2020小学英语语法知识点汇总.docx

2020小学英语语法知识点汇总2020小学英语语法知识点汇总任何科目的学习，在考点知识上都需要有系统的总结和记忆，这样才能够有效的在考试中提分。只要清楚的了解每个知识点的规律，并熟记于心，才能不落入考点“陷阱。下面是我为大家整理的关于小学英语语法知识点汇总，希望对您有所帮助。欢迎大家浏览参考学习!小学英语语法知识点汇总1.人称代词主格：Iweyousheheitthey宾格：meusyouherhimitthem形容词性物主代词：myouryourherhisitstheir名词性物主代词：mineoursyourshershisitstheirs2.形容词和副词的比拟 (1)一般在形容词或副词后+erolder,taller,longer,stronger (2)多音节词前+moremoreinteresting,etc. (3)双写最后一个字母，再+erbiggerfatter,etc. (4)把y变i，再+erheavier,earlier (5)不规则变化：well-better,much/many-more,etc.3.可数词的复数形式Mostnouns+sabookbooksNounsendinginaconsonant+y-y+iesastorystoriesNounsendingins,sh,chorx+esaglassglassesawatch-watchesNounsendingino+sor+esapianopianosamangomangoesNounsendinginforfe-forfe+vesaknifeknivesashelf-shelves4.不可数名词(单复数不变)bread,rice,water,juice等。5.缩略形式Im=Ia，youre=youare，shes=sheis，hes=heisits=itis，whos=whois，cant=cannot，isnt=isnot等。6.a/anabook,apeachanegg，anhour7.Prepositionon,in,infrontof,between,nextto,near,beside,at,behind.表示时间：atsixoclock,atChristmas,atbreakfastonMonday，on15thJuly，OnNationalDayintheevening，inDecember，inwinter8.基数词和序数词onefirst，two-second，twenty-twentieth9.some/anyIhavesometoysinmybedroom.Doyouhaveanybrothersorsisters?10.be动词 (1)Basicform:am/are/is (2)肯定和否认句Iam(not)fromLondon.Myeyesare(not)small.Myhairis(not)long. (3)一般疑问句：AmIaChniese?Yes,youare.No,youarent.AretheyAmerican?Yes,theyare.No,theyarent.Isthecatfat?Yes,itis.No,itisnt.11.therebe构造肯定句：ThereisaThereare一般疑问句:Isthere?Yes,thereis./No,thereisnt.Arethere?Yes,thereare./No,therearent.否认句：Thereisnt.Therearent.12.祈使句SitdownpleaseDontsitdown,please.13.如今进行时通常用“now.形式：be+verb+ingeg:Iam(not)doingmyhomework.You/We/Theyare(not)reading.He/She/Itis(not)eating.动词ing的形式Mostverbs+ingwalkwalkingVerbsendingine-e+ingcomecomingShortverbsendinginavowel+aconsonantrunrunningswimswimming14.一般如今时通常用“usually,often,everyday,sometimes。肯定句：Igotoschoolonfooteveryday.Shegoestoschoolonfooteveryday.一般疑问句:Doyoujumphigh?Yes,Ido./No,Idont.Doeshejumphigh?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesnt.否认句：WedontgotoschoolonSundays.MymotherdoesntlikewatchingTVintheevening.15.情态动词can,must,should后面直接用动词原形。eg:1.I/He/She/Theycansing.2.Youshouldkeepquietinthelibrary.16.一般过去时态 (a)be动词的过去式:I/He/she/itwas(not).You/we/theywere.一般疑问句was,were放在句首。 (b)动词过去式：肯定句：Iwatchedcartoons.Shevisitedthezoo.一般疑问句：Didyoureadbooklastnight?Yes,Idid.No,Ididnt.Didshecleanthedeskjustnow?Yes,shedid.No,shedidnt.否认句：Theydidntgothethepartyesterday.Hedidntmakemodelshipslastweek. (3)动词过去式的变化：规则动词的变化：Mostverbs+edeg.planted,watered,climbed。Verbsendingine+degliked。Verbsendinginaconsonant+y-y+iedeg:studystudiedShortverbsendinginavowel+aconsonanteg:stop-stopped不规则动词的变化：is/amwas,arewere,dodid,have/hashad,makemade,fly-flew,eatate,taketook,runran,singsang,drinkdrank等等17.Wh-questionsWhatareyoudoing?Whatcolourisit?Whattimeisit?/Whatsthetime?Whichisyourwatch,theyellowoneorthewhiteone?Whosthemanwithabignose?Whosebagisit?Whenisyourbirthday?Whereismyballpen?Whydoyoulikesummer?Howmanybooksarethereintheschoolbag?Howoldistheyoungman?Howmuchisthetoybear?Howdoyougotoschooleveryday?1、一般如今时A、表示不受时限的客观存在如：Heisaboy.Sheisastudent.Mymotherisanurse.Thisisadog.Ihaveabook.B、表示如今的习惯动作，即指如今经常发生的动作，一般如今时常用来表示如今时间里某种动作的经常性和习惯性。它常与表示程度或频度的词连用，如：often(经常),usually(通常，一般),sometimes(有时),always(总是，一直),never(从不)如：Ioftengotoschoolonfoot.Myfatherworksinaschool.MikewatchesTVeveryday.Iusuallyplaycomputergamesontheweekend.C、表示现时的状态和如今霎时动作.如：Howareyou?Youlookhappy.Whatsthematterwithyou?Ihaveaheadache.Whatdoyouhaveforlunch?Ihavesomechicken.注意英语动词的如今时与原形同形。但当主语是第三人称单数时，须在词尾加s或-es。例如：Ihaveafishfordinner.Hermotherworksinahospital.Amyoftengoestoschoolbybike.Mr.LiuteachesusEnglish.加-es的动词必须是以“sh,ch,o等字母结尾的。如：watches,teaches,goes,washes2、一般将来时表示在将来会发生的事或动作。它常与表示将来的时间连用，如：tomorrow,nextweek,nextyear,thismorning,thisafternoon,thisevening等注意一般将来时小学阶段主要学了两种构造：begoingto+动词的原形/地点will+动词的原形例句：Imgoingtogoshoppingthisafternoon.SheisgoingtoHongKongnextweek.Youwillseemanybirdsinthesky.3、如今进行时表示讲话时正在进行的动作或现阶段一直在进行的动作。注意它的构成是：be的如今时形式(am,is,are)加动词的ing形式。如：Whatareyoudoing?Imwritingaletter.Whataretheydoing?Theyreswimming.Isheplayingchess?Yes,heis.Look,AmyisreadinganEnglishbook.注意动词的ing形式的构成规则：一般的直接在后面加上ing,如doing,going,working,singing,eating以e结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing，如having,writing双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有：running,swimming,sitting,getting4、一般过去时主要用来表示在特定过去时间中一次完成的动作或一度存在的状态，可以表示过去的习惯动作。它与如今时间不发生关系，它表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。它经常与表示过去的时间连用。如：Iwenttoaparkyesterday.Ireadabooklastnight.IwatchedTVyesterdayevening.Iwentonabigtriplastweekend.IfailedmyChinesetest.注意一般过去时主要体如今动词的形式要用过去式，动词的过去式的构成规则有：A、规则动词一般直接在动词的后面加ed;如worked,learned,cleaned,visited以e结尾的动词直接加d;如lived,danced,used以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如studystudiedcarrycarriedworryworried(play、stay除外)双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如stoppedB、不规则动词(此类词并无规则，须熟记)小学阶段要记住下面动词的原形和过去式：singsang,eatate,seesaw,havehad,dodid,gowent,taketook,getgot,readread,am/iswas,arewere,saysaid,telltold,comecame,drinkdrank