中考英语被动语态专题复习课件 (2).ppt

被动语态被动语态专项专项复习复习花山中学花山中学 陈家会陈家会2.- Who washes your clothes? - My clothes are washed by my mother/ myself/washing machine. 洗衣机洗衣机4.- Who waters flowers at your home? -The flowers are watered by my father6.- Who does the dishes at your home? -The dishes are done by my father7.- Who makes your bed at your home? -My bed is made by myself.步骤二：考点精解步骤二：考点精解 1.被动语态基本用法：被动语态基本用法： 当句子的主语是动作的当句子的主语是动作的执行者执行者时，谓语的形式是时，谓语的形式是主动语态主动语态。当句。当句子的主语是动作的子的主语是动作的承受者承受者时，谓语时，谓语要用要用被动语态被动语态。被动语态由助动词。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词过去分词构成，时态通过构成，时态通过be表表现出来。现出来。2.2.规则动词的过去分词：规则动词的过去分词：1)1)一般情况在动词原形后一般情况在动词原形后加加-ed-edwatch-watched2)2)以不发音以不发音e e结尾的加结尾的加-d-dpractice-practiced3)3)以辅音加以辅音加y y结尾的，去结尾的，去y y变变i i加加-ed-edstudy-studied4)4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母， 先双写该辅音字母，再加先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed-edstop-stopped3.3.不规则动词的过去分词不规则动词的过去分词：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone主动语态：主动语态：His brother washes bowls every day主（执行者）主（执行者）谓谓宾宾(承受者承受者)Bowls are washed byhis brother every day.4. 主动语态被动语态主动语态被动语态添添加加5.主动变被动的方法主动变被动的方法:People speak English in the world.主 谓 宾English is spoken by people in the world. 总结: 主语主语be+ P.P(过去分词)by +宾语宾语1.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.6.一般现在时的被动语态：一般现在时的被动语态：S(主语）主语）+am/is /are +过去分词过去分词Football is played (by them) on Sunday.The homework is done (by Lucy )in the evening.Computers are often used (by them) in class.These machines are made (by us)in Beijing.He looked after the little baby yesterday.主谓谓(动介动介)宾(承受者)The little baby was looked afterbyhim yesterday .主动语态：主动语态：被动语态：被动语态：2. They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.7.一般过去时的被动语态：一般过去时的被动语态：S+ was/were +过去分词过去分词The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.This room was used for resting by them. 注：动词短语作谓语，变被动语态时，不能注：动词短语作谓语，变被动语态时，不能省掉短语中的介词或副词，如例省掉短语中的介词或副词，如例2).Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主谓谓宾宾(承受者承受者)The room will be cleaned byTom tomorrow.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.8.一般将来时的被动语态：一般将来时的被动语态： S+ will+be+过去分词过去分词 Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.9.9.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词的被动语态： S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词过去分词1.He can take care of the baby.2.Lucy may draw the pictures.3.You must turn off the lights.4.They should learn English well. The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them.Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.10. 现在进行时的被动语态：现在进行时的被动语态： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词过去分词We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.11. 现在完成时的被动语态：现在完成时的被动语态： S+ have/has + been+过去分词过去分词一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：一般将来时：一般将来时： 情态动词：情态动词：现在进行时现在进行时:现在完成时：现在完成时： S+ am/is /are + done(过去分词过去分词)S+can/may/must/should+be+done (过去分词过去分词) S+ will + be + done (过去分词过去分词)S+ is/am/are + being+ done(过去分词过去分词)S+ have/has + been+ done(过去分词过去分词)S+ was/were + done(过去分词过去分词)12.各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成 13. 被动语态的用法被动语态的用法 Football is played all over the world My bike was stolen我的自行车被盗了。我的自行车被盗了。 一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：出动作的执行者时。例如：一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：作的执行者时。例如：二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：时。例如：三、汉语中含有三、汉语中含有“据说据说”、“据悉据悉”、“据报据报道道”、“大大 家说家说”等时。例如：等时。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house . It was reported that her mother died of SARS(非典非典). 众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 例如：例如： It is well known that Yao Ming is a basketball player. 据推测据推测 It is supposed that 例如：例如： It is supposed that it will rain tomorrow.四、汉语中含有四、汉语中含有“被被”、“由由”等词时。例如：等词时。例如： Tina is asked to come by Paul （Tina是是被被Paul叫来的叫来的.）五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如： He was born in October，1989 14.14.主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况: :一、一、 使役动词使役动词和和感官动词感官动词在主动结构中，后面接不带在主动结构中，后面接不带to的不定式，但如果改成被动句，则需把省略的的不定式，但如果改成被动句，则需把省略的to加上加上，这类动词有：，这类动词有：hear, see, watch, make, help, let等等。 1) I heard him sing last night. He was heard to sing last night. 2) We saw him walk into the building. He was seen to walk into the building. 3) The boss made them work 10 hours a day. They were made to work 10 hours a day. 4) They watch the children sing that morning. The children were watched to sing that morning.二、含双宾语的二、含双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态主动语态变为被动语态 1) Someone gave the boy an apple. (间接宾语间接宾语) (直接宾语直接宾语) An apple(物物) was given_ the boy. The boy（人）（人） was given an apple. 2) His father bought him a present. A present （物）（物）was bought _him. He（人）（人） was bought a present. to for1. Show（出示出示） sth to sb / show sb sth sth（物）（物） is shown to sb. sb（人）（人） is shown sth2. Give（给给） sth to sb / give sb sth sth（物）（物） is given to sb sb（人人） is gvien sth3. Bring（带来带来） sth to sb / bring sb sth sth（物）（物） is brought to sb sb（人）（人） is brought sthRead and learn(Read and learn(读并掌握读并掌握):):4. buy(买买) sth for sb / buy sb sth sth（物）（物） is bought for sb sb（人）（人） is bought sth5. Make（作作） sth for sb / make sb sth sth（物）（物） is made for sb sb（物）（物） is made sth Read and learn(读并掌握读并掌握):have been givenhas been givenwere taughtherwas taught to uswas shownwere shownto me1.1.用所给动词的正确形式填空用所给动词的正确形式填空2.Be2.Be动词的正确形式填空动词的正确形式填空3.3.句型转换句型转换: :用所给动词的正确形式填空用所给动词的正确形式填空1. Too much water by him every day. (drink)2. Five apples by Tom every day. (eat)3. I _often_by her. (help)4.She _often _by me. ( hit)1.Many trees _planted by us every year.2.1000 trees _planted by us last year. 3. A knife _ used to cut apples.4. The students _ asked to have breakfast. 用用be的正确形式填空的正确形式填空观察观察: be动词有动词有_,_和和 _的变化的变化.is drunkare eatenhelped is hit are weream时态时态人称人称数数isare1.Many trees are planted by people every year. Many trees arent planted by people every year.Are many trees planted by people every year? What is planted by people every year? Who are many trees planted by every year? By whom are many trees planted every year? Many trees are planted by people every year,arent they? People plant many trees every year. 句型转换:英汉互译英汉互译:1.她是由我帮助的. 2.她受到了帮助.3.南方种水稻.4.每天要用很多水.5. 山上种了很多树.She is helped by me.She was helped.Rice is grown in the south.A lot of water is used every day.Many trees are planted on the hill.句型转换:1.We dont speak Japanese at school.(被动语态) Japanese _ _ by us at school.2. The desk is made by Tom.(主动语 态) Tom _ the desk. 3. Its made in China,_ _?(反意疑问句)4. The thief was caught ,_ _?(同上）5.Tom, be, by, the model plane, make （连词成句） isntspokenmakesisntitwasntheThe model plane is made by Tom. 步骤五：权威中考预测步骤五：权威中考预测( )1.The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty thing into it.(南京市中考题）南京市中考题） A be stopped to throw B be stopped from throwing C stop to throw D stop from throwing ( )2.This book _ often _from the library.(北京市中考题）北京市中考题）A arent take away B taken awayC isnt taken away D be taken away3.He _ _ (tell) to return his books to the library yesterday. (黄冈市中考题）黄冈市中考题）was toldBc5. Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week (济南市中考题）济南市中考题） another man-made satellite into space last week.(变主动语态变主动语态)7.People there planted many trees last year. many Trees _ _ by people there last year. (青岛市中考题）青岛市中考题）8. They grow vegetables on the farm. The vegetables _ _on the farm（上海市（上海市中考题）中考题）TThey sent upwere planted are grown步骤七：检测与模拟考试步骤七：检测与模拟考试(家庭作业家庭作业) （一）（一） 把下列句子变为被动语态把下列句子变为被动语态1.He cleans the classroom everyday.2.They finished their homework.3.I can mend his bike.4.She will buy ten books tomorrow.5.We shouldnt allow them to go out with their friends.6.The old man often makes us laugh.Class is over!Class is over!See you next time!See you next time!