains, has beautiful, silky hair。