浏览理解词义猜想题专练(一)_.docx

浏览理解词义猜想题专练(一)_浏览理解词义猜想题专练(一)浏览理解词义猜想题专练(一)浏览理解词义猜想题专练(一)(题干加黑的为词义猜想题)A(2016·湖南省十三校高三联考)Asastarcomputerscientist,CristinaFonsecahadlotsofjoboffers,butsheturnedthemalldown.ShedecidedtostartherownbusinessTalkdesk.ShelivesinPortugalbutdoesbusinessallovertheglobebyusingsoftware.Theglobaleconomyworkswellforsuchpeople.Buttheworldofworkhasbeenlesskindtootheryoungfolks.FlorenceMoreau,ayoungarchitectinParis,hadthedoublemisfortunetoleaveuniversityin2020,whentheworldeconomywasonitsknees;andtobeFrench.“Ireallyneedafull-time,permanentjob，shesays.UnderFrance's3,800-pagelabourcode,workersonpermanentcontractsreceivegenerousbenefitsandareextremelyhardtogetridof.SoFrenchfirmshaveallbutstoppedhiringpermanentstaff:Four-fifthsofnewemployeesareonshort-termcontracts.MsMoreauhashadeightjobs,nonelastingforlongerthan16months.Withasmallchildathome,shehastokeeplookingforthenextone.“It'stiring，shesighs.Joblessnessmatters.Thelongerpeopleareoutofwork,themoretheirskillsandtheirself-confidenceatrophy,_thelessappealingtheylooktopotentialemployersandthemorelikelytheyaretogiveup.Tradeunionsoftenfavouraminimumwage.Thiscanhelpthosewhoalreadyhavejobs,butifitissettoohighitcancrowdoutthosewiththefewestskillsandtheleastexperience,whotendtobeyoung.Alaboursystemwherecompaniescanhireandfireeasilyisurgentlyneeded.Makingiteasierforyoungpeopletostarttheirownbusinessisessential,too.Theymaybefullofenergyandopentonewideas.Also,thereisahugemismatcheverywherebetweentheskillsthatmanyyoungpeoplecanofferandtheonesthatemployersneed.MsFonsecasaysshecannotfindtherighttalentforTalkdesk.Aseconomiesgrowmorecomplex,demandforpracticalskillswillkeeprising.Theworld'sschoolsarenotevenclosetomeetingit.1WhatcanwelearnaboutCristinaFonseca?AShedoesbusinessonlyinPortugal.BWhenseekingajob,shewasrefusedmanytimesbyemployers.CHercompanyisnotrelatedtoinformationtechnology.浏览理解词义猜想题专练(一)浏览理解词义猜想题专练(一)DShecan'tfindthetalentsshewants.2Whatdoestheunderlinedword“atrophyinParagraph4mean?AIncrease.BShrink.COvercome.DSurvive.3Whycan'tMoreaufindapermanentjob?AEmployersdon'twanttogiveworkersgoodwelfare.BShedidn'tfinishuniversitystudies.CTheworldeconomyisbooming.DTheFrenchgovernmenthasn'ttakenanymeasuresforunemployment.4Whichmeasureisactuallyuselessforunemployment?AMakinglabourrulesmoreflexible.BTrainingstudentstogainskills.CRaisingtheminimumwage.DEncouragingyoungpeopletostartcompanies.B(2016·河南省豫东、豫北十所名校阶段性测试五)Ibelieveintakingactiontosolveproblemsaroundme.Passivelyacceptingthestatusquo(现状)issomethingthatdoesn'tevencrossmymind.Mymotherwrotepoetry,books,andletterstotheeditortotrytochangetheworldsomewerepublished;othersremainedmanuscriptsthatsheworkedandreworkedwithcommentsfromauthorssherespected.Shedidnotsitstill.When,atninety-three,illnessleftheronlyashorttimetolive,shetoldmethatshehadsubmittedherrecentbookofpoetrytoapublisherbuthadn'treceivedaresponsefromthem.SoIcalledthepublisher,onlytolearnthatthecompanyhadstoppedoperatingforlackofmoney.Asmymother'shealthwasslippingquickly,therewasn'ttimetofindadifferentpublisher.Afterafewweeksoffeelinghelpless,Ibegantolookforanothersolution.Luckily,Ifoundaprinter,whowastouchedbymymother'sstoryandquicklymovedintoactionwithme.WeworkedtogethertocompletethebookjustafewdaysbeforeIlefttoseemymotherforthelasttime.Ihandedittohergift-wrapped.Herpainmedicationmadeithardforhertoseeandthinkclearly,andshestruggledtoreadthetitleofthebookIhadgivenher.Whenshefinallyrecognizedhertitle,herfacesoftenedintoasmile.“Youremembered，shesaidandthenpassedawaywithnoregret.AndthenIknewshehadexpectedallalongthatIwouldn'tsit_on_my_handswhenintroubleandtakeactionactively.Notfindingasolutionwasn'tanoption.Andthishasguidedmethroughsomuchofmylife.Iliveintheworldofeducationandopportunity.Thisisadailychallenge.Whenfacedwithaproblem,Ican'tsimplyshrugmyshouldersandsay,“Idon'tknow.WhileIcan'tchangethe浏览理解词义猜想题专练(一)浏览理解词义猜想题专练(一)worldalone,Ican'tacceptthestatusquo,andIneedtotakeaction.5Whydidtheauthor'smotherreceivenoresponseaftersubmittingherrecentpoetry?AThereadersdidn'tlikeherworks.BShewasnotawell-knownwriter.CThepublisherwentoutofbusiness.DHerillnessshockedthepublisher.6Howdidtheauthor'smotherreactwhenseeingherbookpublished?AShepassedawaywithoutanyregret.BShedecidedtowritemoreworks.CSherecoveredfromherillness.DShewastooilltosayanything.7Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“sitonmyhandsinParagraph4probablymean?AWorkup.BKeepcalm.CFeeldepressed.DDonothing.8Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromhermother?AIt'snevertoolatetowrite.BActionspeakslouderthanwords.COnegoodturndeservesanother.DTwoheadsarebetterthanone.C(2016·石家庄市高中毕业班模拟考试)Forvisitors,TellerLakeinColoradolookslikeafishbowlfilledwiththousandsofgorgeousgoldfish.However,totheColoradoParksandWildlifeDepartmenttheyareagroupofdangerousspeciesthatcouldendupdestroyingthelake'secosystem.Theproblemisthatthesefisharen'tnativetothelake,whichmeanstheyhavenopredators(捕食者).Thisallowsthemtomultiplyinlargenumbers.Parkofficialsbelievethatmostofthemarearesultofafewunwantedpetgoldfishthatwerethrownintothelake.Whilethatmayappeartobeakindthingtodo,itisextremelydangerous,nottomentionillegal.That'sbecauseasthisnon-nativespeciesgrowinnumbers,theycompetewiththeexistingfishforfoodsourceslikesmallinsects.Giventhatthereisonlyalimitedsupplyofresources,thiscouldresultinthegoldfishoverpoweringthenativefishspecies.InthecaseofTellerLake,theofficialsareparticularlyworriedthatthegoldfishwillmovedownstreamandaffectthepopulation浏览理解词义猜想题专练(一)浏览理解词义猜想题专练(一)ofsomeoftheendangerednativespeciesthatlivethere.Anothermajorcauseforconcernisthediseasesthegoldfishmaybecarrying.TheColoradoParksandWildlifebiologists,therefore,havenooptionbuttoremovethefishfromthelakeinthemostefficientmanner.Thefishwillthenbefedtoinjuredbirdslikeeaglesandosprey.Expertssaythatmostownersbelievetheyaredoingthe“rightthingbyreturningtheirpettothewilderness.However,savingonepetoftenresultsindestroyingthearea'secosystemandhurtingotheranimals.Accordingtoexperts,thebestwaytodispose_ofunwantedfishoranyotheranimalistogetadvicefromthepeoplethatsoldthepet.9WhydidthedangerousgoldfishappearinTellerLake?ATheywerebornintothelake.BTheywerethrownbyParkofficials.CTheywereabandonedbytheirowners.DTheywerebroughtinbysomebiologists.10Howisthelake'secosystemlikelytobeinfluencedbythegoldfish?ANativefishmaybeeatenbythem.BNewdiseasesmaybebroughtin.CThelakewatermaybepolluted.DFoodsourcesmaybeincreased.11Whatwillhappentothegoldfishafterthey'recaught?AThey'llbekilledatonce.BThey'llbecomefoodforbirds.CThey'llbesetfreedownstream.DThey'llberaisedinthefishbowl.12Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“disposeofinthelastparagraphprobablymean?AAttendto.BTakeover.CGetridof.DHoldonto.词义猜想题专练(一)A语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。主要阐述了目前严峻的就业形势及其原因。1选D细节理解题。根据最后一段“MsFonsecasaysshecannotfindtherighttalentforTalkdesk.可知，Fonseca女士没能找到她想要的人才。故答案选D。2选B词义猜想题。根据语境可知，人们失业时间越长，他们的技能和自信就会越萎缩，对潜在的雇主就越没有吸引力，更有可能放弃。由此可推知，画线词“atrophy应与“shrink意思相近，意为“萎缩。故答案选B。3选A推理判定题。根据第三段“UnderFrance's3,800-pagelabourcode.areonshort-termcontracts.可推知，Moreau找不到永久工作的原因是雇主不想给工人好的福利。故答案选A。4选C推理判定题。该题提问的是哪种措施对失业无用。根据文章最后四段可推知，浏览理解词义猜想题专练(一)浏览理解词义猜想题专练(一)提高最低工资对解决失业问题是无用的。故答案选C。B语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的母亲喜欢写作，并发表了一些作品。在作者的母亲病危之际，她的一本诗集还未得到出版商的回复。作者为帮母亲完成愿望，想办法给母亲出版了那本诗集，并从中学到：不要被动地接受现状，而是要积极采取行动。5选C细节理解题。根据第三段“SoIcalledthepublisher,onlytolearnthatthecompanyhadstoppedoperatingforlackofmoney.可知，作者的母亲没有收到回复是由于出版商破产了。故选C。6选A细节理解题。根据第四段“Whenshefinallyrecognized.withnoregret.可知，作者的母亲看到本人的书出版后，毫无遗憾地离开了人世。故选A。7选D词义猜想题。分析句子构造可知，画线短语与“takeactionactively意思相反，所以画线短语应与“donothing意思相近，意为“什么都不做，符合语境。故选D。8选B推理判定题。根据最后一段“.Ican'tacceptthestatusquo,andIneedtotakeaction.可知，作者从母亲身上学到：碰到困难时，不要讲我没有办法，而是要积极采取行动去解决问题。A项意为“写作永不嫌晚；B项意为“行胜于言；C项意为“礼尚往来；D项意为“三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。故选B。C语篇解读：本文是一篇科普讲明文。由于人们将宠物金鱼放生到科罗拉多州的特勒湖里，进而使湖水中原有物种遭到威胁，毁坏了其生态平衡。9选C推理判定题。根据第二段“Parkofficialsbelieve.werethrownintothelake.可知，导致特勒湖出现危险金鱼的原因是宠物金鱼被主人遗弃并扔进了湖里。故选C。10选B推理判定题。根据第三段“Anothermajorcauseforconcernisthediseasesthegoldfishmaybecarrying.可知，金鱼可能会携带新的疾病，进而对湖里的生态系统造成影响。故选B。11选B细节理解题。根据第四段“Thefishwillthenbefedtoinjuredbirdslikeeaglesandosprey.可知，人们将金鱼从湖里捕捉出来后会将其喂给一些受伤的鸟，即它们会成为鸟类的食物。故选B。12选C词义猜想题。根据第二段中的“afewunwantedpetgoldfishthatwerethrownintothelake并结合全文可知，特勒湖的生态平衡因人们随意向其投放不要的宠物金鱼而遭到严重毁坏，威胁着湖水中原有物种；画线词后的“unwanted与第二段中的“unwanted相照应。由此可推知，disposeof应与“thrown同义。C项意为“消除，摆脱，与其意思最接近；A项意为“注意，专心；B项意为“接手，接管；D项意为“抓紧，均与语境不符。故选C。