英语阅读长难句分析技巧方法讲义--高三英语一轮复习.docx

英语阅读长难句分析 篇1 题目：He was to be paid 1,575 in installments, and from this he took money to rent 17 Gough Square, in which he set up his dictionary workshop'.(剑5, Test 1 passage 1) 分析：本句为并列句，“He was to be paid 1,575 in installments”和“from this he took money to rent 17 Gough Square, in which he set up his dictionary workshop'.”并列，由and连接;“in which he set up his dictionary workshop'.”为定语从句，做17 Gough Square的定语，关系词为which。 题目：His approach to the problems that had worried writers throughout the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries was intensely practical.(剑5, Test 1 passage 1) 分析：本句的主句为“His approach to the problems was intensely practical”;“that had worried writers throughout the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries”为定语从句，做the problems的定语，关系词为that。 题目：It is highly appropriate that Dr Samuel Johnson, the very model of an eighteenth-century literary man, as famous in his own time as in ours, should have published his Dictionary at the very beginning of the heyday of the middle class.(剑5, Test 1 passage 1) 分析：本句的主句为“It is highly appropriate that ”, 其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句，即“that Dr Samuel Johnson, the very model of an eighteenth-century literary man, as famous in his own time as in ours, should have published his Dictionary at the very beginning of the heyday of the middle class”;在主语从句中“the very model of an eighteenth-century literary man”为Dr Samuel Johnson的同位语，“as famous in his own time as in ours”为Dr Samuel Johnson的定语。 题目：There had, of course, been dictionaries in the past, the first of these being a little book of some 120 pages, compiled by a certain Robert Cawdray, published in 1604 under the title A Table Alphabeticall of hard usual English words'.(剑5, Test 1 passage 1) 分析：本句主句“There had been dictionaries”; “the first of these being a little book of some 120 pages, compiled by a certain Robert Cawdray, published in 1604 under the title A Table Alphabeticall 'of hard usual English words'”为独立主格结构，其中“compiled by a certain Robert Cawdray”和“published in 1604 under the title A Table Alphabeticall of hard usual English words'”均为过去分词短语作定语，做a little book的定语。 题目：Soon he would also discover a number of other remarkable facts about how bees communicate and, in doing so, revolutionize the study of animal behavior generally.(剑4, General Training Test B section 3) 分析：本句的主句为“he would also discover a number of other remarkable facts aboutand revolutionize the study of animal behavior generally”;“how bees communicate”为how引导的宾语从句，做介词about的宾语。 题目：The scent she carried in her samples and on her body was a message to the other bees that this was the one they were looking for.(剑4, General Training Test B section 3) 分析：本句的主句为“The scent was a message to the other bees”;“she carried in her samples and on her body”为定语从句，做The scent的定语，关系词在定语从句中做宾语，因此被省掉;“that this was the one they were looking for”为that引导的同位语从句，做a message的同位语;“they were looking for”为定语从句，做the one的定语，关系词在定语从句中做for的宾语，因此被省掉。英语阅读长难句分析 篇2翻译1：很多人觉得自己有必要赶时尚。错误的句子：Many people think that they are necessary to chaes after fashion.错误：人没有necessary这么一说；chase在这里用作及物动词比较好。正确的句子：Many people consider it necessary to follow fashion.句子结构：主语（many people）+及物动词(consider)+形式宾语(it)+宾语补足语(necessary)；真正的宾语是to follow fashion.拓展的句子：Many people consider it necessary to follow fashion; otherwise, they believe they are behind the times.中文翻译：很多人觉得有必要赶时尚；否则的话，他们相信自己过时了。翻译2：人口老龄化促使国家去放松退休年龄的限制。错误的句子：Compulsory retirement age will be abolished, and the reason is attributed to population aging and urban. human activities.错误1：retirement age是可数名词错误2：reason is attributed to这个搭配不好正确的句子：the ageing population has prompted countries to raise the statutory retirement age.句子结构：主语(ageing population)+及物动词(prompt)+宾语(countries)+宾语补足语(to raise)拓展的句子：The ageing population leads to a shortage of skillful workers, a problem which has promote countries to raise the statutory retirement age.错误：应该是skilled workers. Skillful表示人们做某事的时候所展示的技艺娴熟正确的句子：The ageing population leads to a shortage of highly skilled workers, a problem which has prompted countries to raise the statutory retirement age.注：a problem在这里是同位语，指代前面的shortage中文翻译：人口老龄化导致高级技术工人的短缺，这个问题已经促使国家提高了法定退休年龄。翻译3：很多女孩都不愿意在男人居多的行业里（male-dominated world）找工作。错误的句子：A number of girls are not willing to hunting jobs in the male-dominated world错误1 willing to do something固定搭配错误2 a number of在这里感觉是在某个地方，有一些女孩不愿意做什么。错误3定冠词不恰当，因为世界上男人居多的行业有很多，不可能特指正确的句子：Many girls are not willing to seek employment in a male-dominated world.句子结构：主语+系动词+表语(willing)也可以用状语从句扩充：Numerous women are unwilling to find employment in a male-dominated world because they can face barriers to top-level promotion.中文翻译：很多女孩不愿意在男人为大多数的行业找工作，因为她们会面临在高职位升迁中的阻碍。是同位语，指代前面的shortage中文翻译：人口老龄化导致高级技术工人的短缺，这个问题已经促使国家提高了法定退休年龄。翻译4：电子汽车的'发明是我们维护环境所做努力的其中一部分。错误的句子：The invention of electric vehicles is a part of our efforts aiming at preserving the environment.错误1：一般是“part of”错误2：“effort to do something”更为通顺，在这里正确的句子：The invention of electric vehicles is part of our effort to sustain the environment.句子结构：主语（The invention of electric vehicles）+系动词（is）+表语（part）; “of”全是定语拓展的句子：The invention of electric vehicles is part of our effort to sustain the environment, because electric vehicles do not conduct exhaust emission, compared with fossil fuel motors错误1：electric vehicles重复错误2：conduct exhaust emission搭配问题错误3：fossil fuel motors用词不好，MOTOR是马达的意思。正确的句子：The invention of electric vehicles is part of our effort to sustain the environment because these vehicles create less exhaust fumes than conventional cars.中文翻译：电子汽车的发明是我们维护环境所做努力的其中一部分，因为这些汽车比传统汽车产生较少的废气。翻译5：家长和老师应该努力去限定小孩看电视的时间。错误的句子：parents and teachers should do their efforts to curb the time of watching TV on children.错误1 make an effort to固定表达错误2 curb一般是抑制某种行为，而不是接time.错误3 “watching TV on children”也不通。正确的句子：parents and teachers should make an effort to limit childrens screen time.句子结构：主语（parents and teachers）+及物动词(make)+宾语(effort)拓展的句子：Parents and teachers should make an effort to limit children's screen time, thereby protecting children's eyesight and encourage them to do more out-door activities.错误：protecting和encourage不对称正确的句子：Parents and teachers should make an effort to limit children's screen time, thereby protecting children's eyesight and encouraging them to do more outdoor activities.（注：这句话的分词最好不要改成定语从句，因为前面不知道是修饰“screen time”还是“limit screen time”）中文翻译：家长和老师应该努力去限定孩子看电视的时间，这样会保护孩子的视力，鼓励他们做户外运动。翻译6：艺术不属于学校的主科。错误的句子：Arts is not regarded as a core curriculum at school.错误1主谓不一致错误2 curriculum是所有课程的总称正确的句子：The arts are not among core subject areas at school.句子结构：主语（The arts）+系动词（are）+表语（介词among+宾语充当表语）拓展的句子：The arts are not among core subject areas at school. However,we should learn them at school . Because they could add spice of our life.错误1：because是从属连词，要连接两个句子。错误2：add spice to life才是固定搭配错误3：them有点指代不清楚.正确的句子：The arts are not among core subject areas at school but deserve a place in the curriculum, for these subjects add spice to life.中文翻译：虽然艺术不属于学校的主要课程，但是它们在课程大纲里拥有一席之地，因为这些科目能够给生活添色彩。翻译7：非法捕杀导致某些动物的灭亡，生物多样性也会损失。错误的句子：Hunting illegally leads to the extinct of species, as well as, biodiversity is deteriorated.错误1：extinct是个形容词错误2：as well as后面一般加名词，动名词，或者是比较状语从句的分句，很少加完整的句子。正确的句子：Illegal hunting leads to extinction of some species and the loss of biodiversity.主语（Illegal hunting）+及物动词（leads to）+宾语（extinction）翻译8：有时候，很难去评估人类行为的环境代价。错误的句子：Sometimes, it is difficult to evaluate the environmental costs of peoples behaviors.错误1：environmental cost在这里用单数就好，因为是在说整个影响，而不是不同的影响。错误2：behaviour英式拼写错误3：behaviour在这里不用activities好，因为行为是指人的瞬间举动，activities一般是持续时间比较长。正确的句子：Sometimes, it is difficult to evaluate the environmental cost句子结构：主语(it)+系动词（is）+表语（difficult）；而“to evaluate the environmental cost of human activities”不定式充当形式主语。拓展的句子：Sometimes, although it is difficult to evaluate the environmental cost of human activities, there is a necessity for the government enacting legislations to restrict some behaviors , which can also arise people's concern about environmental degradation.错误1：there is a necessity for别扭错误2：arise不及物动词错误3：状语从句后，再写那么长的定语从句就多余了正确的句子：Sometimes, although it is difficult to evaluate the environmental cost of human activities, it is necessary to enact laws to restrict some behaviours.中文翻译：有时候，虽然很难去评估人类行为的环境代价，但是应该颁布法律以限制这些行为。学科网（北京）股份有限公司