外研版八年级上册比较级和最高级.ppt

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。 大多数形容词和副词有三个等大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级。级：原级、比较级、最高级。 Grammar：一、原级：1.表示两者在某一方面相同： A + 谓语 + as + 形容词或副词的原形 + as+ B. eg: Tom is as tall as Sam. 2. 两者（A与B）在某一方面A不如B时用句型： A + 谓语+ not as + 形容词或副词的原形 + as+ B. eg: Tom is not as tall as Sam. 二、比较级： A + 谓语 + 形容词或副词的比较级 + than + B. eg: Tom is taller than Sam. Tom runs faster than Sam. 1、形容词和副词的比较级的规则变化：、形容词和副词的比较级的规则变化：一般直接在词尾加er或 esttalltaller-tallestlight lighter-lightest以字母e结尾的直接加r或stnice nicernicestfine finerfinest 以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词，要变y为i再加er或estheavyheavierheaviest busy busier-busiest 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的形容词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加er或 estthin thinnerthinnesthot hotterhottest 多音节词或部分双音节词的比较级和 最高级在其前面加more或most。 beautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful importantmore importantmost importantInteresting more interesting most interestingquickly more quickly most quicklytired more tired most tired2、不规则形容词的比较级最高级、不规则形容词的比较级最高级原 级比 较 级最 高 级good / wellmany / muchlittleill / bad / badlyfaroldbetterbestmoremostlessleastworseworstfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestolder/elderoldest/eldest3、形容词比较级的用法、形容词比较级的用法:（1）两者（）两者（A与与B）进行比较，）进行比较，“A比比B较较/更更”。 A + 谓语 + 形容词或副词的比较级 + than + B. eg: Tom is taller than Sam. （2）两者（A与B）进行比较，“哪一个更/较” Which / Who 谓语谓语 + 比较级比较级, A or B ? Eg. Who runs faster, Tom or Sam? （3）两者（）两者（A与与B）进行比较，）进行比较，“其中其中A是两者中是两者中较较” A+谓语 + the +比较级 + of the two. eg：Tom is the taller of the two boys. 汤姆是这两个男孩中最高的 . （4）比较级比较级+ and + 比较级，比较级， 表示表示 “越来越越来越” eg：Now it is hotter and hotter. 现在越来越热。 more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮 （5）The + 比较级比较级，the + 比较级比较级 “越越，就，就越” eg： The more , the better. The more you eat, the fatter you will become. （6）用形容词的比较级来表达最高级的概念： A+谓语谓语+比较级比较级+than any (other) +可数名词单数可数名词单数+范围。范围。 “A是中最的”或“A比(其他)任何都 eg：上海比中国其他的任何一个城市都大 Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. （7）修饰比较级的词 much(的多的多)、far (的多的多)、 a lot(的多的多)、even(更更)、still（仍然）、（仍然）、 any (任何任何) a bit(一点儿一点儿) a little (一点儿一点儿) eg: This city is much more beautiful than that one. Today is even hotter than yesterday. 三、最高级三、最高级 形容词和副词的最高级常用来表示三者或三形容词和副词的最高级常用来表示三者或三者以上人或物的比较。形容词最高级前必须加者以上人或物的比较。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词定冠词the, 而副词的最高级前可以不加定冠词而副词的最高级前可以不加定冠词the。1、主语主语+谓语谓语+the +形容词或副词的最高级形容词或副词的最高级 +of/in短语短语。表示“主语是中最的”。 My mother is the busiest in my family Tom is the tallest of all the students. 2、one of the+形容词最高级形容词最高级+cn.复数复数 “最最之一之一”。 Beijing is one of the largest cities in China. 3、the + 序数词序数词 + 形容词最高级形容词最高级 + 名词名词 表示“第几大长高” The Yellow River the second longest river in China4、Which/Who +谓语谓语+ the+形容词或副词最高级形容词或副词最高级, A ,B or C ? 表示“三者中哪一个更、最” Which is the biggest , the moon, the earth or the sun ? 月球、地球和太阳哪一个更大？I.用形容词的正确形式填空用形容词的正确形式填空1.Which do you like _ (well), apples, pears or bananas?2.I think this story is _ (interesting) than that one.3.In the morning he is _ (early). His father is _ (early) than he. His mother is the _ (early) of the three.4.The Yellow River is the second _ (long) river in China.5.He thinks his corn is _ (delicious) of all the food.6.I feel math is _ (difficult) than Chinese.best more interesting earlyearlierearliestlongest most deliciousthe more difficult句型转换：句型转换：1. Tom is tall. Jim is short.(比较级合并比较级合并) Tom is _ _ Jim.2. My hair is long. Marys hair is longer .(合并成一句合并成一句) Marys hair _ _ _ mine.3. Pedro is thinner than Sam. (改为同义句改为同义句) Sam is _ _ Pedro.4. My sister is better at study than me. She is clever. (改为同义句改为同义句) My sister is _ clever (聪明的聪明的) than me at study.5. Peter is funny. Paul is funny, too. (合并成一句合并成一句) Peter is _ funny _ Paul.tallerthanislongerthan fatter/heavierthanmoreasasExercises( A ) Exercises( A ) 1. My sister is _ than I. ( young )2. Shenzhen is _ than Guangzhou ( clean )3. Tim is _ than Denis Dragon. ( clever )4. I think she looks _than in the photo.( beautiful )5. The problem is _ than that one. (important)6. Can you walk _ than a young man. ( far ) ?7. This road is _ than the other one. ( wide )8. In summer it is _ in Wuhan than in Beijing. ( hot )9. He has _ homework to do than I do today. ( much )10. My mothers car is _ than my fathers . (expensive) youngercleanercleverermore beautifulmore importantfartherwiderhottermoremore expensiveExercises ( B )1. Tom is _ boy in our class. ( tall )2. Of all the girls, Sue is _ ( pretty ).3. Unit 6 is one of _ units in Book II. ( difficult )4. Susans flowers are _ among the girls. ( beautiful )5. Changjiang River is _ river in China.(long)6. It was _ day of his life. ( bad )7. Toms English score is 95. Peters is 98 and Marys is 100. Toms score is _. Peter s is _ than Toms and Marys is _ than Peters. Marys is _ of the three .( good ) the tallestthe prettiestthe most difficultthe most beautifulthe longest the worstgoodbetterbetterthe best不定式不定式 后跟不定式作宾语后跟不定式作宾语：want, hope ,offered, ask, agree, begin, choose ,decide , expect, remember, forget , stop, love ,like ,learn, manage, try, need, promise, pretend, start, refuse, wish, plan.(+to do sth.)双宾语双宾语 当我们要表达当我们要表达“给某人某物给某人某物”时就出现了时就出现了两个动作的承受着，一个是物，一个是人两个动作的承受着，一个是物，一个是人，通常人做间接宾语，物做直接宾语。句，通常人做间接宾语，物做直接宾语。句子结构为：子结构为：“及物动词及物动词+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾直接宾语语”或或“及物动词及物动词+直接宾语直接宾语+to/for+间接间接宾语宾语” 1借助借助 to 引出的间接宾语有：引出的间接宾语有：tell, give, show, pass, bring, hand, teach, lend, leave，take ,offer show sb sth= show sth to sb 2借助借助 for引出的间接宾语有引出的间接宾语有 ：buy, sing, cook, make, get, read, choose buy sb sth= buy sth for sb