2022年考研英语基础练习题 3（2）.docx

2022年考研英语基础练习题 3（2）阅读理解单项选择题MostAmericanmoviesareproducedinHollywood,California.Hollywood,whichisactuallynotaseparatecitybutapartofLosAngeles,isanidealspotforthemovieindustry.Thesunshinesmostofthetime,andtheclimateismild.Almosteverykindofnaturalsceneryiswithinafewhours’drive.Hollywoodbecomesthecenterofnationalattentiononeeveningayear-AcademyAwardnight.AttheAcademyAwardpresentationheldeachspring,statuettescalledOscarsaregiventofilmindustrywinnersindozensofcategories,includingbestactor,bestactress,andbestpicture.Thewinnersarechosenbymembersoftheindustrybeforetheceremony,buttheirnamesarekeptsecretuntilpresentationnight,whentheyareannouncedinalong,nationallytelevisedprogram.MotionpictureswereextremelypopularintheUnitedStatesafterWorldWarII,whentelevisioncapturedmuchofthemovieaudience.Gearedtothemasses,Hollywoodmoviesofferedmuchthesametypeofentertainmentastelevisiondoes.Withfreeentertainmentintheirhomes,manyAmericanssimplystoppedgoingtomovies.Between1946and1956,movieattendancewascutinhalf.Atthesametime,productioncostszoomed.Themovieindustrywasintrouble.Theindustryadjusteditselfinanumberofways.MoviecompaniesrentedsoundstagestoTVcompaniesandsoldoldmoviestoTV.Tocutcosts,Hollywoodproducedfewermoviesandfilmedmanyofthemoverseas.Tolureaudiences,theindustryinvestedinnewlenses,widerscreens,andstereophonicsound.StudiosalsobeganproducingkindsofentertainmentthatcouldnotbeofferedbyTV-filmswithcontroversialorshockingthemes,filmswithhugecastsandlavishsettings.Asaresultofthesechanges,todaytheAmericanmotionpictureindustryisthriving.1WhatmakesHollywoodagreatplaceforAmericanmovieindustryaccordingtothepassage?A.AfamouspartofLosAngelesB.FavorablenaturalandtrafficconditionsC.NaturalscenerywithmildclimateandtheshiningsunD.AgreatindustrialbaseofAmerican查看原文2WhichoneaboutOscarsiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?A.ItisthenameofagreatfilmfigureB.ItisgiventoWorldAcademyAwardinAmericaeachyearC.ItisayearlyhonortowinnersinmovieindustryD.Itdoesn’tproduceuntilAcademyAwardnightineachspring查看原文3WhydidmanyAmericanslikeentertaininginhomesinsteadofgoingtocinemaafterWorldWarII?A.BecausethequalityoffilmwasbecomingworseandworseB.BecauseHollywoodmoviescouldn’tofferentertainmentsimilartotelevisionC.BecausethemovieindustrywasintroubleforexpensiveproductioncostD.BecauseTV’spopularitymadethemenjoywithoutpaying查看原文4Whatdoesthewordzoomed(inthelastsentenceofthethirdparagraph)mean?A.MovedalongveryquicklyB.RoseupwardintotheairC.IncreasedhighinpriceD.Movedwithalowhummingnoise查看原文5Themovieindustrytriedmanymethodstolureaudiencesexcept_.A.buildingcommercialrelationshipwithTVcompaniesB.improvingitsbasicequipmentC.producingfilmswithfamousstarsinlowcostD.offeringtypesofentertainmentdifferentfromTV查看原文TheArcticOceanhasgivenuptensofthousandsmoresquarekilometersoficeinarelentlesssummerofmelt,withscientistswatchingthroughsatelliteeyesforapossiblerecordlowpolaricecap.FromthebarrenArcticshoreofavillageinCanada’sfarnorthwest,veteranobserverEddieGrubenhasseenthesummericeretreatingmoreeachdecadeastheworldhaswarmed.Bythisweekendtheiceedgelay128kilometersatsea,butfortyyearsago,itwas64kilometersout.Globalaveragetemperaturesrose1degreeFahrenheitinthepastcentury,butArctictemperaturesrosetwiceasmuchorevenfaster,almostcertainlyinlargepartbecauseofmanmadegreenhousegases,researcherssay.InlateJulythemercurysoaredtoalmost86degreesFahrenheitinthissettlementof900ArcticEskimos.AsofThursday,theU.S.NationalSnowandIceDateCenterreported,thepolaricecapextendedover6.75millionsquarekilometersafterhavingshrunkanaverage106,000squarekilometersadayinJulyequivalenttooneIndianaorthreeBelgiumsdaily.TherateofmeltwassimilartothatofJuly2007,theyearwhentheicecapdwindledtoarecordminimumextentof4.3millionsquarekilometersinSeptember.Initslatestanalysis,NSIDCsaidArcticatmosphericconditionsthissummerhavebeensimilartothoseofthesummerof2007,includingahigh-pressureridgethatproducedclearskiesandstrongmeltintheBeaufortSea,thearmoftheArcticOceanoffnorthernAlaskaandnorthwesternCanada.Scientistssaythemakeupofthefrozenpolarseahasshiftedsignificantlythepastfewyears,asthickmultiyearicehasgivenwayastheArctic’sdominantformtothinicethatcomesandgoeswitheachwinterandsummer.ThepastfewyearshavesignaledafundamentalchangeinthecharacteroftheiceandtheArcticclimate,Meiersaid.Ironically,thesummermeltssince2007appeartohavealloweddisintegratingbutstillthickmultiyearicetodriftthisyearintotherelativelynarrowchannelsoftheNorthwestPassage.Usually,impassablechannelshadbeenrelativelyice-freethepasttwosummers.Observationsatellites’remotesensorswilltellresearchersinSeptemberwhetherthepolarcapdiminishedthissummertoitssmallestsizeonrecord.Thenthesunwillbegintoslipbelowthehorizonforseveralmonths,andtemperaturesplunginginthepolardarknesswillfreezethesurfaceoftheseaagain,leavingthisandotherArcticcoastlinesinthegripofice.Mostoftheseaicewillbenew,thinnerandweakerannualformations,however.AtaglobalconferencelastMarchinCopenhagen,scientistsdeclaredthatclimatechangeisoccurringfasterthanhadbeenanticipated,citingthefast-dyingArcticcapasoneexample.Amonthlater,theU.S.NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationpredictedArcticsummerscouldbealmostice-freewithin30years,notatthecentury’sendearlierpredicted.6Thewordretreating(Line2,Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans_.A.withdrawingB.movingbackC.meltingD.treatingagain查看原文7WemayinferfromParagraph2and3that_.A.risingArctictemperaturesresultcompletelyfrommanmadegreenhousegasesB.thesummericeedgewas192kilometersatsea40yearsagoC.thepolaricecapwasover6.87millionsquarekilometersinJulyD.theicecapreducedtoarecordlowminimumextentinJuly查看原文8Wemayknowthatsummermeltsmade_.A.someimpassablechannelscoveredbyiceB.nocontributiontothemakeupchangeofpolariceC.thinicebecomemultiyeariceD.theworldclimatechangeitscharacter查看原文9Welearnfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat_.A.scientistspredictedfutureclimatechangesaccuratelyB.thepolarcapdiminishedthissummertoitssmallestsizeonrecordC.thefutureicemaybeannuallyformedthinnessD.Arcticsummerscouldn’tbeice-freeuntilnextcentury查看原文10Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthistext?A.ArcticicelowerstoitssmallestsizeB.ArcticicedisappearsundersummersunC.WhyArcticicedisappearssoonD.Arcticicecloselyrelatestoclimatechanges查看原文第8页 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