2021-2022年收藏的精品资料知识管理审计报告研究.doc

知识管理审计报告研究摘 要 针对知识管理审计报告的研究目前还是一个空白,笔者认为它是一个审计意见的载体,具有建设性和防护性的作用。文章对知识管理审计报告的要素和编制要领进行了探讨。 关键词 知识管理 审计报告 作用 要素 随着知识 经济 时代的到来,知识管理作为重要的管理思想越来越多地受到组织的关注。但知识管理审计却没有受到相应的重视,致使知识管理项目的成功率大打折扣。而针对知识管理审计报告研究更是闻所未闻。笔者“小试牛刀”,以期抛砖引玉,丰富知识管理理论。 一、知识管理审计报告的定义 虽然知识管理审计已经开始在一些组织中实施应用, 但知识管理审计报告却没有一个严格的定义。审计报告是指“审计师根据审计准则的要求,在实施审计工作的基础上对被审计单位的 会计 报表发表意见或无法发表意见的书面文件。”根据这个定义,笔者认为知识管理审计报告也至少应该体现审计依据、审计对象、审计时间等基本要素。目前知识管理审计尚未形成统一的标准,使用较多有HyA-K-Audit、Delphi Group 的KM2、F. W. Horton 的InfoMap 法等。知识管理审计的对象是组织内的知识、知识工作者、知识环境、知识的收集、知识共享和知识创新。审计时间对于财务审计来讲一般都是事后审计,而知识管理审计事前、事中、事后都可以。因此笔者认为,知识管理审计报告就是审计师依据一定的审计方法,在实施审计工作的基础上对被审计项目发表审计意见或无法发表审计的书面文件。此处提到的“无法发表审计意见”是因为审计师可能受到主观或客观因素的影响而无法收集到充分、适当的审计证据以支持审计意见的情形。 二、知识管理审计报告的作用 1.防护性作用 知识管理的实施已经掀起一股热潮。然而当前的统计数据表明,知识管理项目的成功率最多只有15%。产业分析家预测, 到2003 年仅财富500 强就会因为知识管理项目的失败损失315亿美元。审计师通过出具不同类型审计意见的审计报告,可以提高或降低 企业 决策者对知识管理项目的依赖或期望程度。帮助组织了解到底需要哪些知识以及如何管理这些知识。因此,知识管理审计报告能够在一定程度上对被审计单位的财产、债权人和股东的权益及企业利害关系人的利益起到保护作用,能够对知识管理部门盲目的或缺乏效果、效率、经济性的项目起到制约作用。 2.建设性作用 知识管理审计报告着眼于组织管理部门的战略、控制、目标、结构及决策的最优性,它是在对公司知识资源进行系统的、 科学 的考察和评估的基础上提出诊断性和预测性的审计意见。知识管理审计报告应该指出知识及其管理的症结所在,如决信息超载、重复劳动造成的交流成本高、效率低下等问题,揭示信息供给方面的差别和信息流程中缺失的环节,帮助组织识别信息需求并将其与组织的信息资源相匹配,提高知识管理实践,显示价值链在人、组织和顾客中形成的过程,指出通过知识共享和组织学习应用杠杆作用的方式和途径。 12下一页 审计论文文章三、知识管理审计报告的要素 根据详略程度,审计报告可以分为简式审计报告和详式审计报告;按照使用目的可以分为公布目的审计报告和非公布目的的审计。笔者认为知识管理审计报告主要用于指出知识及其管理存在的问题和帮助组织改善经营管理,故应当属于详式审计报告和非公布目的的审计报告。根据审计文书的基本要求,其要素应该包括以下八项: 1.标题。全面的知识管理审计报告的标题应该为“关于+(被审计单位)+(时间)+的+知识管理审计报告。专题知识管理审计报告的标题应在(时间)后面加上专题名称。被审计单位的名称应该写全称,避免引起误解;时间可以是被审计事项已经或将要发生的时间,也可以是正在发生的时间。 2.收件人。审计报告的收件人一般是业务的委托人或授权人。如果是外部审计,委托单位与外部审计机构一般会签署业务约定书(合同),此时的收件人应是审计师按照业务约定书的要求致送审计报告的对象;如果是内部审计,则审计项目往往是管理部门授权审计,此时审计报告的收件人为授权人。 3.引言段。知识管理审计报告的引言段应当依次说明审计立项的依据;被审计事项的性质和范围;审计事项的要求和执行时间;其中审计对象的范围至少应当指明知识管理项目实施的时间和部门;审计事项的要求和执行时间是业务约定书或授权人的具体要求。 4.范围段。知识管理审计报告的的范围段应当说明已经实施的审计工作;所依据的审计标准;审计责任等。审计工作应当按照相关的技术标准计划和实施了审计程序,这些审计工作足以获得充分、适当的审计证据以支持审计师的审计意见。审计责任应当指出知识管理审计报告属于诊断性的管理建议,仅供管理部门内部 参考 ,因使用不当造成的后果与审计师和审计单位无关,即不承担 法律 责任。 5.意见段。意见段应该是知识管理审计报告的核心部分,因而也就占据了审计报告的最大篇幅。一份审计报告的质量高低主要取决于意见段。这一段应该具体说明以下三个具体内容: (1)对被审计事项的基本评价。审计师应当描述知识管理在组织中的战略地位、知识管理的基础建设、知识管理实施模式或战略、知识管理实施现状、知识管理部门的人力资源、知识管理实施的安全性和效益性等。进行了上述有关内容的说明以后,审计师对被审计事项做出了基本的评价,总括性的说明被审计事项的优劣。在基本评价的基础上对成绩、问题进行分析。 (2)主要成绩和问题。知识管理的事后或事中审计要说明主要经验和成绩、不足和缺陷。审计报告应当描述知识收集、知识共享、知识创新的情况及意识;描述信息流的有序性和及时性;评价学习机制、商务智能和知识储备途径等;说明在知识管理实践过程中特定的人对特定的知识资源拥有的安全和权限级别;评价知识获取的安全性和及时性;评价知识管理人员素质和知识管理绩效等。在分析的基础上肯定成绩, 总结 经验;指出问题,吸取教训。 知识管理的事前审计要分析组织的知识基础和知识需求,找出知识差距和知识流,并判断它们对经营目标的影响,以确定组织知识管理的战略或知识管理的实施模型是否 科学 合理。报告最后要说明知识管理项目的可行性,提出预测性的报告。其目的是减少决策失误,实现决策科学化。 (3)改进意见和建议。这部分内容不是必须的,即如果项目可行或实施效果良好,则可以省略。但如果知识管理项目存在重大缺陷,此处应该是知识管理审计报告的重要内容。此时审计师应该针对审计项目存在的问题和不足之处提出意见和建议,包括:解决问题的办法、可以采取的措施、可供选择的方案等。但此处应当说明,这些建议仅供内部参考、不具备鉴证作用。 6.审计师签名盖章。知识管理审计报告应当由项目负责人(或审计组组长)签名盖章。社会审计还应该加盖事务所合伙人或主任 会计 师的章。 7.审计机构及地址。审计报告应当载明审计机构的名称及地址,并加盖审计机构的公章。 8.报告日期。审计报告最后应当写明审计报告日期。审计报告日期为审计工作完成日,即应当实施的审计程序均已经实施完毕。 四、知识管理审计报告的编制要领 知识管理审计报告的编制人应当是项目负责人或审计组组长。由于被审计单位的经营环境千差万别,因此以上八个要素在审计报告中地位、所占篇幅不尽相同。审计师应该根据实际需要来表达这些内容。为了保证权威性,在写作中应该注意以下要领: 1.要根据知识管理的审计目标进行严格选材。它包括陈述的真实性、优劣性、差距性和潜在性的各种题材。要有事实、有数据、有比较、有分析。 2.要依据审计报告的基本要素安排好报告的结构。因为结构是报告的骨架,是科学组织报告材料的必要手段,既要体现出完整性,又要顺理成章。防止公式化倾向。 3.注意措辞。知识管理审计报告在本质上属于管理审计范畴,其语言应体现出“评价和建议”。意见段的开头应该使用“我们认为”的术语,而不宜使用“我们确信”或“我们保证”等绝对化的语言,“绝对可行”、“完全正确”会误导管理部门的决策。同时也应避免使用模糊不清、态度暧昧的语言,如“大致可以”、“基本可行”等,这样的语言会降低审计报告的权威性和可信性。 4.审计报告提交或出具之前,应充分听取知识管理专家的意见,使审计报告的内容经得起推敲,更令人信服。 参考 文献 : 1 中国 注册会计师协会:审计M.北京: 经济 科学出版社,2005年第一版,368 2冯 静:知识管理实施的第一步知识审计J.情报科学,2004(5) 3石爱中 胡继荣:审计研究M.北京:经济科学出版社,2002,350 12 审计论文文章organization system and working mode, the selection of a number of municipal strengthening group to build innovation and strengthen the organization of the basic level organizations advanced model.(seven) the manual work of the Communist Youth League Organization published < > and < > League branch of manual work, to promote the use of two manuals in the city's organizations at various levels. The county committee, directly under the group (work) is under the jurisdiction of grassroots League and group (total) using branch ratio shall not be less than 70%.Three, to further strengthen the group's leadership and team building(a) to strengthen the league's leadership at all levels of construction. Continue to do a good job of municipal Party Committee Organization Department "on the strengthening of the Communist Youth League cadres management opinions implementation. To promote the group counties (autonomous counties, cities) Commission and city directly under the group (workers) appointed to carry out the" Five "team building activities. Improve the League Association Department working mechanism. Conscientiously fulfill the duties of CO, combined with the city group directly under (the) Committee of the general election and the adjustment, actively jointly with the unit where the party organization department good group leadership selection with the work. Do a good job in municipal Party committee assistant committee leadership and leading cadres of the annual assessment work, adhere to and improve the assistant secretary of the Communist Youth League talk system group To weave individual conversation and collective conversation, to strengthen the committees of all levels, the Standing Committee of the Standing Committee, the establishment of a sound system of central group learning, the system of investigation and study, the system of important issues and the reporting system.(two) to strengthen the work of education and training of cadres to conscientiously implement the Central Committee. "On the implementation of grassroots cadres training project and opinions on carrying out the" mission municipal CYL Cadres training project implementation opinions, full implementation of the project of the City Youth League cadres training education. Focus on the county grassroots cadres and workers focused on training, the new school system vocational training League cadres, for the Municipal Organization Department jointly held the third session of the Communist Youth League system training cadres in party. Focusing on the construction of new socialist countryside, strengthening village cadres and rural construction team group member of the young team, the county organizations at various levels throughout the year is expected to train 100 00 rural grassroots cadres, plans to train 1000 village secretary of the village Party branch.(three) actively promote grassroots cadres election work. Under the unified leadership of the party organization, to strengthen grassroots organizations direct work, standardize the election work rules and procedures, in the designated candidate, open competition to democratically elected branch secretary at the same time, actively and steadily the development of Township, streets and other grassroots organizations in the direct election of the pilot work, on the basis of summarizing the experience and gradually expand the scope of the pilot, and gradually formed a set of measures and cadres election system.(four) to strengthen the cadres testing exercise. To study the development of <XX city from 2006 to 2008 cadres testing exercise planning. To select outstanding cadres to the central mission in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other central organs and sending work in developed areas. With the Central Committee the implementation of the western region and ethnic minorities cadres training plan "". To carry out the eighth batch of municipal organs attachment cadre management, selection, training work. The outstanding cadres to start the National Development Bank XX branch testing exercise.(five) to strengthen the group construction. The main position to play the role of Youth League cadre education and training as the city, in accordance with the requirements of post training, further curriculum scientifically and rationally, adopt "arrangement menu" course, basic theory includes group work, focus, hot and difficult issues, to enhance the content and practice; to strengthen the construction of teaching staff, the integration of teachers, establish a quality teacher training team, establish and implement course evaluation system; take delivery of training to the countryside, on-site training, and increase the rural grassroots cadres training efforts.Four, efforts to strengthen the work of young talent(a) to tenth XX young 54 medal in recognition of the publicity, and actively explore the XX youth service. 54 Medal of institutionalization, standardization and socialization mechanism. Give full play to the XX award in recognition of 54 youth medal Association, Youth Award winner in the 54 chapter, investigation activities. Who won the Youth Service medal, dedication to the society to create conditions, build the stage. During the 54, named in recognition of the tenth XX young 54 medal. The association of <XX editing of young talent ", the exchange of information and communication platform for the XX of outstanding young talents.(two) the establishment of municipal Party committee of young talent information database. In accordance with the "feasible, effective, classification management, implement step by step" principle, the establishment of municipal Party committee of youth talent database; guiding organizations at various levels generally established the young talent database, construction of city, county (directly under the Communist Youth League), grassroots organizations three young talent information database the relevant information collection system, and gradually establish the city's young people, the Communist Youth League youth talent information network, provide information platform for young talent resource development.Five, take effective measures to strengthen the mission management(a) to strengthen the mission management work. Strengthen the dues collection and management, continue to adhere to the dues collection regularly reporting system, the annual comprehensive award in recognition of the tour and the tour one vote veto system audit system. Do statistical work in the group. The group service award in recognition of the advanced units, standardization, promoting group management work institutionalized.(two) to strengthen the organization of research and information exchange efforts. Grassroots carry out research, efforts to form a number of theoretical results. Make full use of the network carrier, to explore the establishment of electronic group service system, promote the work of Communist Youth League information.Attachment 4:XX municipal Party Committee Propaganda Department of the Communist Youth League work pointsIn 2006, the Communist Youth League propaganda ideological work XX to Deng Xiaoping theory and the important thought of "Three Represents" as guidance, study and implement the party's sixteen and the spirit of the the fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee implementation of the eight plenary session of the two committee, the city's cultural work conference, the Propaganda Department of the meeting and the the fourth Plenary Session of the 15th CPC Central Committee permanent mission spirit, closely around "11th Five-Year XX" the goal of full implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development, emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, keep pace with the times, close to reality, close to life, close to the young, persevere grasp orientation, grasping deepening, grasping construction innovation, further improve the group's propaganda and ideological work ability, unity To guide the majority of members of the youth to achieve the "11th Five-Year" planning tasks, the overall construction of a well-off society, building a socialist harmonious society to make new contributions.One, adhere to the "Three Represents" important thought and Scientific Outlook on Development education to guide the youth, to further strengthen the ideological and political education of youth(a) armed with youth science theory. Unremittingly with Deng Xiaoping theory and the important thought of "Three Represents" armed members of youth education, to promote the study and implement to expand the depth and breadth. To study and implement the important thought of "Three Represents" with the establishment and implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development combine with the implementation of the requirements of constructing socialist harmonious society with Scientific Outlook on Development, carry out education as an important part of the theory of armed youth in the new period, strengthen the establishment and implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development education, educate and guide the youth to fully understand the great significance of establishment and implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development, in-depth understanding of the Scientific Outlook on Development era back The king, the practice foundation, basic connotation, historical status, spirit and practice requirements, a profound understanding of Scientific Outlook on Development with Marxism Leninism, Mao Zedong thought, inheriting and developing relationship between Deng Xiaoping theory and the important thought of "Three Represents", to help young people establish and consciously practice Scientific Outlook on Development. Persist in learning, grasping the backbone, grasp the practice, grasp the opportunity. Catch club, effective way to grasp the network, with the group of cadres, young students and young backbone fronts as the focus, to promote the work of the armed youth theory to develop in depth, to help the youth continue to firm ideals and beliefs, to build a powerful spiritual pillar. To carry out the study and implementation of the party's sixteen session of the five Eight plenary session of the two plenary session of the Central Committee and the party spirit, to the city's Youth League members thinking into the spirit of the meeting, to achieve the goal of national consciousness and XX economic and social development in 11th Five-Year "period. Contribute to help and guide the youth to a profound understanding of the significance and main task of building a socialist harmonious society, actively join the construction of socialist harmonious society.(two) to strengthen the ideological and moral construction of teenagers. Thoroughly implement the central spirit of the document No. 8, No. 16 and "the program for Improving Civic Morality" to minors and students as focus groups, to strengthen and improve the ideological and moral construction of minors and the ideological and political education of college students. Make full use of the spirit and the spirit of the Three Gorges migrants Hongyan XX unique the use of educational resources, school, into the team, the league, to join the party, adult occasions, extensive "Hongyan spirit generation" theme education activities. Use of holidays and leisure time, youth o