2021-2022年收藏的精品资料中考冲刺六：对话及交际用语技巧基础知识.doc

中考冲刺六：对话及交际用语技巧责编：王晓丽【真题再现】 I. 单项选择。1. _? (2014 山西) Sorry. There is no one named Gary. You must have the wrong number.A. Can I help you B. Whats the matter C. Is that Gary speaking2. Bill, can I get you anything to drink? (2014 黄冈) _ .A. You are welcome. B. No problem.C. I wouldnt mind a coffee. D. It doesnt matter3. Can I bring a friend to your birthday party?(2014 安徽) Sure, _ .A. no problemB. not at allC. my pleasureD. well done4. Your pencil case looks really beautiful. (2014 临沂) _. But in fact, Ginas looks better than mine.A. Of courseB. Not at allC. Im afraid notD. Thank you5. I was just in time to get there for the meeting. Thank you for lending me the bike. _. (2014 上海)A. Thats right. B. Of course not.C. Youre welcome. D. The same to you.6. Would you like some juice? (2014 十堰) _. Id like something to eat.A. Yes, please. B. No problem. C. Thats OK. D. No, thanks.7. What about having a drink? (2014 杭州) _.A. Help yourselfB. Never mindC. Youre rightD. Good idea.8. Would you mind if I turn on the radio?(2014 达州) _. The baby is sleeping in the next room.A. No, I dont mind B. Not at allC. Better not D. Thats all right 9. Too bad you didnt go to the beach with usIt was so much fun there! You must go next time. (2015 南京) _. I dont think Ill have any funI cant swim.AYes，please BNo, thanks CYou are welcome DMy pleasure 10. The radio says it will rain next Sunday.(2015 呼和浩特) _Were going for a picnic that day. AI hope it willBIm afraid not CI dont think soDI hope not 11. Hello! Could I speak to Betty，please?(2015 南宁) Hello! _ ACan you help me? B Are you OK? CThis is Betty speaking DHave a nice day 12 . Guess what? I won the dancing competition last week(2015 西宁) Wow! _! ANever mind BNo problem CCongratulations 13. Hurry up, or we will miss the sea lion show in the Ocean Park(2015 广东) _We still have fifteen minutes before the show beginsATake it easy BGood luck CI guess so DTake care14. I will have an important match tomorrow. I hope I will win. (2015 安徽) _. A. Good luckB. No ideaC. Thats such a pityD. Its all right 15. Jack, I'd like to have your opinions about my report.(2015 常州) _. But I have one suggestion.A. That's a good idea B. I agree with you C. It looks fine to me D. Check it firstII. 补全对话。(A)Complete the dialogue with proper words or sentences. (2015黑龙江省龙东地区)A: Hello, could I speak to Linda?B: 1 .A: Hi, Linda, it's Judy here. I called you at seven and you didn't pick up. 2 ?B: I was taking a shower at that time.A: I see. What are you going to do this weekend?B: 3 . I don't have any plans.A: 4 ?B: Science Museum? No, I haven't.A: Would you like to go with me?B: 5 . When and where shall we meet?A: Let's meet at the school gate at eight on Saturday morning.B: That's a deal.(B)根据对话内容，从方框内的选项中，选择5个恰当的句子完成对话。(2015 黄冈) (Nancy comes to Huanggang for a tour. She meets Li Fei in the street.)N: Good afternoon! Im Nancy. Nice to meet you!L: Nice to meet you, too. Im Li Fei. 1. _N: Yes. I hear Huanggang is a beautiful city. By the way, where are you going?L: Im going to relax myself by West Lake. 2. _N: Sure, Id love to.(Ten minutes later.)N: Look! There are so many people boating on the lake. Why?L: 3. _ Qu Yuan was a great poet in ancient China. On that day, we also throw zongzi into the lake or river.N: Sounds very interesting. 4. _L: Youre welcome. Oh, Nancy. I have to leave now. Ill prepare for tomorrows final exam.N: 5. _ Good bye!L: Bye-bye!A. Would you like to go there with me?B. When did you come to Huanggang?C. Oh, theyre preparing for tomorrows Dragon Boat Festival in memory of Qu Yuan.D. OK. Good luck to you!E. Are you on a vacation here?F. Could you tell me something about Dragon Boat Festival?G. Thank you for telling me a lot.【答案与解析】单项选择。1. C。句意：你是Gary吗？对不起。这儿没有叫Gary的人。你一定是打错电话了。A：你要些什么？B：怎么了？C：你是Gary吗？根据句意及情景可知答案为C项。2. C。句意：Bill，我可以请你喝点什么吗？我不介意喝杯咖啡。A：不客气；B：没问题；C：我不介意喝杯咖啡；D：没关系。由题意可知选C。3. A。句意：我可以带一位朋友参加你的生日聚会吗？当然，没问题。no problem没问题；not at all 没关系 ( 回答“感谢”和“对不起”)；my pleasure 我的荣幸（回答感谢）；well done 干得好(回答鼓励)。本题容易误选my pleasure，注意它的固定用法，即对感谢的回答，故选A。4. D。本句意为：你的铅笔看起来很漂亮，谢谢你，但是实际上，Gina的看起来比我的更漂亮。A. Of course当然；B. Not at all一点也不；C. Im afraid not我恐怕不是；D. Thank you谢谢。5. C。句意：我正好及时到那儿赶上了开会。谢谢你借给我自行车。不客气。A：那是对的。B：当然不。C：不客气。D：你也一样。由对话情景可知答案为C项。6. D。本题意为：你想要一些果汁吗？不用了，谢谢，我想吃点东西。由后面答语可知，现在不需要喝的东西，所以答案选D。7. D。Help yourself请随便用；Never mind不要紧；Youre right你是对的；Good idea.好主意。根据句意“喝杯饮料怎样？ ”，结合对别人的建议的肯定回答最好用Good idea或OK等，故选D。8. C。本题意为：你介意我打开广播吗？最好不要，宝宝正在隔壁房间睡觉，由后半句的The baby is sleeping in the next room.可知前面应该是否定回答；A. No, I dont mind我不介意；B. Not at all一点也不；C. Better not最好不要；D. Thats all right不用谢。9. B。 句意：你没有和我们一起去海滩真是太糟了。那里有很多好玩的。你下次一定要去。不，谢谢！我认为我不会有很多乐趣的。我不会游泳。Yes，please是的，请(这么做)；No, thanks不，谢谢；You are welcome你太客气了；My pleasure我的荣幸。根据句意，用No, thanks表示拒绝对方的建议，故选B项。 10. D。由答语中的“Were going for a picnic that day.”可知，答话人不希望下周日下雨。I hope not意为“我希望不会这样”，符合题意，故选D。 11. C。由问句“Could I speak to Betty，please?”可知，本题属于打电话交际。在电话中介绍自己是谁，应用This is.speaking。故选C。 12. C。由“I won the dancing competition last week.”可知，对别人取得的成功应该表示祝贺。Congratulations意为“祝贺你”，符合题意。故选C。 13. A。句意为：快点，否则我们就会错过在海洋公园的海狮表演。别着急，离表演开始还有15分钟。A项意为“别紧张，慢慢来”，根据语境可知，答案选A。 14. A。句意：明天我将要参加一个重要的比赛。我希望我能赢。祝你好运。Good luck祝你好运；No idea不知道；Thats such a pity多么遗憾；Its all right没关系。根据上文要参加比赛，要对对方说祝你好运。故选A。 15. C。句意：杰克，我想知道你对我的报告的意见。对我来说，不错。但是我有一个建议。A. 那是一个好主意，B. 我同意你的观点，C.对我来说不错，D. 先检查。从后句的But可知句意转折，后句说我有一个建议，可以推测出前句说的是报告好。故选C。补全对话。(A)1. This is Linda./ This is Linda speaking./Linda speaking.2. What were you doing at that time?3. Nothing much. / Not much4. Have you ever been to Science Museum?/ Have you been to Science Museum before?5. ( Sure/ Yes,) I'd love to./I'd like to.(B)1. E2. A3. C4. G5. D 【用法讲解】考试要求：中考交际用语主要考查学生运用英语进行简单的日常交际的能力，体现了英语日常用语的交际性和口语化特征。要做好交际用语测试题，要求学生能够熟练掌握英语的一些日常交际英语的口语表达，如：问路、借东西、看病、购物、打电话、提供帮助、表示感谢、邀请和应答、向别人道歉等日常用语，还要求学生从对话上下文所提供的材料中判断交际的情景和场合，选择适当的日常交际英语进行交流。特别要注意交际英语的口语化特点。因此学生要在日常学习中注意英语的习惯表达和文化背景知识，学会按照英、美人的文化习惯，用地道的口语来表达自己的想法。1. 交际用语中考题型1）单项选择这类交际用语考试题主要用小对话的方式来呈现，即两个或者三个句子就可以表达小的情景对话。这种考题主要涉及表示感谢、道歉、问候、介绍、告别、询问年龄、请求和允许、打电话、表扬和鼓励、个人喜欢和爱好、同意和不同意、邀请和应答、劝告和建议、希望和打算、约会、祝愿和祝贺、餐饮、看病、谈论天气、安抚和安慰、购物和谈论价格、问路、请求帮助和提供帮助等情景。对话一般较简单，情景单一，可能是答语的一部分或整个答语设空，也可能是询问信息的句子设空，一般提供三到四个选项，要求学生选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。例如：Thank you for the present you sent me. Its so nice._.A. No, thanks. B. I am glad you like it.C. Please dont say so. D. No, it isnt so good.解析答案是B。从对话情景中理解上句是表示感谢，当你听到别人的赞扬，不能按照中国人的思维习惯回答“不好、不好”，在西方交际用语不能这样谦虚，要为别人喜欢你的礼物感到高兴，所以选择B。例如：Shall we go camping on the weekend?_. The weather forecast says it will rainy.A. Id love to. B. I am afraid we cant. C. Thats a good idea. D. Thats all right.解析答案是B。本题是考查对别人提出建议的应答，如果同意这个建议一般可以答“Good idea.”，但从对话后面的回答提供的情景可知天要下雨去不成，所以此题的应答是B。2）补全对话：补全对话是考查学生的日常交际能力的另一个中考常用的题型，通常提供一个比较大的情景对话，一般都选用学生比较熟悉的情景，如打电话、购物、看病等，从中抽取一些句子或句子的一部分，要求学生根据对话的内容和情景，补全句子，使对话的内容和意思完整。也有的补全对话题把抽出的句子一起放在一个文本框中，有时还会给出一、二个多余的选项，学生必须根据对话的情景要求选出合适的句子，然后把序号填入空白处。这种题型一定要先通读对话，了解整篇对话的场景、说话人之间的关系、讨论的事件的线索等，再去选择选项，才能更准确地选择出正确的选项。这种情景交际用语的考查一般提供语言地道、对话情景具体、逻辑严谨和意义完整的交际情景，主要考查学生能否在不同的文化背景、不同的场合、对于不同的事情按照西方的文化风俗习惯和表达习惯用地道的英语来表达。例如：阅读并补全下列对话。A: 1. _, sir?B: Yes, please. 2. _ a pair of sports shoes.A: What size do you want, please?B: Size ten or eleven.A: OK! What about this pair?B: Sorry! I 3. _ black shoes.A: Oh. We also have got blue ones.B: Can I 4. _ on ?A: Yes, please.B: 5. _ each pair?A: Thirty- five yuan.B: All right. I will take it.解析从对话的内容可以看出，对话的情景是购物，顾客想买一双运动鞋，是售货员和顾客之间的情景对话。理解了对话的主要情景和内容后，我们在补全对话的时候可以联想一些关于购物的日常交际英语。1. 本空考查售货员经常用的日常交际英语，一般售货员用Can I help you? 或者What can I do for you? 来招呼顾客，所以本空可以填写这两个句子中任何一个。2. 从对话下面句子的意思和情景可以判断是顾客想买一双运动鞋，所以本空填写I want to buy/ Id like/ I am looking for都可以。3. 从对话售货员问“这双怎么样？”和顾客的回答可以理解是他不喜欢这双运动鞋，所以本空填写I dont like或者I hate。4. 从对话上下句的情景可以判断本空是顾客询问能否试穿，所以填写May I try them on?5. 从对话下面的回答是价格（Thirty-five yuan.）可以判断上面的句子是询问这双运动鞋的价格，所以用How much is each pair?来询问。2. 需要熟练掌握的交际用语1） 问候Hi! Hello! Good morning/ evening/afternoon.How are you doing?I am OK/ fine. / Thanks and you? /Very well, thank you.Please say hello to your parents. / Please give my best wishes to your parents. Sure. /All right.2） 介绍My name is . Hello! How do you do?I am a student. I am from. This is Mr/Mrs/Miss. Id like you to meet Bob.Nice/ Glad/ Pleased to meet you.3）告别Good-bye. Bye. Bye-bye. Good night. See you later/then/ soon/tomorrow. I am sorry. I have to go now.4）感谢Thank you very much. /Thanks a lot. /Thank you for your help. Its a pleasure. Thats OK/all right. You are welcome.5） 道歉Sorry. I am sorry. /I am sorry for losing your /I am sorry to interrupt you. /I am sorry I am late./ I beg your pardon.Thats OK. /Its all right. /Never mind. /It doesnt matter./ Its nothing.6） 请求和允许May I come in? Can/Could I use your ? Would/Do you mind if I open the door?Yes, please. Sure. Certainly. Thats all right. Of course，you can.I am sorry, its not allowed. I am afraid not. Youd better not.7） 打电话Hello! May I speak to Tom? Hello! Id like to speak to Mr. Green?Is that Liu Hong speaking? This is Mary (speaking). / Mary speaking.May/ Can I leave a message? May/ Can I take a message? Ill call back later/again. Ill ring him/her up again.Hello! This is Mary speaking. Hello, who is that? Hold on, please. Just a moment, please.Hello, who is speaking? Sorry, he isnt here right now. Can I take a message? This line is bad/ busy. Sorry, I am afraid you have the wrong number.8）表扬和鼓励Very good！ Well done！Wonderful! Excellent! You speak English very well. Your dress is very beautiful. Come on! /Keep trying! /You can do it.Thank you.OK! I will try it again.9）喜欢和爱好This book is very interesting. I like this movie. I like to play computer games. I like taking photos. I enjoy listening to the music. I am interested in This song is bad. I dont like the movie at all. I dont enjoy collecting stamps. I hate to do much homework. I prefer bananas.I like English better than math. My favorite color is blue.10） 同意和不同意Sure. /Certainly. /Of course. All right. /I agree. /No problem. Thats a good idea. Yes, I think so. No way. Of course not. I dont agree. I dont think so. I am afraid not.11）邀请和应答Would you like to go for a walk? You must come to dinner with us. May I invite you to dinner? What/ How about having a swim?OK! Thank you. Id like that. Thanks. Yes, Id love to. That would be very nice. No, thank you. Its very nice of you, but my mother is ill. Id love to, but I am afraid I have no time. I am sorry I cant. What about another time?12）劝告和建议You had better go to see the doctor. You should listen to and read English every day. You need to buy a Chinese-English dictionary. Dont rush/hurry/push. Please stand in line.Lets go and have a look.What/ How about a picnic this Sunday?Why dont you buy a computer? Why not go to a movie?13）希望和打算I will go with you. I am going to see my grandfather this Sunday. I want to find a pen pal. I plan to go to Hangzhou this summer. I am not going to buy a car. I wish to see you again. I hope to become a doctor.I hope so. / I hope not.14） 祝愿和祝贺Have a good day/time! Have a good journey/trip. Good luck! Enjoy yourself! Best wish to you. Happy New Year! /Merry Christmas! /Happy birthday! Thank you. The same to you. Congratulations! Well done!15） 餐饮Would you like something to eat/drink? What would you like to have for breakfast / lunch/ supper? Would you like some fish? Help yourself to some fish.Yes, Id like to drink. Id like rice and chicken. Just a little, please. Can I have some soup? Its so delicious. Thank you. I like green tea. Yes, please. /No, thanks.16） 看病Whats the matter? /Whats wrong with you? Do you have a fever? How long have you felt like this? How long have you been like this? Its nothing serious. Take this medicine three times a day. You will be better/all right soon.I have a headache. /I feel terrible. / I feel bad/ awful. / I dont feel well.I have got a pain here.17）谈论天气Whats the weather like today? / How is the weather in Beijing? Its nice/ fine/ beautiful today.What a cold/hot day today! Its sunny/ cloudy/ windy/ rainy/ snowy. Its getting cool/ cold/ warm/ hot.18） 购物Can/ May I help you? / What can I do for you? How many/ How much would you like? What color/ size/ kind would you like? What about this one? Here is your change.Id like/ I want a pair of shoe. How much is it/ are they? May I try it on? Its too big/small. Sorry. Its too expensive. Do you have any other colors/ sizes? Thats fine. Ill take it. Just have a look. 19） 问路Excuse me. Where is the washroom? Can you tell me how to get to the post office? Which bus goes to World Park? Which is the way to the Bank of China? Could you tell me the way to the station？How can I get to No. 4 Middle School?Its over there. Its about 400 meters from here. Go down this street until you see the tall red building. Turn right/ left at the first/second crossing. You can take No. 15 bus. Youd better take a taxi. I am sorry. I dont know. / Sorry, I am a stranger here.20）请求帮助和提供帮助Do you want me to clean the room? Can I help you? Would you like me to help you? What can I do for you? Let me take your bag.Yes, please. /Yes, thanks. /Thank you for help. No, thanks. / Thank you all the same. / Thats very kind of you but I can do it myself.3. 交际用语题解题技巧：1）了解英汉文化差异就称呼方面，在英美国家即使对长辈也可以直呼其名，在称呼别人的时候不能用表示职业的名词连用。例如：汉语中可以称呼警察叔叔、护士阿姨，但在英语表达的时候不能用Policeman Uncle，Aunt Nurse，这会使英美国家的人感到莫名其妙。我们经常称呼先生的时候和名字连用，而英美国家的人把Mr./Mrs/Miss和姓连用。例如：Mr. Green. Miss White.。就问候和告别用语的差异，不同的文化和风俗习惯，人们的问候方式和告别方式不同，所用的表示法也不同。我们见面的问候是“上哪里去？吃饭了吗？”，而英