专业英语四级语法与词汇结构应试强化训练八十一.docx

专业英语四级语法与词汇结构应试强化训练八十一认真做做题目，专心看看各个讲解，从而巩固你的语法和词汇知识！以前这一章节我们为大家整理的部分专四词汇语法知识，希望可以帮到各位考生！关于usedto的意义和用法usedto(只有过去时形式，没有现在时形式)表示过去习惯动作或状态，这种情况现已不复存在。例如：Heusedtosmokealot,buthehaslonggivenupsmoking.在否定陈述句或否定疑问句中，用didn’tuseto或usedn’tto均可Hedidn’tusetosmokecigarettes.Heusedn’ttosmokecigarettes.Didn’tMariausetobeinterestedinthetheatre?Usedn’tMariatobeinterestedinthetheatre?在肯定疑问句中也可有两种形式：UsedyoutogotothesameschoolasEdward?DidyouusetogotothesameschoolasEdward?近义词辨析use,apply,avail,employ,utilize这组词均含有使用或利用之意。use强调利用人或物作为工具。Heusedupallhisresourcesinexperimentingwiththenewpaint.他为实验新的涂料，花光了一切钱财。apply指把某物或某种方法、原理等加以应用。Weshouldnotonlyknowthetheorybutalsoknowhowtoapplyittopractice.我们不仅要知道理论，还要知道怎样把理论应用于实践。avail指使用就近的或他人给予的东西，或使别人为自己提供服务。Idon’tthinkcomplaintswillavailyoumuch.我觉得抱怨对你没多大用处。WeavailourselvesofeveryopportunitytospeakEnglish.我们利用一切机会讲英语。employ指使用未被利用的东西；用于人时表示雇用。Hedoesn’tknowhowtoemployhisenergyandtime.他不知道该怎么利用他的精力和时间。utilize指充分发挥某物的作用，使无用的东西变有用，或使人或物有新用途。Shehopestoutilizeherartistictalentsinthejob.她希望在工作中发挥她的艺术才能。集体名词作主语主谓一致1)通常作复数的集体名词集体名词，如：police,people,cattle,militia,poultry等，通常作复数，用复数动词。如：Domesticcattleprovideuswithmilk,beefandhides.2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词有些集体名词，如foliage,machinery,equipment,furniture,merchandise,通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。例如：AllthemachineryinthefactoryismadeinChina.3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词集体名词，如audience,committee,class,crew,family,public,government等，既可作单数，也可作复数用。Thecitycouncilismeetingtosetitsagenda.4)acommittee,etc.of+复数名词如果主语是由acommitteeof/apanelof/aboardof+复数名词构成，随后的动词通常用单数。例如：Acommitteeoffivemenandthreewomenistoconsiderthematter.近义词辨析tired,exhausted,fatigued,weary,worn-out这组词均含有疲惫的的意思。tired可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息，还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。Henrywassotiredthathewenttobedimmediatelyafterhegothome.亨利很疲惫，一到家就上床睡觉去了.exhausted表达的疲惫程度最强，指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。Theexhaustedengineerfellasleeponthebus.精疲力竭的工程师在公共汽车上睡着了。fatigued所表达的疲劳程度比tired和weary强，表示由于过度劳累而引起疲乏，不能再继续下去。Hefeltfatiguedanddidn’twanttosayasingleword.他疲惫不堪，不想说一句话。weary语气比tired强，指由于长时间努力工作或由于做单一的事而引起疲倦。Afteralongandwearywait,theplanefinallycametotakethemback.经过漫长而又令人疲乏的等待后，飞机终于来接他们回去了。wornout这个词不太正式，多用于口语。1Onlyinthedreamworld_momentsofdesolationorterrorthatareworsethananythingwehaveknownunderthesun.A.thereisB.thereareC.isthereD.arethere2Wouldyouplease_spoilanymaterial?A.notB.nottoC.tonotD.don’t3_inphysicalshape,hedroppedoutoftheUniversityofSyracuse.A.AshewasbadB.BadashewasC.BadalthoughhewasD.Badthoughhewas4Ihopeyoudon’tmindme_yousir,butistheremuchmoneyinvolvedinthewill?A.askingB.toaskC.askD.thatIask5ThereasonBeethovenwentawaytothecountryis_.A.thathewasgraduallygoingdeafB.becausehewasgraduallygoingdeafC.onaccountofthefactthathewasgraduallygoingdeafD.sincehewasgraduallygoingdeaf6IoftenfeelasuddenfastheartbeatwhenI’midle.Youshouldstopyourexercisingandneed_A.tocheckyourheartB.tohaveyourheartcheckedC.tohavecheckedyourheartD.tobecheckedyourheart7WhenIfinishthestory,Leninjumpedupfromhischairandstartedpacingthefloor,_,deepinthought.A.withhisheadbendingB.inhisheadbentC.hisheadbendingD.hisheadbent8Butwhat_todefinehispersonalityisadrivenconcentrationonhiswork,compulsiveattentiontoeveryaspectofcreatingmusicals.A.seemsmostB.ismostlyC.ismostD.seemsmostly9Switzerlandis_aplacetoindulgeinallyourfavoritewintersports;it’salsoamarvellousspottorelax.A.ratherthanB.morethanC.elsethanD.otherthan10Iamlucky_thethingIenjoydoingmostis_I’veendedupdoing.A.when.thatB.if.whatC.that.whatD.that.that11Please_yourvoiceifyouhaveanyquestionstoaskthechairman.A.riseB.raiseC.liftD.enlarge12Owenobviouslyhadno_ofdoinganyworkthatday,althoughitwasonlyaweekbeforetheEnglishTest.A.ambitionB.desireC.intentionD.wish13TheNationalGalleryinLondonhasmorevisitorsthan_anyotherbecauseofitsfreeadmission.A.practicallyB.reallyC.actuallyD.completely14Onthatbitterlycoldwinternight,fewpeoplewalkedalongthe_narrowstreets.A.lonelyB.neglectedC.desertedD.isolated15Ifyoukeepgettingwrongnumbers,yourphonecouldbe_.A.defectiveB.ineffectiveC.deficientD.deceptive16Mr.Johnsonhadaterriblecoldandcouldnotstop_.A.yawningB.sighingC.sneezingD.spitting17Thechairmanaskedthemembersto_theirvotesfororagainsttheproposal.A.castB.throwC.bidD.offer18Shewasbarredfromthegolfclubforrefusingto_withtherequest.A.conformB.adhereC.abideD.comply19Shealways_thesmelloffreshbreadwithheraunt,wholovedbaking.A.associatedB.connectedC.attributedD.contributed20Evenwhenthestrikewasover,andthewagesdisputehadbeen_,ittookseveralweeksforthecountrytogetcleanedupcompletely.A.settledB.evenedC.calmedD.relieved21Shewaspaidbythehour,andshemanagedtokeepherfamilywithherpitiful_.A.salaryB.wagesC.stipendD.payment22Aplaneisa_andsoisacar.A.transportB.driveC.vehicleD.carriage23Tonywasinplainclothes,watchingfora_characteratLondonAirportallnight.A.suspiciousB.suspectC.susceptibleD.doubtful24Atfirstshethoughthewasjoking.IttookJasontwentyminutestoconvinceherthathewas_.A.earnestB.realC.genuineD.serious25Youmayevenbecomeaheadwaitereventually.Ifyouhavetherightsortof_andarenotafraidofhardwork.A.natureB.personalityC.temperD.character第11页 共11页第 11 页 共 11 页第 11 页 共 11 页第 11 页 共 11 页第 11 页 共 11 页第 11 页 共 11 页第 11 页 共 11 页第 11 页 共 11 页第 11 页 共 11 页第 11 页 共 11 页第 11 页 共 11 页