英语16种时态-讲解.docx

英语16种时态-讲解第2章动词的时态一.概念:时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态.英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变化来实现的.英语有16种时态,但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般如今时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,如今进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去完成时,英在完成时和如今完成进行时.将来完成时1构成willhavedone2概念a.状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。例如：Theywillhavebeenmarriedfor20yearsbythen.到那时他们结婚将有二十年了。b.动作完成：表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或获得的经历。例如：YouwillhavereachedShanghaibythistimetomorrow.明天此时，你已经到达上海了如今进行时如今进行时的基本用法：a.表示如今指讲话人讲话时正在发生的事情。例如：Wearewaitingforyou.我们正在等你。b.习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，讲话时动作未必正在进行。例如：Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.他在写另一部小讲。讲话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。c.表示渐变，这样的动词有：get,grow,become,turn,run,go,begin等。例如：Theleavesareturningred.叶子在变红。It'sgettingwarmerandwarmer.天越来越热了。d.与always,constantly,forever等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有讲话人的主观色彩。例如：Youarealwayschangingyourmind.你老是改变主意。过去进行时1概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。2过去进行时的主要用法是描绘一件事发生的背景；一个长动作延续的时候，另一个短动作发生。3常用的时间状语有thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when,while等。例如：Mybrotherfellwhilehewasridinghisbicycleandhurthimself.我兄弟骑车时摔了下来，受了伤。Itwasrainingwhentheyleftthestation.他们离开车站时，正下着雨。WhenIgottothetopofthemountain,thesunwasshining.我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂。将来进行时1概念：表示将来某时进行的状态或动作，或按预测将来会发生的事情。例如：She'llbecomingsoon.她会很快来的。I'llbemeetinghimsometimeinthefuture.将来我一定去见他。注意：将来进行时不用于表示"意志"，不能讲I'llbehavingatalkwithher.2常用的时间状语有soon,tomorrow,thisevening，onSunday,bythistime，tomorrow,intwodays,tomorrowevening等。例如：Bythistimetomorrow,I'llbelyingonthebeach.明天此时，我正躺在海滩上呢。15.一般如今时代替一般将来时When,while,before,after,till,once,assoonas,solongas,bythetime,if,incasethat,unless,evenif,whether,themoment,theminute,theday,theyear,immediately等引导的时间状语从句，条件句中，用一般如今时代替将来时。例如：HeisgoingtovisitherauntthedayhearrivesinBeijing.他一到北京，就去看他姨妈。16.一般如今时代替一般过去时1"书上讲"，"报纸上讲"等。例如：Thenewspapersaysthatit'sgoingtobecoldtomorrow.报纸上讲明天会很冷的。2叙述往事，使其生动。例如：Napoleon'sarmynowadvancesandthegreatbattlebegins.拿破仑的军队正在向前挺进，大战开场了17.一般如今时代替如今完成时1有些动词用一般如今时代替完成时，如hear,tell,learn,write,understand,forget,know,find,say,remember等。例如：Ihear=haveheardhewillgotoLondon.我听讲了他将去伦敦。Iforget=haveforgottenhowoldheis.我忘了他多大了。2用句型"Itissince"代替"Ithasbeensince"。例如：Itis=hasbeenfiveyearssincewelastmet.从我们上次见面以来，五年过去了。18.一般如今时代替如今进行时。在Herecomes/Theregoes等句型里，用一般如今时代替如今进行时。例如：Theregoesthebell.铃响了。19.如今进行时代替将来时1表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动。例如：Areyoustayingwithusthisweekend?和我们一起度周末好吗?Weareleavingsoon.我们马上就走。2渐变动词，如get,run,grow,become,begin以及霎时动词die等。例如：Heisdying.他要死了。20.时态一致1假如从句所叙述的为真理或相对不变的事实，则用如今时。例如：Atthattime,peopledidnotknowthattheearthmoves.那时，人们不知道地球是动的。Hetoldmelastweekthatheiseighteen.上星期他告诉我他十八岁了。2宾语从句中的，助动词ought,need,must,dare的时态是不变的。例如：HethoughtthatIneednottellyouthetruth.他以为我不必告诉你真相。三.稳固练习:1、Illgivethebooktohimassoonashe_back.2、Hasthebaby_cryingyet?(stop)3、IdontknowwhetherMother_metoBeijingnextmonth.(take)4、She_onhercoatandwentout.(put)5、“Whataretheydoing?“They_readyforthesportsmeeting.(get)6、Theboyaskedhismother_himgoandplaybasketball.(let)7、Imsorrytokeepyou_foralongtime.(wait)8、It_(take)himhalfanhour_(finish)hishomeworkyesterday.9、Ifit_aninterestingfilm,wellseeittomorrow.(be)10、Theyusually_(do)theirhomeworkaftersupper.11、Listen!Who_(sing)inthenextroomnow?12、_(be)yourparentsinShanghailastyear?13、Mr.Yu_(teach)usmathssince1982.14、TheywillhaveatriptotheGreatWallifit_(notrain)tomorrow.15、LiMingoften_(listen)totheradiointhemorning.16、A:“Father,mayIgooutandplayfootball?B:“_you_(do)yourhomework?17、Allthepeopleinthetownareglad_(hear)thatafamousmusician_aconcertthisSaturdayevening.(give)18、Ourteachertoldusifit_(notsnow)wewouldvisittheScienceMuseumthenextday.19、Theyoften_(play)footballintheafternoon.20、A:WhatreyoudoingDad?B:I_(mend)theradio.21、Lets_(carry)theboxestothehouse.22、Yesterdayshe_(want)verymuchtoseethefilm,butshecouldnt_(get)aticket.23、I_(write)toyouassoonasIgettoShanghai.24、Mike_(visit)severalplacessincehecametoBeijing.25、He_(write)fourletterstohiswifeeverymonth.26、Dontmakeanynoise,Grandma_(sleep).27、Hisaunt_(do)somecookingwhenhecamein.28、Whenthey_(reach)thestation,thetrainhadalreadyleft.29、There_(be)ameetingnextMonday.30、We_(know)eachothersinceourboyhood.31、Sometimesmyfather_(come)backhomelate.32、They_(have)anEnglisheveningnextweek.33、Imveryglad_(hear)that.34、WeiFangisnthere.She_(go)tothereading-room.35、Thestory_(happen)longago.36、They_(visit)theHistoryMuseumlastweek.37、ZhangHong_(make)manyfriendssinceshecametoParis.38、She_(go)tothecinemawithherclassmatestomorrowevening.39、Stayhere,bag.Dontgoout.It_(rain)now.40、LiPing_(write)acompositioneveryweek.41、Thescientist_(give)usatalkyesterday.42、Myparents_(live)inBeijingsince1949.43、Look!Theyoungworker_(show)thestudentsaroundthefactorynow.44、They_(build)anewbridgeovertherivernextyear.45、Thestudents_(clean)theirclassroomtomorrow.46、Thewindowsofourlab_(clean)onceaweek.47、Ourteacher_(join)thepartytwentyyearsago.48、Theboys_(have)abasketballmatchnow.Lets_(go)and_(watch).49、She_(work)inthisfactoryfortenyears.50、“Whatmakesyou_(think)Imafarmer?theFrenchmanasked.四.答案文档视界2022/8fdbd62f7f21af45b307e87101f69e314332fab520ltfcpkyeb.htmles2.stopped3.willtake4.put5.aregetting6.tolet7.waiting8.tooktofinish9.is10.do11.issinging12.Was13.hastaught14.doesntrain15.listens16.Havedone17.tohearwillgive18.didntsnow19.play20.ammending21.carry22.wanted,get23.willwrite24.hasvisited25.writes26.issleeping27.wasdoing28.reached29.willbe30.haveknown文档视界2022/8fdbd62f7f21af45b307e87101f69e314332fab520ltfcpkyeb.htmles32.willhave33.tohear34.hasgone35.happened36.visited37.hasmade38.willgo39.israining40.writes41.gave42.havelived43.isshowing44.willbuild45.willclean46.iscleaned47.joined48.arehaving,gowatch49.hasworkedthink