单元质量评估(四).ppt
（四）（四）（Unit 4 ） （120分钟分钟 150分）分）第二部分词汇知识运用第二部分词汇知识运用(共两节共两节, 满分满分40分分)第一节第一节 多项选择多项选择(共共10小题；每小题小题；每小题1分，满分分，满分10分分)21. We will have finished Bookand Book_ of this semester. A. by the end B. in the endC. at the end D. at an end【解析【解析】选选A。句意：到这学期结束时，我们将完成。句意：到这学期结束时，我们将完成Book和和Book。句子时态为将来完成时，正好符合。句子时态为将来完成时，正好符合“by the end of +将来时间将来时间”的用法。的用法。in the end“最后，终于最后，终于” 及及at an end“结束结束”不与介词不与介词of连用。连用。at the end of. . . “在在的的末端末端”。 【方法技巧【方法技巧】in the end, finally, at last比较比较in the end, finally 和和at last 都有都有“终于，最后终于，最后”之意，但它之意，但它们的侧重点不同。们的侧重点不同。in the end表示经过许多变化、困难和捉摸不定的情况之后某表示经过许多变化、困难和捉摸不定的情况之后某事才发生，可以用来预示将来。事才发生，可以用来预示将来。finally可指一系列事物或论点的顺序，一般不带感情色彩，可指一系列事物或论点的顺序，一般不带感情色彩，常用在动词的前面。常用在动词的前面。at last往往用于一番拖延或曲折之后，因而带有较浓厚的感往往用于一番拖延或曲折之后，因而带有较浓厚的感情色彩，如不耐烦，不如意，不顺心等。情色彩，如不耐烦，不如意，不顺心等。 22. The pipes had _ and the water flooded the house. A. flowed B. burst C. lit D. recovered【解析【解析】选选B。句意：水管爆裂，房子被水淹了。句意：水管爆裂，房子被水淹了。burst“爆爆裂；爆发裂；爆发”，符合题意。，符合题意。flow“流动；流出流动；流出”；light“燃烧；燃烧；点燃点燃”；recover“痊愈，恢复；重新获得痊愈，恢复；重新获得”。23. The whole village was in _ because of landslides caused by the big storm. A. ruins B. general C. style D. addition 【解析【解析】选选A。句意：由于暴风雨引起的泥石流，整个村庄。句意：由于暴风雨引起的泥石流，整个村庄成为一片废墟。成为一片废墟。in ruins“严重受损；破败不堪严重受损；破败不堪”，符合题意。，符合题意。in general“通常；大体上通常；大体上”；in style“时髦的，流行的时髦的，流行的”；in addition“另外另外”。24. The little boy got _ while he was playing basketball. A. conquered B. ignored C. Bent D. injured【解析【解析】选选D。句意：小男孩在打篮球时受伤了。句意：小男孩在打篮球时受伤了。injure“伤伤害；损害害；损害”，符合题意。，符合题意。conquer“征服；占领征服；占领”；ignore“不不理睬；忽视理睬；忽视”；bend“使弯曲使弯曲”。25. To make more farmland, they are cutting trees, which will _ the forest. A. protect B. destroy C. plant D. make【解析【解析】选选B。句意：为了造更多的农田，他们砍伐树木，。句意：为了造更多的农田，他们砍伐树木，这将严重毁坏森林。这将严重毁坏森林。destroy“破坏；毁坏破坏；毁坏”，符合题意。，符合题意。protect“保护保护”；plant“种植种植”；make“制造制造”。26. The rescue team with water and food hurried to _ those trapped in the flood. A. view B. organize C. rescue D. settle【解析【解析】选选C。句意：带着水与食物的救援队匆忙去营救被。句意：带着水与食物的救援队匆忙去营救被洪水困住的人。洪水困住的人。rescue“援救；营救援救；营救”，符合题意。，符合题意。view“观观看；注视看；注视”；organize“组织；成立组织；成立”；settle “使定居；安排；使定居；安排；解决解决”。27. Something unusual has been _ out of the ancient tomb dating back to 2, 000 years ago. A. kept B. went C. found D. dug【解析【解析】选选D。句意：在这座。句意：在这座2 000年前的古墓里挖出了不寻年前的古墓里挖出了不寻常的东西。常的东西。dig out“掘出；发现掘出；发现”，符合题意。，符合题意。keep out“使使不进入不进入”；go out“出去；熄灭出去；熄灭”；find out“查出，弄明白查出，弄明白”。 28. It was the police dog that found something strange _under the earth, which helped the police to catch the murder. A. ignored B. settled C. buried D. packed【解析【解析】选选C。句意：是警犬发现了埋在地下的奇怪的东西，。句意：是警犬发现了埋在地下的奇怪的东西，帮助警察抓住了凶犯。帮助警察抓住了凶犯。bury“掩埋；埋葬掩埋；埋葬”，符合题意。，符合题意。ignore“不理睬；忽视不理睬；忽视”；settle “使定居；停留使定居；停留”；pack“捆捆扎；包扎；包”。29. The story teller was telling us a story in a vivid way _ he had experienced it himself. A. if any B. if not C. as if D. if so【解析【解析】选选C。句意：这个讲故事的人以一种生动的方式给。句意：这个讲故事的人以一种生动的方式给我们讲故事，好像他亲身经历过的一样。我们讲故事，好像他亲身经历过的一样。as if“仿佛；好像仿佛；好像”，符合题意。符合题意。if any“如果有如果有”；if not“如果不如果不”；if so“如果这如果这样样”。30. We were all _ to learn that the hero was a child of only six years old. A. tired B. concerned C. determined D. shocked【解析【解析】选选D。句意：我们都非常震惊地了解到，英雄是一。句意：我们都非常震惊地了解到，英雄是一个仅六岁的孩子。个仅六岁的孩子。 shocked“感到震惊的感到震惊的”，符合题意。，符合题意。get/be tired of“对对厌烦厌烦”；be concerned about“关关心心”；be determined to do sth. “决心做决心做”。第二节完形填空第二节完形填空 (共共20小题；每小题小题；每小题1. 5分，满分分，满分30分分) Earthquakes are 31 and thousands of them happen each day. But most are too weak to feel. During a 32 earthquake, there is often a great noise first. Then the earth 33 terribly and many houses 34 down. Railway tracks break and trains go 35 lines; a great many factories are 36 ; thousands of deaths are caused, and many more lose homes. . . . 37 the great damage and deaths caused by the earthquake 38 , other disasters such as fires often 39 . More buildings are destroyed and more 40 are caused. It is well known that the 41 of a possible earthquake, and for centuries man has been making researches on earthquakes. More than 2, 000 years ago, 42 , a Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng 43 a machine which could find out from which 44 the seismic (地震的地震的) waves had come, and this machine is still 45 by scientists today. Now we know much more about earthquakes and 46 they happen, but we still cannot 47 exactly when and where an earthquake will happen, and cannot 48 it from happening. So earthquakes are among the 49 disasters in the world. No one can stop natural earthquakes. 50 , scientists can help stop earthquakes destroying the whole city and causing too many deaths. 文章主要介绍了地震的危害及人们对地震的研究。文章主要介绍了地震的危害及人们对地震的研究。31. A. commonB. unusualC. strangeD. familiar【解析【解析】选选A。common意为意为“普通的，平常的普通的，平常的”; unusual意为意为“异乎寻常的，不平常的异乎寻常的，不平常的”；strange意为意为“奇怪的，陌奇怪的，陌生的生的”；familiar意为意为“熟悉的熟悉的”。结合下文可知。结合下文可知A项正确。项正确。32. A. realB. weakC. big D. small【解析【解析】选选C。由后面的关键词。由后面的关键词great和和terribly可知这里是说可知这里是说在在“大地震中大地震中”。33. A. movesB. shakesC. jumpsD. breaks【解析【解析】选选B。在地震中大地会。在地震中大地会“摇动摇动”。34. A. getB. putC. setD. fall【解析【解析】选选D。房屋在地震中。房屋在地震中“倒塌倒塌”。get down意为意为“记记下下”；put down意为意为“放下，写下放下，写下”；set down意为意为“记记下下”；fall down意为意为“倒下倒下”。35. A. offB. onC. intoD. behind【解析【解析】选选A。off 意为意为“脱离脱离”，这里指火车，这里指火车“脱离轨道脱离轨道”。36. A. burstB. struckC. destroyedD. buried【解析【解析】选选C。在地震中许多工厂被毁坏了。其他选项不符。在地震中许多工厂被毁坏了。其他选项不符合句意。合句意。37. A. ExceptB. BesidesC. Instead of D. Because of【解析【解析】选选B。besides意为意为“除除之外之外(还有还有)”，符合题意。，符合题意。except意为意为“除除之外之外(排除在外排除在外)”；instead of意为意为“取代，取代，代替代替”；because of 意为意为“因为，由于因为，由于”。38. A. lonely B. laterC. themselves D. itself【解析【解析】选选D。这些严重的毁坏和死亡是由地震。这些严重的毁坏和死亡是由地震“本身本身”引引起的。起的。39. A. follow B. copy C. come D. enter【解析【解析】选选A。follow作作“跟随跟随”解，指火灾等自然灾害也解，指火灾等自然灾害也随着地震的发生而发生。随着地震的发生而发生。copy意为意为“模仿，复制模仿，复制”；come意意为为“来，到来来，到来”；enter意为意为“进入进入”，均与句意不相符。，均与句意不相符。40. A. quakes B. deathsC. difficulties D. results【解析【解析】选选B。更多的建筑物遭到破坏，也有更多的。更多的建筑物遭到破坏，也有更多的“死亡死亡”情况发生。情况发生。41. A. information B. questionsC. dangers D. frights【解析【解析】选选C。地震带来的。地震带来的“危险危险”是人所共知的。是人所共知的。 42. A. as a result B. in factC. for example D. as well【解析【解析】选选C。for example意为意为“例如例如”；as a result意为意为“结果结果”；in fact意为意为“事实上事实上”；as well意为意为“也也”。a Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng 是人类对地震进行研究是人类对地震进行研究的一个实例。的一个实例。43. A. invented B. discoveredC. found D. bought【解析【解析】选选A。张衡。张衡“发明发明”了地动仪。了地动仪。44. A. country B. directionC. way D. city【解析【解析】选选B。地动仪能够测量出地震发生在哪个地动仪能够测量出地震发生在哪个“方方向向”。45. A. improved B. repairedC. protected D. used【解析【解析】选选D。这种仪器至今仍被科学家所。这种仪器至今仍被科学家所“使用使用”。46. A. where B. when C. what D. why【解析【解析】选选D。今天我们更加了解地震发生的原因，即为什。今天我们更加了解地震发生的原因，即为什么会发生地震。么会发生地震。 47. A. speak B. tell C. talk D. point【解析【解析】选选B。tell表示表示“判断，辨别判断，辨别”，即我们还不能准确，即我们还不能准确判断何时何地会发生地震。判断何时何地会发生地震。 48. A. make B. prepare C. stop D. let【解析【解析】选选C。stop. . . from doing 意为意为“阻止阻止”，即，即我们不能阻止地震的发生。我们不能阻止地震的发生。49. A. worst B. best C. most D. fast【解析【解析】选选A。地震是世界上。地震是世界上“最严重的最严重的”灾难之一。灾难之一。50. A. However B. But C. And D. So【解析【解析】选选A。however作副词，表示作副词，表示“转折转折”，常用逗号，常用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开。与句子的其他成分隔开。but是连词，后直接跟句子。是连词，后直接跟句子。第三部分阅读理解第三部分阅读理解(共共20小题；每小题小题；每小题2分，满分分，满分40分分)(A)When some plates of the earth move suddenly，an earthquake happens. Many earthquakes begin under the sea. Earthquakes may happen anywhere on the earth. They often happen near mountains. During an earthquake，the shakings make rocks rise suddenly and even cracks(裂缝裂缝)open. Houses fall，people are killed and hurt，and sometimes whole villages or cities are destroyedCan we do something to keep ourselves safe from earthquakes? Scientists have studied earthquakes and make maps that show “earthquake belts”. In areas in these belts，its possible for earthquakes to happen. In these areas we can build strong houses to fight against earthquakes. In the future，scientists will be able to predict exactly when and where an earthquake will happen. They can also tell people what to do with it. 本文讲的是有关地震的一些情况。本文讲的是有关地震的一些情况。51. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage？A. A Scientist and an EarthquakeB. How to Fight Against EarthquakesC. An EarthquakeD. Earthquakes Today and Tomorrow【解析【解析】选选D。标题概括题。文章讲的是地震造成的危害以。标题概括题。文章讲的是地震造成的危害以及科学家对地震预防的研究。及科学家对地震预防的研究。52. It is said that many earthquakes happen _. A. on land B. in the seaC. at night D. next to mountains【解析【解析】选选D。细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知。细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知。53. Which of the following often causes an earthquake to happen? A. The rocks cracking. B. The rock plates sudden movement. C. The deep sea. D. Many mountains on the earth. 【解析【解析】选选B。细节理解题。由第一段第一句话可知。细节理解题。由第一段第一句话可知。 54. What does the underlined word “predict” possibly mean? A. 预测预测B. 研究研究C. 阻止阻止D. 分析分析【解析【解析】选选A。词义猜测题。由最后一段意思可知。词义猜测题。由最后一段意思可知predict意意为为“预报，预测预报，预测”。(B)When you watch TV programs about wild animals，it is surprising to see how an antelope(羚羊羚羊) can escape a lions attack. In the wilderness，everyone has a stunt(绝技绝技). Even plants have their own ways of fighting off enemies. Over millions of years of evolution(进化进化)，plants have developed a unique defence system. Chemicals are widely used for survival. By making their leaves，flowers，roots and fruits distasteful or poisonous to enemies，plants can fight back. One such plant is the Golden Wattle tree, British scientist David Caneron has found when an animal eats the trees leaves, the amount of poison increases in the other leaves. “Its like the damaged leaves telephoning the others telling them to fight together against the enemy, ” he said. The tree also sends defence messages to neighboring plants by giving out a special smell. Golden Wattle trees in the surrounding 45 meters will get the message and produce more poison within 10 minutes. Now, if an enemy eats too many of the trees leaves, it will die. Every species of plant or tree is good at the production of a particular set of chemicals. A herbivore that can safely eat the leaves of one tree may be poisoned by its neighbor. In this way, plants have developed not only individual(个体个体) defence system, but also shared it with others. This makes it impossible for a single animal to destroy even a small area of forest. 本文主要讲述的是植物如何来对付它们的敌人。本文主要讲述的是植物如何来对付它们的敌人。55. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A. Plants Fight Back With PoisonsB. Plants Can Kill AnimalsC. Animals and PlantsD. Lions and Antelopes【解析【解析】选选 A。主旨大意题。文章的首段是主题段，其中末。主旨大意题。文章的首段是主题段，其中末句句“Even plants have their own ways of fighting off enemies. ”是主题句，由此可知文章主要讲述的是植物如何是主题句，由此可知文章主要讲述的是植物如何来对付它们的敌人。来对付它们的敌人。56. According to the study, if one Golden Wattle tree is attacked by animals，it can _ . A. tell other trees to protect itB. produce more poison within 10 minutesC. send defence messages to the neighboring plantsD. kill the animals with its leaves【解析【解析】选选C。细节理解题。根据第四段首句。细节理解题。根据第四段首句“The tree also sends defence messages to neighboring plants by giving out a special smell. ”可知，这种树受到攻击时会向附近的树发出可知，这种树受到攻击时会向附近的树发出一种特别的气味。一种特别的气味。57. In this passage the underlined word“herbivore”probably means animals which _ . A. live on both animals and plants B. feed on smaller animalsC. live on trees D. feed on plants or grass【解析【解析】选选D。猜测词义题。根据划线部分后面的。猜测词义题。根据划线部分后面的“吃树的吃树的叶子叶子”可知，该动物为可知，该动物为“食草动物食草动物”。58. The last paragraph of the passage suggests that this kind of defence system _ . A. does great harm to the animals B. does good to the forestsC. is helpful to some animals D. harms the forests【解析【解析】选选B。推理判断题。根据文章最后一句。推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“这种保护这种保护系统使得一个动物不可能毁坏一小片森林系统使得一个动物不可能毁坏一小片森林”可知，这种保护可知，这种保护系统对森林有益。系统对森林有益。 (C)There are a lot of strong tsunamis(海啸海啸) because of the size of the ocean and large earthquakes there. In open seas tsunamis are only one or two meters high. But when they are near land, they can be as high as six or seven meters. Houses and cars near the sea can be swept away by these big waves. Because tsunamis move fast and can travel to the other side of the sea within one day, they may affect a lot of places. Do you know the worst tsunamis in history in the world? Look through the following list. 本文介绍了有关海啸的一些知识，以及全世界历史上曾本文介绍了有关海啸的一些知识，以及全世界历史上曾发生过的一些非常严重的海啸。发生过的一些非常严重的海啸。59. What kind of people is the passage mainly written for? A. Scientists. B. Artists. C. Experts. D. Common readers. 【解析【解析】选选D。推理判断题。本文是一篇有关世界海啸灾难。推理判断题。本文是一篇有关世界海啸灾难的应用文。从文章所介绍的知识和语气可以判断，这篇文章的应用文。从文章所介绍的知识和语气可以判断，这篇文章是写给普通读者看的。是写给普通读者看的。60. According to the chart, how many tsunamis have struck Japan? A. Two B. Five. C. Six D. Four. 【解析【解析】选选B。细节理解题。根据表格可知有关日本的海啸。细节理解题。根据表格可知有关日本的海啸共有共有5次。次。61. Which century has the most tsunamis according to the chart? A. The 18th century. B. The 19th century. C. The 21st century. D. The 20th century. 【解析【解析】选选A。细节理解题。从表格中可以看出，。细节理解题。从表格中可以看出，18世纪海世纪海啸总数为啸总数为4次，次，19世纪世纪3次，次，20、21世纪各世纪各1次，故选次，故选A。62. According to the chart, how many people died in the 1700s as a result of tsunamis? A. 89 000. B. 94 645. C. 90 263. D. 30 000. 【解析【解析】选选C。细节理解题。根据表格可知，发生在。细节理解题。根据表格可知，发生在18世纪世纪的海啸造成的死亡人数分别为的海啸造成的死亡人数分别为40 000、30 000、15 030和和5 233。共计。共计90 263人。人。 (D) Today, people all over the world are moving out of small villages in the country to go and live in big, noisy cities. They are moving from the peaceful hills, mountains, fields, rivers and streams of the countryside to the busy work of streets, buildings, traffic and crowds. This movement from rural areas to urban areas has been going on for over two hundred years. In many countries, the main reason people come to live in towns and cities is work. After one or two large factories have been built in or near a town, people come to find work, and soon an industrial area begins to grow. There is usually a residential(居住的居住的) area nearby where the factory workers can live. The families of these workers need schools, hospitals and shops, so many people come to live in the area to provide these services and a city grows. In every major city in the world, there is a business district where the big companies have their main offices. In the United States, this area is usually in the city center downtown. It is here that you can see the huge skyscraper office blocks. The people who work here often travel a long way to work each day. Many of them live in the suburbs of the city, far away from the industrial area and the city center. Some suburbs are very pleasant, with nice houses and big gardens. There are usually parks for children to play in and large department stores where you can buy all you need. But what is the future of the big cities? Will they continue to get bigger and bigger? Perhaps not. Some major cities have actually become smaller in the last ten years, and it is quite possible that one day we will see people moving out of the major cities and back into smaller towns and villages. 63. In a residential area you can see_. A. rows of housesB. many offices and factoriesC. a lot of factories and farmsD. many houses with offices and factories【解析【解析】选选A。细节理解题。由第二段。细节理解题。由第二段There is usually a residential area nearby where the factory workers can live. 可知答案。可知答案。64. In the United States, many people work in the center of a big city_. A. while living on the faraway edge of the cityB. and live thereC. but live in another cityD. but live far away out of the city【解析【解析】选选A。推理判断题。根据第三段。推理判断题。根据第三段Many of them
