2021 年12月大学英语四级真题及答案解析(全三套).docx

2021年12月大学英语四级真题及答案解析(全三套)2021年12月大学英语四级真题及答案解析(全三套)四级听力第一套：NewsReport1A9-year-oldgirlinNewMexicohasraisedmorethan$500forherlittlebrotherwhoneedsheartsurgeryinHouston,TexasthisJuly.AddisonWitulski'sgrandmotherKimAllred,saidAddisonprobablyoverheardaconversationbetweenfamilymemberstalkingaboutthefundsneededtogetherlittlebrothertotreatment."Iguesssheoverheardhergrandfatherandmetalkingabouthowwe'reworriedabouthowwe'regoingtogettoHouston,formygrandson'sheartsurgery,"saidAllred.Shedecidedtogooutsideandhavealemonadestandandmakesomedrawingsandpicturesandsellthem.That'swhenAddisonandherfriendsErikaandEmilyBordendecidedtoselllemonadefor50centsacupandsellpicturesfor25centseach.BeforeAllredknewit,NewMexicoStatePoliceOfficerswereamongthemanystoppingbyhelpingthemreachatotalof$568.Thefamilyturnedtosocialmediaexpressingtheirgratitudesaying,"Fromthebottomofourhearts,wewouldliketodeeplythankeachandeverypersonthatstoppedby!"1:WhodidAddisonraisethemoneyfor?2:HowdidAddisonraisethemoney?1.D)Herlittlebrother.2.B)Bysellinglemonadeandpictures.NewsReport2:Lastweek,Franceannouncedthatthecountrywillpave621milesofroadwithsolarpanelsoverthenextfiveyearswiththegoalofprovidingcheap,renewableenergytofivemillionpeople.CalledtheWardWay,theroadswillbebuiltthroughjointeffortswiththeFrenchroadbuildingcompanyColasandtheNationalInstituteofSolarEnergy.Thecompanyspentthelastfiveyearsdevelopingsolarpanelsthatareonlyaboutaquarterofinchthickandarestrongenoughtostanduptoheavyhighwaytrafficwithoutbreakingormakingtheroadsmoreslippery.Thepanelsarealsodesignedsothattheycanbeinstalleddirectlyontopoftheexistingroadways,makingthemrelativelycheapandeasytoinstall.Franceisthefirstcountrytokickaroundtheideaofpavingitsroadswithsolarpanels.InNovember2021,theNetherlandscompleteda229-footlongbikepathpavedwithsolarpanelsasatestforfutureprojects.However,thisisthefirsttimeapanelhasbeendesignedtobelaiddirectlyontopexistingroadsandthefirstprojecttoinstallthepanelsonpublichighways.3:WhatwasFrancespurposeofconstructingtheWardWay?4:WhatisspecialaboutthesolarpanelsusedintheWardWay?3.B)Providingcleanenergytofivemillionpeople.4.C)Theycanbelaidrightontopofexistinghighways.NewsReport3LionshavedisappearedfrommuchofAfrica,butforthepastfewyearsscientistshavewonderedifthebigcatswerehangingoninremotepartsofSudanandEthiopia.Continuousfightingintheregionhasmadesurveysdifficult.ButscientistsreleasedareportMondaydocumentingwithhardevidencethediscoveryof"lostlions."AteamwithOxfordUniversitysWildlifeConservationResearchUnit,supportedbyacharityorganization,spenttwonightsinNovembercampinginanationalparkinnorthwestEthiopiaontheEthiopia-Sudanborder.Theresearcherssetoutsixcameratraps,capturingimagesoflions,andtheidentifiedliontracks.ThescientistsconcludedthatlionsarealsolikelytoliveinaneighboringnationalparkacrosstheborderinSudan.TheInternationalUnionforConservationofNaturehadpreviouslyconsideredtheareaa"possiblerange"forthespecies,andlocalpeoplehadreportedseeinglionsinthearea,butnoonepresentedconvincingevidence.5:WhathasmadeitdifficulttosurveylionsinremotepartsofSudanandEthiopia?6:Whatwasthemainpurposeoftheresearch?7:Whatdidtheresearchersfindinthenationalpark?5.C)Endlessfighingintheregion.6.D)Tofindevidenceofthelions'disappearance.7.A)Lions'tracks.ConversationOneM:Ibegyourelookingforwardtotheendofthismonth.Arentyou?W:Yes,Iam.Howdidyouknow?M:Davidtoldmeyouhadaspecialbirthdaycomingup.W:Oh,yes.Thatsright.Thisyearwouldbemygoldenbirthday.M:Whatdoesthatmean?Iveneverheardofagoldenbirthday.W:Iveactuallyjustlearnedofthisconceptmyself.Fortunately,justintimetocelebrate.Agoldenorluckybirthdayiswhenoneturnstheageoftheirbirthdate.So,forexample,mysistersbirthdayisDecember9thandhergoldenbirthdaywouldhavebeentheyearsheturns9yearsold.Cometothinkofit,myparentsdidthrowherasurprisepartythatyear.M:Interesting.ToobadImissedmine.Mygoldenbirthdaywouldvebeenfouryearsago.Iassumedlygotabigplanthen.W:Actuallyyes.Myhusbandisplanningasurpriseholidayforthetwoofusnextweek.Ihavenoideawhathesgotteninmind,butImexcitedtofindout.Hashementionedanythingtoyou?M:Hemighthave.W:Anythingyoudliketoshare?Imdyingtoknowwhatkindoftriphehasplannedwhereweregoing.M:Yeah,nothingatall.W:Notaclue.Hardtoimagine,isntit!ThoughImustsay,Ithinkithasbeenevenmorefunkeepingthesecretformethepastfewweeks.M:Imsurebothofyouwillhaveafantastictime.Happygoldenbirthday!Icantwaittohearallaboutitwhenyougetback.8.Whatdoesthewomanlookingforwardto?9.Whatdidthewomansparentsdoonhersistersluckybirthday?10.Whatisthewomaneagertofindoutabout?11.Whatdoesthemansayattheendoftheconversation?8.D)Her"luckybrithday".9.A)Threwherasuperiseparty.10.C)Thetripherhusbandhasplanned.11.B)Heiseagertolearnhowthecouple'sholidayturnsout.ConversationTwoW:Mr.Green,Whatdoyouthinkmakesasuccessfulnegotiator?M:Well,Itdoeshardtodefine,butIthinksuccessfulnegotiatorshaveseveralthingsincommon.Theyarealwayspoliteandrationalpeople,theyarefirm,butflexible.Theycanrecognizepowerandknowhowtouseit.Theyaresensitivetothedynamicsinthenegotiation,thewayitraisesandfalls,andhowmaychangethedirection.Theyprojecttheimageofconfidence,andperhapsmostimportantly,theyknowwhentostop.W:Andwhataboutanunsuccessfulnegotiator?M:Well,thisprobablyallofuswhenwestartout.Weareprobablyimmatureandover-trusting,tooemotionaloraggressive.Weareunsureofourselvesandwanttobelikedbyeveryone.Goodnegotiatorslearnfast,poolnegotiatorsremainlikethatandgoonlosingnegotiations,W:Inyouropinion,cantheskillsofnegotiationbetaught?M:Well,youcanteachsomeonehowtopreparefornegotiation.Thereperhapssixstagesineverynegotiation,gettoknowtheotherside,stayyourgoals,starttheprocess,clarifythereisadisagreementorconflict,reassessyourposition,makingacceptablecompromise,andfinallyreachsomeagreementsandprincipals.Thesestagescanbestudied,andstrategiestobeusedineachcanbeplannedbefore-hand.ButIthinkthereallysuccessfulnegotiatorisprobablybornwiththesixthsensethatmayrespondproperlytothesituationathand.W:Theartisticsenseyoujustdescribed?M:Yes,thatsright12.Whatsthemansayaboutgoodnegotiators?13.Whatdoesthemansay,maybethemostimportantthingtoasuccessfulnegotiator?14.Howisagoodnegotiatordifferentfromapoorone?15.Whatsthefirststageofanegationaccordingtotheman?12.A)Theyaresensitivetothedynamicsofanegotiation.13.B)Theyknowwhentostop.14.C)Theylearnquickly.15.D)Gettoknowtheotherside.PassageOneSomepeoplewonderwhycountriesspendmillionsofdollarsonspaceprojects.Theywanttoknowhowspaceresearchhelpspeopleonearth.Actually,spacetechnologyhelpspeopleoneartheveryday.Thisiscalledspin-offtechnology.Spin-offtechnologyisspacetechnologythatisnowusedonearth.Inearlyspaceprograms,suchastheApollomissionsofthe1960sand1970sandinthespaceshuttlemissionstoday,scientistsdevelopedobjectsfortheastronautstouseonthemoonandinspace.Wenowusesomeoftheseobjectseveryday.Forexample,wehavequartzcrystalclocksandwatchesaccuratetowithinoneminuteayear.Wepurifythewaterwedrinkwiththewaterfilterdesignedfortheastronautstouseinspace.Thecordlesshandheldtoolsweuseinourhomes,suchasvacuumcleaners,flashlights,drillscamefromthetechnologyoftheseearlyspaceprograms.Oncoldwinterdays,wecanstaywarmwithbattery-operatedglovesandsocks,especiallymadecoatsandjackets.Alltheclothesaresimilartothespacesuitsdesignsthatkeptastronautscomfortableinthetemperaturesofthemoon,inourspinoffsfromspacetechnology.Theseproductsareonlyafewexamplesofthemanywaysspacetechnologyhelpsusinoureverydaylives.Nooneknowshownewspinofftechnologyfromtheinternationalspacestationwillhelpusinthefuture.16.Whatdosomepeoplewanttoknowaboutspaceexploration?17.Whatdidscientistdoforthespaceshuttlemissions?18.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthequartzcrystalclocksandwatches?16.D)HowspaceresearchbenefitspeopleonEarth.17.B)Theydevelopedobjectsforastronautstouseinouterspace.18.C)Theyareextremelyaccurate.PassageTwoWell,ifIcouldgetbackinhistoryandlive,I'dliketogetbacktothe18thcenturyandperhapsincolonialAmericainYankeenewEnglandwhereoneofmyancestorslived,becauseitwasthebeginningofsomething.Bythe18thcentury,therewasafeelingofcommunitythathadgrown.Myancestorwasthepreachertravelingaroundcountryside.Peoplelivedinsmallcommunities.Itwasfishermanandfarmerswhoprovidedfreshfoodthattastedandlookedlikefood.Unliketodayssupermarkets,andthereweresmalltownsandNewYorkwasn'tthatfaraway.I'mdeeplyattachedtothepuritantraditionnotinareligioussense.Buttheybelievedinworkingforsomething,workingforgoals.AndIlikethat.Theyworkedhardatwhatevertheydid,buttheyhadasenseofachievement.Theybelievedingoodness,incommunity,andhelpingoneanother.Ilovethecolonialfabricsorthesilverworks,thefurnishings,thecombinationofelegancesimplicity.I'dloveit.Theprinting,thebooks,Imveryattachedtoallthatkindofthing.Thatmaynotallbeveryentertaininginthemodernsenseoftheworld,butIwouldhaveenjoyedspendingmyeveningsinthatenvironment,discussingnewideas,buildinganewworld,andIcanseemyselfsittingonasmallchairbythefiredoingneedlework.19.Whydoesthespeakersayshewouldliketogobackandliveinthe18thcenturyAmerica?20.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutthePuritans?21.Whatwouldthespeakerlikedoingifshecouldgobacktothepast?19.C)Itmarkedthebeginningofsomethingnew.20.A)Theybelievedworkingforgoals.21.D)Doingneedleworkbythefire.PassagethreeIfyouarelostinthewoods,alittleknowledgeconcernedwithsomepeoplecalledahardshipintoanenjoyablestayawayfromthetroublesofmodernsociety.Whenyouthinkyou'relost,sitdownonthelogorrock,orleanagainstthetree,andrecitesomethingyouarememorizedtobringyourmindtothepointwhereisundercontrol.Dontrunblindlyifyoumustmove,don'tfollowstreamunlessyouknowit,andinthatcaseyou'renotlost.Streamsnormallyflowthroughwidelandbeforetheyreachalakeorriverthoughtherearemoreeatableplants,theremayalsobewildanimals,poisonoussnakes,andotherhazards.Manyexpertsfeelitisthewisesttowalkuphill.Atthetopofmosthillsandmountainsaretrailslivingbacktocivilizations.Iftherearenotrails,you'remucheasiertobeseenontopofthehill.Andyoumayevenspotthehighwayorrailroadfromthispoint.Nowadays,thefirstwaysomeofyousearchforyouisbyair.Inthewidelandsorindensegrass,we'reveryhardtospot.Anytimeyouaregoingtothewoods,somebodyshouldknowwhereyou'regoing,andwhenyouareexpectedtoreturn,alsowhensomeonecomestolooking,youshouldbeabletosignaltothem.22.Whatdoesthespeakeradviseyoutodofirstifyouarelostinthewoods?23.Whatwillhappenifyoufollowanunknownstreaminthewoods?24.Whatdomanyexpertsthinkisthewisestthingtodoifyou'relostinthewoods?25.Whatshouldyoudobeforeyougointothewoods?22.C)Sitdownandtrytocalmyourself23.B)Youmayexposeyourselftounexpecteddangers.24.D)Walkuphill.25.A)Informsomebodyofyourplan.四级听力第二套：答案：1.D)Ithasgotoneofitsinjured.2.C)Itsvideoswerepostedonsocialmedia.3.A)Thedistancetravelled.4.B)Gasconsumptionissoaring.5.B)Hehelpsastrangertocarrygroceriestohiscar.6.C)Heraisedalargesumofmoneyforhim.7.A)Heworkshardtosupporthisfamily.8.A)Attendaneconomicslecture9.C)Attendhisbrothersbirthdayparty10.D)Joinhiminhisbrothersbirthdaycelebration11.B)Bytrain12.A)Takingavacationabroad.13.C)Workingparttimeasawaiter.14.B)Saveenoughmoney.15.A)Hehasrichsailingexperience.16.D)ShewasalsoaNobelPrizewinner.17.B)ShedevelopedX-rayfacilitiesformilitaryhospitals.18.A)Bothdiedofbloodcancer.19.C)TheydiscoveredIcelandintheninthcentury.20.D)Itwasarockymassoflandcoveredwithice.21.A)TheeVikingsoceanexplorations.22.C)Dreamaboutthefuture.23.B)Changewhathehasforhispastimaginaryworld.24.D)Internationalbusiness.25.B)Becontentwithwhatyouhave.四级阅读第一套：选词填空26.Ksuperior27.Dnuisance28.Mtip29.Ovisual30.Aassociated31.Fpreventing32.Hsensitive33.Islight34.Cindicate35.Jspecify匹配题36.IElderlystudentsfindithardtokeepupwiththerapidchangesineducation.37.ESomebelievetake-homeexamsmayaffectstudents'performancesinotherscourses.38.CCertainprofessorsbelievein-classexamsareultimatelymorehelpfultostudents39.DIn-classexamsarebelievedtodiscouragecheatinginexams.40.BTheauthorwashappytolearnshecoulddosomeexamsathome.41.HStudentswhoputofftheirworkuntilthelastmomentoftenfindtheexamsmoredifficultthantheyactuallyare.42.GDifferentstudentsmaypreferdifferenttypesofexams.43.FMostprofessorsagreewhethertogiveanin-classoratake-homeexamdependsonthetypeofcoursebeingtaught.44.ATheauthordroppedoutofcollegesomefortyyearsago.45.JSomestudentsthinktake-homeexamswilleatuptheirfreetime.仔细阅读46.BTheyjustcannotdoanythingaboutit.47.AItmightbepreventedandtreated.48.DItwillmotivatedoctorsandpharmaciststofindwaystotreataging.49.CTheycancontributetopeople'shealthonlytoalimitedextent.50.AThehumanlifespancannotbeprolonged.51.CMoremalesthanfemalesarelikelytogetoutstandinglettersofrecommendation.52.CMenarebelievedtobebetterabletoexcelinSTEMdisciplines.53.BTheycontainnothingthatdistinguishestheapplicants.54.DTheydeletedallinformationaboutgender.55.DStartapublicdiscussiononhowtoraisewomen'sstatusinacademiccircles.四级阅读第二套：选词填空Weallknowthereexistsagreatvoid空白inthepubliceducationalsystemwhenitcomesto26toSTEM(Science,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics)courses.OneeducatornamedDoriRobertsdecidedtodosomethingtochangethissystem.Doritaughthighschoolengineeringfor11years.ShenoticedtherewasarealvoidinqualitySTEMeducationatall27ofthepubliceducationalsystem.Shesaid,“IstartedEngineeringForKids(EFK)afternoticingareallackofmath,scienceandengineeringprogramsto28myownkidsin.Shedecidedtostartanafterschoolprogramwherechildren29inSTEM-basedcompetitions.Theclubgrewquicklyandwhenitreached180membersandthekidsintheprogramwonseveralstate30,shedecidedtodevoteallhertimetocultivatingand31it.TheglobalbusinessEFKwasborn.DoribeganoperatingEFKoutofherVirginiahome,whichshethenexpandedto32recreationcenters.Today,theEFKprogram33over144branchesin32stateswithintheUnitedStatesandin21countries.Saleshavedoubledfrom$5millionin2021to$10millionin2021,with25newbranchesplannedfor2021.TheEFKwebsitestates,“Ournationisnot34enoughengineers.Ourphilosophyistoinspirekidsatayoungagetounderstandthatengineeringisagreat35.26.Gexposure27.Llevels28.Fenroll29.Oparticipated30.Cchampionships31.Edeveloping32.Mlocal33.Noperates34.Jgraduating35.Bcareer匹配题36.Tobecurious,weneedtorealizefirstofallthattherearemanythingswedontknow.HMoreover,inordertobecurious,youhavetoawareofagapinyourknowledgeinthefirstplace.AlthoughLeslieperhapspaintsabitbroadlyincontendingthatmostofus