2017年全国高考英语真题分类汇编---时态语态及动词词义辨析解析.docx

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上2017年全国高考英语真题分类汇编-动词时态语态和词义辨析1. （北京卷24.） _ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday? Yes. They are happy with it.A. Did you call B. Have you called C. Will you call D. Were you calling答案：A, 分析：yesterday表示过去的时间，要用一般过去时，句意：“-你给那个公司打电话来弄清他们对我们产品的看法了吗？-是的，他们对我们的产品很满意”。所以选A。2. （北京卷29）. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _ yet. A. havent invented B. havent been invented C. hadnt invented D. hadnt been invented答案：D, 分析：in the 1950s是过去的时间，而到那时还没有无线电话，说明是“过去的过去”，句意：“在美国20世纪50年代，多数家庭家里只有一部电话，并且无线电话还没被发明出来。”所以用过去完成时，选D。3（北京卷33）. People_better access to health care than they used to, and theyre living longer as a result.A. will haveB. haveC. hadD. had had答案：B, 分析：than they used to,说明是现在和过去对比，且后半句and后are living longer用的是现在进行时，所以是现在时系列，句意：“人们有了比过去更好的医疗，人们活得更长久了。”所以选B。4.（北京卷 34）. If the new safety system _ to use, the accident would never have happened. A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put答案：A, 分析：根据后一句would never have happened判断这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，if条件句要用had done形式，句意：“如果新的安全系统被使用的话，这场事故就不会发生。”所以选A.5. （天津卷5）. Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter _, get married, and have kids.A. settled down B. keep off C. get up D. cut in答案：A, 本句考查动词短语词义辨析。A. settle down 安顿下来、定居，安静下来，开始专心于某工作，着手认真做某事；B. keep off 避开、防止，远离；C. get up起床，起立，（风雨）开始变得猛烈，组织某事；D. cut in插嘴，强行超车，开通（机器的一部分），让某人加入（秘密赚钱计划）。句意：“布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来，结婚生子。”所以选A。6. （天津卷6）. Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.A. regard B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regards答案：B, 分析：along with 连接并列主语时谓语采用就远原则，即只看句首主语的单复数形式，而本句句首主语是cycling,谓语要用第三人称单数形式，句意：“现代，骑自行车和慢跑、游泳被看作最全能的运动形式之一。”所以选B。7.（天津卷 8）. I _down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.A. was driving B. have driven C. would drive D. drove答案：A, 分析：when I suddenly found表明是过去的某个时间点所发生的动作，句意：“当我发现走错路的时候，我正开往伦敦。”所以选A。8. （天津卷15）. Do you have Bettys phone number? Yes. Otherwise, I _able to reach her yesterday.A. hadnt been B. wouldnt have been C. werent D. wouldnt be答案：B, 分析：otherwise用来引导含蓄虚拟语气的句子，用来代替if条件句，此时只考虑主句谓语动词的变化，yesterday表明与过去事实相反，句意：“-你有Betty的电话号码吗？-我有，否则，我昨天就不能给她打通电话了。”所以选B。9.（江苏卷 22）. _not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it答案：B, 分析：本句考查省略if的虚拟语气，需要构成部分倒装，即把系动词/助动词/情态动词提到主语前面，根据主句“could not overcome her difficulty”判断是与现在事实相反，句意： “要不是老师的支持，这个学生就不能克服困难。”所以选B。10. （江苏卷24）.The publication of Great Expectations, which_ both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens, status as a leading novelist.A. is B. are C. was D. were答案：C, 分析：本句考查时态和主谓一致，主语是publication，因此谓语要用第三人称单数，由后边主句谓语strengthened判断是一般过去时，句意：“远大前程的出版得到了广泛认可和高度赞扬，这加强了狄更斯作为杰出小说家的地位。”所以选C。11.（江苏卷 25）.Working with the medical team in Africa has _the best in her as a doctor.A. held out B. brought out C. picked out D. given out答案：B, 分析：本题考查动词短语辨析，A. hold out坚持，提供机会，伸出手；B. bring out使显现，阐明，出版，使某人更自信、开朗；C. pick out挑选，分辨出，把衬托出来，缓慢或困难地弹奏；D. give out用完，停止运行，分发，公布，精疲力竭。句意：“在非洲同医疗队一起工作已经使她表现出了最好的一面。”所以选B。12. （江苏卷27）.He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he_.A. was being followed B. was following C. had been followed D. followed答案：A, 分析：此句的if引导宾语从句，译成“是否”，并不是考查虚拟语气，follow是“跟踪”的意思，应该是“被跟踪”，要用被动语态，而主句谓语hurried是一般过去时，说明恰恰是在他回家过程中发生的动作，要用进行时，综合考虑应该选用过去进行时的被动语态，句意：“他匆忙回家，从没回头看是否被跟踪。”所以选A。13. （江苏卷30）.A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _your year ahead.A. shape B. switch C. stretch D. sharpen答案：A, 分析：本句考查动词词义辨析。A. shape塑造，形成，决定的发展方向；B. switch转变，交换，调班；C. stretch 伸展，拉长，使变松，绵延，使某人施展才华，延伸消耗；D. sharpen 使尖锐，提高，变得清晰，使更紧迫、增强。句意：“在年末快速回顾一年来的成功与失败能够帮助你决定未来一年的发展方向。”所以选A。14. （江苏卷31）.Hes been informed that he _for the scholarship because of his academic background.A. hasnt qualified B. hadnt qualified C. doesnt qualify D. wasnt qualifying 答案：C, 分析：主句谓语是现在完成时，宾语从句陈述的是现在的客观事实，应该用一般现在时，句意: “他已经被通知由于他的学术背景，他没有资格获得奖学金。”所以选C。15. （浙江卷62）.She suspected that one of her three daughters then ten, eight, and six had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't. Pahlsson and her husband  62   (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing.答案：searched, 分析：根据62空前一句主句谓语动词suspected及本句but后谓语动词turned都是一般过去时，并且时间状语then“那时”也表示过去，因此 62空也应该用一般过去时，所以用searched。句意：“她怀疑是她三个女儿当中的某个拿走了这个戒指-当时分别为10岁、8岁和6岁，但是女儿们都说没拿。Pahlsson和她丈夫找遍了厨房的每个角落，但都没找到。”16. （全国I卷64）.When fat and salt     64      (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something.答案：are removed, 分析：本句考查主谓一致，根据主语fat and salt是两件并列事物判断要用谓语复数形式，主句谓语tastes是一般现在时，本句表达的是客观事实，所以64空要用一般现在时的被动语态are removed。句意：“当脂肪和盐分被从食物中剔除时，食物吃起来就好像缺了些什么。”17. （全国I卷67）.Fast food      67     (be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.答案：is, 分析：本句说明的是客观事实，且food是不可数名词，谓语动词要用第三人称单数，所以用is。句意：“快餐中包含很多脂肪和盐分，吃快餐越多，人们所摄取的盐分和脂肪比人体所需要的就会更多。”18. （全国II卷65）.Steam engines _65_(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using it every day.答案：were used, 分析：本句考查主谓一致和时态，根据主语engines判断谓语动词要用复数形式，根据and后谓语动词must have been判断是过去时（情态动词+have done结构表示的动作都与过去时有关），且however之后的句子谓语proved也是一般过去时，所以本句该用一般过去时，综合考虑该用were used。句意：“一些蒸汽机被用来拉客车车厢，因为既有浓烟又有噪音，对于乘客来说很不舒服。但是，铁路的发明很快证明是伟大的成功，不到6个月，就有25000多人每天都使用它。”19. （全国II卷68）. Later, engineers _68_(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the Tube. This development was only possible with the introduction of electric-powered engines and lifts.答案：managed, 分析：本句考查动词时态，根据定语从句中的谓语became和后一句的谓语was是一般过去时判断，本句也要用一般过去时，所以用managed。句意：“后来工程师们又设法建立了深的隧道铁路系统，作为Tube而闻名。只有电力机车和升降机的引入才有可能实现这一发展。”20. （全国III卷63）. Instead, Sarah is earning $6500 a day as a model in New York. Sarah  63   (tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter 44, wants her to give up school to model fulltime.答案：was told/has been told, 分析：根据后面宾语从句谓语could be和前后语境判断应该用一般过去时，而Sarah是第三人称单数且被别人告诉，所以用was told。句意：“然而，Sarah现在在纽约作为模特每天正赚6500美元。有人告诉Sarah她可以做英国的新超模，下一年可赚100万美元。他44岁的爸爸想让她放弃学业做全职模特。”21. （全国III卷69）.Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69  (come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling.”答案：comes, 分析：根据前一句谓语thinks,后一句谓语dont want和时间状语at the moment判断该用一般现在时，且主语school是第三人称单数，所以用comes。句意：“我爸爸认为我应该接受这个聘用，但这时我认为学业更重要，我不想完全沉浸于模特事业中。”专心-专注-专业