中医英语术语翻译重点.docx

中医英语术语翻译重点中医英语术语翻译重点天人相应Correspondenceofhumanbodyandnaturalenvironment辨证论治treatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation针灸acupunctureandmoxibustion寒凉药物herbscoldandcoolinnature滋阴降火nourishingyinandreducingfire整体观念conceptofholism开窍(ofthefivezang-organs)openinto生长化珍藏sprout,grow,transform,ripenandstore同病异治differenttherapeuticmethodsusedtotreatthesamedisease异病同治sametherapeuticmethodusedtotreatingdifferentdiseases从阴引阳drawingyangfromyin阴平阳秘balanceofyinandyang寒极生热extremecoldgeneratingheat热极生寒extremeheatgerneratingcold病机总纲generalruleofpathogenesis祛风散寒eliminatingwindanddispersingcold实则泻之treatingexcesssyndromeswithreduction虚寒证deficiencycoldsyndrome实热症excessheatsyndrome潜阳熄风suppressingyangandeliminatingwind补其缺乏supplementinsufficiency泻其有余reduceexcess五行学讲thetheoryoffiveelements木曰曲直woodcharacterizedbybendingandstraightening火曰炎上firecharacterizedbyflaringup土爰稼穑earthcharacterizedbysowingandreaping金曰从革metalcharacterizedbyclearingandchanging水曰润下watercharacterizedbymoisteninganddescending母病及子illnessofmothervisceraaffectingthechildone子病及母illnessofchildvisceraaffectingthemotherone相乘相侮overrestrictionandcounter-restriction心火亢盛exuberantfireintheheart肾阳式微declinationofkidneyyang平肝和胃soothingtheliverandharmonizingthestomach水火不济betweenwaterandfire奇恒之腑extraordinaryfu-organs藏象学讲thetheoryofvisceralmanifestation藏而不泻storagewithoutdischarge泻而不藏dischargewithoutstorage形体诸窍physicalbuildandvariousorifices其华在面thelustermanifestingupontheface满而不实fullbutnottobesolid实而不满solidbutnottobefull心主血脉heartgoverningbloodandvessels肺司呼吸lungcontrollingbreathing脾主运化spleengoverningtransportationandtransformation肝主疏泄livercontrollingconveyanceanddispersion肾主藏精kidneygoverningstoringessence面色无华lusterlesscomplexion汗血同源sweatandbloodsharingthesameorigin升降出入ascending,descending,goingoutandgoingin宣发肃降dispersion,purificationanddescent后天之本acquiredbaseoflife肝气逆上upwardadverseflowofliverqi先天之精innateessence奇恒之腑extraordinaryfu-organs孤俯isolatedfu-organ腐熟水谷digestwaterandfood七冲门thesevenimportantportals胆主决断Thegallbladderisresponsibleformakingjudgment泌别清浊separatingthelucidfromtheturbid大肠主津Thelargeintestinegovernsthinbodyfluid小肠主液Thesmallintestinegovernsthickbodyfluid先天禀赋innateness温养腑脏warmingandnourishingtheviscera津血同源bodyfluidandbloodsharingthesameorigin气为血帅，血为气母Qicommandsthebloodandthebloodcarriesqi.益气固脱nourishingqitostopcollapse奇经八脉eightextraordinaryvessels十二经筋tendonsofthetwelveregularmeridians舒经活络soothingmeridiansandactivatingcollaterals刺络拔罐collateralprickingandcuppingtherapy腠理闭塞stagnationofinterstitialspace湿邪困脾pathogenicdampnessobstructingthespleen外感六淫sixexcessespathogenicfactors饮食劳倦mproperdietandoverstrain阳常有余，阴常缺乏Yangisusuallyexcessivewhileyinisfrequentlydeficient.四大经典FourGreatClassic:HuangdisCanonofMedicine黄帝内经ClassicofDifficulties难经ShennongsClassicofMateriaMedica神农本草经RreatiseonColdDamageandMiscellaneousDiseases伤寒杂病论四气fourproperties:cold,hot,warm,cool五味fiveflavors:sour,bitter,sweet,pungent,salty(中药)七情sevenconditionsofingredientsinprescriptionsSingleeffect,mutualreinforcement,mutualassistance,mutualrestraint,mutualinhibition,mutualantagonism,mutualsuppression寒凉派LiuWansu-SchoolofColdandCool攻下派ZhangCongzheng-SchoolofPurgation补土派LiGao-SchoolofReinforcingtheEarth滋阴派ZhuZhenheng-SchoolofNourishingYin辛温中药herbspungentintasteandwarminnature辛凉中药herbspungentintasteandcoolinnarure向日为阳，背日为阴Thesidefacingthesunbelongstoyangandthereversesidetoyin,血液常行的前提条件：心气充沛，血液充盈，脉道通利Normalcirculationofblood:abundanceofheartqi,sufficiencyofblood,vesselsareprerequisite.四气；元气primordialqi，宗气pectoralqi，营气nutrientqi，卫气defensiveqi内生五邪；内风，内寒，内湿，内燥，内火Fiveinternalexcesses;internalwind.internalcold,internaldampness,inrenaldryness,internalfire内伤七情Internalinjuryduetosevenemotions;joy,anger,anxiety,thought,sorrow,fear,fright怒则气上，喜则气缓，悲则气消，恐则气下，惊则气乱。思则气结;excessiveangerdrivesqitoflowupward,excessivejoymakesqisluggish,excessivesorrowconsumesqi,excessivefeardrivesqitoflowdownward,excessivefrightdisordersqi,excessivethoughtstagnatesqi,六淫：风寒暑湿燥火wind,cold,summerheat,dampness,dryness,fire阴阳关系：opposeeachother,dependoneachother,waneandwaxbetweeneachother,transformbetweeneachother.五行特征：generation,restriction,subjugation,counter-restriction.气的功能：promoting,warming,defending,consolidating,transforming气血关系：qigeneratesblood,qipropelsblood,qicommandsbloodtocirculateinsidevesselstoavoidbleeding,bloodgeneratesqi,bloodcarriesqi.气与体液的关系：qigeneratesbodyfluid,qipromotestheflowofbodyfluid,qicontrolsbodyfluid,bodyfluidcarriesqi,bodyfluidgeneratesqi.气冲门分类：飞门flyingportal唇lips户门houseportal齿teeth吸门inhalingportal会厌epiglottis贲门cardia胃上口upperoppeningofthestomach幽门pylorus胃下口loweropeningofthestomach阑门railingportal小肠下口与大肠上口连接处conjunctionofthelargeintestineandsmallintestine魄门corporealsoulportal肛门anus精气为满，水谷为实。五藏但藏精气，故满而不实；六腑则不藏精气，但受水谷，故实而不能满也。essenceischaracterizedbyfullnessandfoodbysolidness.sincethefivezangorgansonlystoreessence,theycanjustbefull,butnotsolid;thefunctionofsixfuorgansistoreceivefoodbutnottostoreessence,theycanonlybesolidbutnotfull.