2022年职称英语考试《综合类》A类真题（阅读理解：第三篇）.docx

2022年职称英语考试综合类A类真题（阅读理解：第三篇）短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第三篇HowWeFormFirstImpressionWeallhavefirstimpressionofsomeonewejustmet.Butwhy？Whydoweformanopinionaboutsomeonewithoutreallyknowinganythingabouthimorher-asideperhapsfromafewremarksorreadilyobservabletraits？Theanswerisrelatedtohowyourbrainallowsyoutobeawareoftheworld.Yourbrainissosensitiveinpickingupfacialtraits.Evenveryminordifferenceinhowaperson'seyes,ears,nose,ormouthareplacedinrelationtoeachothermakesyouseehimorherasdifferent.Infact,yourbraincontinuouslyprocessesincomingsensoryinformation-thesightsandsoundsofyourworld.Theseincomingsignalsarecomparedagainstahostofmemoriesstoredinthebrainareascalledthecortex（皮质）systemtodeterminewhatthesenewsignalsmean.Ifyouseesomeoneyouknowandlikeatschool,yourbrainsaysfamiliarandsafe.Ifyouseesomeonenew,itsays,newandpotentiallythreatening.Thenyourbrainstartstomatchfeaturesofthisstrangerswithotherknownmemories.Themoreunfamiliarthecharacteristics,themoreyourbrainmaysay,Thisisnew,Idon'tlikethispersonOrelse,I'mintrigued（好奇的）.Oryourbrainmayperceiveanewfacebutfamiliarclothes,ethnicity,gestures-likeyourotherfriends；soyourbrainsays：Ilikethisperson.Butthesepreliminaryimpressionscanbedeadwrong.Whenwestereotypepeople,weusealessmatureformofthinking（notunliketheimmaturethinkingofaveryyoungchild）thatmakessimplisticandcategoricalimpressionsofothers.Ratherthanlearnaboutthedepthandbreadthofpeople-theirhistory,interest,values,strengths,andtruecharacter-wecategorizethemasjocks（骗子）,peeks（反常的人）,orfreaks（怪人）。However,ifweresistinitialstereotypicalimpressions,wehaveachancetobeawareofwhatapersonistrulylike.Ifwespendtimewithaperson,hearabouthisorherlife,hopes,dreams,andbecomeawareofourcortex,whichallowustobehumane.1Ourfirstimpressionofsomeonenewisinfluencedbyhisorher.A.pastexperience.B.character.C.facialfeatures.D.hobbies.查看原文2Ifyoumeetastrangerwithfamiliargestures,yourbrainismostlikelytosayA.Heisfamiliarandsafe.B.Heisnewandpotentiallythreatening.C.Ilikethisperson.D.Thisisnew,Idon'tlikethisperson.查看原文3ThewordpreliminaryinParagraph3isclosetinmeaningtoA.simplistic.B.stereotypical.C.initialD.categorical查看原文4OurthinkingisnotmatureenoughwhenwestereotypepeoplebecauseA.weneglecttheirdepthandbreadth.B.theyarenotalljocks,peeks,orfreaks.C.ourthinkingissimilartothatofaveryyoungchild.D.ourjudgmentisalwayswrong.查看原文5Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage？A.One'sphysicalappearancecaninfluenceourfirstimpression.B.Ourfirstimpressionisinfluencedbythesensitivityofourbrain.C.Stereotypicalimpressionscanbedeadwrong.D.Weshouldadoptmaturethinkingwhengettingtoknowpeople.查看原文第4页 共4页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页