中西方餐桌礼仪英文.ppt

The dining product as a result of factor and so on region characteristic, climatic environment, manners and customs influences, will appear in raw material, the taste, the cooking method, the food habit varying degree difference. Was precisely because of these differences, the dining product had the intense localization. Between China and the West cultures difference has accomplished China and the West diet culture difference, but this kind of difference and gets along with people the philosophy from the West different thinking mode. The Chinese pays great attention “the beauty to unite”, the westerner pays great attention .SITTING 入席In China, any banquet, only will have one form, will be everybody sits in a circle all round. The banquet must use the round table, this formally has created one kind of unity, politeness, altogether the interest atmosphere. The delicacy delicacies place a table of persons center, it is not only the object which table of people appreciate, taste, is also a table of person sentiment exchange intermedium. Westerners treat with a long table, men and women sit in the owner at both ends, and then the guest of honor men and women in the press and the general order of the guests seating arrangements. Tableware 餐具ChopsticksKnives and forks For the main or meat curse, the English keep the fork in the left hand, point curved downward, and bring the food to the mouth either by sticking the points onto it or in the case of soft vegetables, by placing it firmly on the fork in this position with the knife. Chopsticks are used to eat most kinds of Chinese foods.Hold your chopsticks towards their end, not in the middle or the front third when dining with them. When you are not using your chopsticks, or have finished eating, lay them down in front of you with the tips to left. The order of dishes in the WestDinner start with a small dish, which is often called an a starter .After the starter you will get a bowl of soup.The next dish is the main course,it usually is a beefsteak . A vegetable salad will be served.Then a delicious dessert will appear at the table .At last is a cup of tea or coffee. The order of dishes in ChinaThe meal usually begins with a set of at least four cold dishes, to be followed by the main courses of hot meat and vegetable dishes. Soup then will be served to be followed by staple food ranging from rice, noodles to dumplings. If you wish to have your rice to go with other dishes, you should say so in good time, for most of the Chinese choose to have the staple food at last or have none of them at all.Manners in the West1) As soon as the hostess picks up her napkin, pick yours up and lay it on your lap. Sometimes a roll of bread is wrapped in it; if so, toke it our and put it on your side plate.2) The Soup CourseDinner usually begins with soup. The largest spoon at your place is the soup spoon. It will be beside your plate at the right-hand side.3) The Fish CourseIf there is a fish course, it will probably follow the soup. There may be a special fork for the fish, or it may be similar to the meat fork. Often it is smaller.4) The Meat CourseThe main Course is usually served by the host himself, especially if it is a fowl(鸡禽） or a roast which need to be carved. He will often ask each guest what piece he prefers, and it is quite proper to state your preference as to lean or fat, dark（红肉） or light（白肉）.5) Helping Yourself and RefusingIf a servant passes food around, he will pass the dish in at your left hand so that you can conveniently serve yourself with your right hand. Never serve yourself while the dish is on your right; it is then the turn of your neighbor on the right. It is polite to take some of everything that is passed to you. But if there is something you may not like, you may quietly say: No thank you.”6) Various rules and SuggestionsSit up straight on your chair; Do not put much food in your mouth at a time; Drink only when there is no food in your mouth; Try not to get into your mouth anything that will have to be taken out; Do not make any nose when you eat; Do not clean your teeth at the table or anywhere in public, either with your finger or a tooth pick(牙签）, not even with you tongue.The role of the hostWhen a guest is invited to a home for dinner, probably the most important job o the host is the preparation of the food. At a typical western guest dinner there are three different courses: a starter/appetizer, such as soup, fruit and juice or salad. The main course, and the dessert.Much western food can be prepared in advance, and the main meat dish often needs cooking for an hour or more. So compared with Chinese food, the host has relatively little last minute cooking to do. When the guest arrives, everything is usually almost ready, and when the meal is served, the host sits down at the table with everyone else.At a typical western meal people have their own individual servings of food, and compared with a Chinese meal, there is much less variety and smaller quantities. When everyone has finished the appetizer, the host may occasionally offer some more, but often simply collects the dishes and serves the next course.When the guests have almost finished everything on their plates, the host will offer them some more. Then when it seems that everyone has had sufficient, the plates and dishes are collected and removed to the kitchen. Often most of the food on the table will have been eaten. After this the dessert will be served. It is not usually polite to smoke at the table during a western meal. When the whole meal is over, it is common for the host to suggest that everyone moves to more comfortable chairs, such as in the sitting room, to have some tea or coffee, or more alcoholic drinks. People then chat there until the guests decide to leave.The role of the guestWhen people receive an invitation to someones home for dinner, one of the questions they may consider is whether they should take a present with them or not. Westerners seem to differ in their customs with regard to this. Age, religion and social background all have an influence, so it is difficult to make generalizations. Many people take no present at all, esp. if they expect to give a return invitation at a later date, but others always take a small gift, such as wine, flowers or chocolates. If people take wine, they may expect this wine to be served. However, if the guests take no gift, most English speakers would not be offended.Another question that guests have to consider is their time of arrival. Usually in the west it is impolite to arrive earlier than the stated time, in case the host is still busy preparing. So most people arrive either on time or about five minutes later. For example, if the host has invited the guest to come at 6:00, then it is best to arrive between 6:00 and 6:05. to arrive earlier than 6:00 or much later than five past six would be regarded as somewhat impolite, unless the people are very good friends.After the guests have arrived and the meal is about to be served, the host will ask everyone to sit down at the table. Usually the host will indicate where the guests should sit. Then the food will be served. In the western culture, when eating at a persons home, it is considered impolite to leave anything but a small amount of food on your plate, so it is important to eat almost everything that is served. Since there is little choice in a western meal, this may cause some difficulties.During the main course, most of the dishes are placed in the center of the table, so the guests can take what ever they want. Unlike at a Chinese meal, though, where people continuously take a little and eat a little, it is normal at a western dinner to place a relatively large amount of food on the plate at the beginning of the meal and then eat all of this before taking any more. When the host sees that the guests have almost finished the food on their plates, the host will normally offer some more. But unlike at a Chinese meal, this will usually only occur once or twice during a course. It is important, therefore, for the guests to take a suitable amount of food at the start of the main course when everyone is helping themselves. If they take too much, they may have difficulty in finishing the food, and will thereby cause offense. On the other hand, if they take too little, and the host only once or twice offers them some more, they may find that they are still hungry!During the course of the meal, and esp. at the beginning, it is polite for the guests to compliment the host on the food. At the end of the meal, and also when leaving, it is polite for the guests to thank the host and to comment again that they enjoyed the food.When your have known these culture differences between Chinese and west, you will not feel embrassed when you go abroad.Chinese eating habits Eating habitsSit around the tablethe dishes are placed in the centre ofthe table foreverybody to shareEveryone has their own bowl, usually with rice in it, eat with chopsticksServe the rice to parents first. youngest members address the elderly members and say “chi fan” before a meal starts pass food to the elderly first before taking it for yourself.Manners in China1)Spitting Out the BonesIn China it is common practice to spit things out on the table or the floor. Often food has small pieces of bone or other inedible parts that need to be removed from the mouth. Using chopsticks, a hand or a tissue is a polite way around the problem. 2)Touching Tables Though in the West it is sometimes considered rude to put ones elbows on the dining table, this is quite acceptable in China, particularly when eating noodles. 3)Noise and Smoking Eating noisily is allowed in China.Slurping, smacking the lips and leaving the mouth open when eating can be viewed as demonstrating enjoyment of the food and a friendly atmosphere in China.Smoking is also permitted in most Chinese restaurants. A way round this, in larger restaurants, is to request a side room for your meal, which will have its own door to insulate you from the noise and smoke.4)DessertEating something sweet for dessert is not a Chinese custom. Sweet things can be found hidden among everything else on a Chinese menu. Fruit salads and caramel covered apple are Chinese sweet dishes that are popular with Westerners.5)DrinkingBeer is very popular in China.The other popular alcoholic drink is rice wine. Beware, this can be very strong .In China, drinking alcohol is still mainly a male custom.Male guests are routinely offered alcohol and cigarettes at meal times. Just politely refuse if you dont want them. An empty glass is always refilled, no matter about protests that the guest has had enough, as a mark of politeness or good will. Often a refusal has to be given three times.Eating in the Public Orderingfood Wo yao yi ge dan chao fan 我 要 一 個 蛋 炒 饭 May I have one egg fried rice?Askingfor bills买单(Mai Dan)_ChineseMay I have the bill?_EnglishRole Play Waiter: 你好! 你要什么? ni hao!ni yao shenme? (Hello!What would you like to have?) Guest: 我要一个蛋炒饭wo yao yi ge dan chao fan (I would like to have one egg fried rice) Waiter: 好的hao de (ok) Guest: 再要一瓶可乐zai yao yi ping ke le (and one coca cola) Waiter: 好的!请稍等hao de! qing shao deng(ok, just one moment please) Guest: 谢谢(Thank you)