2021年上海市中考英语真题(含详细解析).pdf

20212021 年上海市初中学业水平考试年上海市初中学业水平考试英语英语 试卷试卷考生注意：考生注意：本场考试时间本场考试时间 9090 分钟，试卷共分钟，试卷共 9 9 页，满分页，满分 140140 分，答题纸共分，答题纸共 2 2 页。页。作答前，在答题纸指定位置填写姓名、报名号、座位号。将核对后的条形码贴在答题作答前，在答题纸指定位置填写姓名、报名号、座位号。将核对后的条形码贴在答题纸指纸指定位置。定位置。所有作答务必填涂或书写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的区域，不得错位。在试卷上作所有作答务必填涂或书写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的区域，不得错位。在试卷上作答答一律不得分。一律不得分。用用 2B2B 铅笔作答选择题，用黑色字迹钢笔、水笔或圆珠笔作答非选择题。铅笔作答选择题，用黑色字迹钢笔、水笔或圆珠笔作答非选择题。Part 2 Grammar and Vocabulary (Part 2 Grammar and Vocabulary (第二部分第二部分 语法和词汇语法和词汇) ). Choose the best answer (. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案选择最恰当的答案) ) ( (本大题共本大题共 1515 题，每题题，每题 1 1 分，共分，共 1515分。每题只有一个正确选项分。每题只有一个正确选项) )21. Many medical workers are busy _ their work during lunch time.A) toB) ofC) fromD) with句意：许多医务人员在午餐时间忙于工作。解析：短语be busy with sth.意为“忙于某事”，故选D。22. I havent brought my dictionary with me. Can I use _?A) youB) yourC) yoursD) yourself句意：我没带词典。我可以用你的吗？解析：设空处表示你的词典，上文已出现名词 dictionary，此处可用名词性物主代词yours代指your dictionary，故选C。23. There was _ to eat at home, so I went out to get some food.A) anythingB) nothingC) somethingD) everything句意：家里没东西吃了，所以我出去买点吃的。解析：something“某事/物”一般用于肯定句中，在否定句或疑问句中用anything替代，anything还有“任何事物” 之意；nothing意为 “没有什么” ，everything意为“每件事物”；根据下文可知，此处表示“没有吃的了”，不定式to eat作后置定语，故选B。24. Yuan Longping is recognized as one of _ agricultural scientists in the world.A) greatB) greaterC) greatestD) the greatest句意：袁隆平被认为是世界上最伟大的农业科学家之一。解析：one of后面跟最高级形式，且形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，故选D。25. Your idea of a day on the beach sounds _. Can I join you?A) lovelyB) softlyC) politelyD) beautifully句意：你在海滩上玩一天的主意听起来很不错。 我能和你一起去吗?解析：系动词sound后面跟形容词作表语，softly、politely和beautifully都是副词，形容词lovely意为“可爱的；美好的”，故选A。26. The 10th China Flower Expo is being held in Chongming. _ does it last? About 40 days.A) How longB) How soonC) How farD) How often句意：-第十届中国花卉博览会在崇明举行。 持续多长时间？-大约40天。解析：How long对物体的长度或时间长度进行提问，How soon“多久之后”一般用来提问表示将来的一段时间，常用“in+时间段”回答；How far“多远”对距离进行提问；How often“多久一次”对频率进行提问；此处提问时间长度，故选A。27. _ I have two tickets for the Chinese Farmers Painting Exhibition? Sorry. The tickets are sold out.A) MustB) NeedC) ShouldD) May句意：-我可以买两张中国农家画展的票吗?-抱歉。票卖完了。解析：Must意为“必须”，need意为“需要”，should意为“应该”，may意为“可能；可以”；此处用May表示委婉的请求，故选D。28. Last weekend, David _ a visit to his grandparents in the countryside.A) paysB) paidC) will payD) has paid句意：上个周末，大卫去看望了他在乡下的祖父母。解析：由Last weekend可知，此句是一般过去时，pay的过去式为paid，故选B。29.The headmaster is not available now. He _ to the new teachers.A) speaksB) spokeC) is speakingD) was speaking句意：校长现在不在。 他正在对新老师讲话。解析：考查时态，由The headmaster is not available now可知，校长是正在对新老师讲话，用现在进行时is/are/am doing结构，故选C。30. Michael and his friends practise _ table tennis after school every day.A) playB) playedC) playingD) to play句意：Michael和他的朋友们每天放学后练习打乒乓球。解析：practise doing sth.意为“练习做某事”，常考加doing作宾语的动词：admit、avoid、consider、deny、enjoy、finish、keep、mind、practise、suggest等，故选C。31. The manager asked his secretary _ the report before Friday.A) finishB) finishesC) finishingD) to finish句意：经理要求他的秘书在星期五之前完成这份报告。解析：短语ask sb.to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事”，故选D。32. We should look forward to the future, _ never forget the past.A) orB) soC) butD) for句意：我们应该展望未来，但绝不要忘记过去。解析：or“或者”，so“所以”，but“但是”，for“因为”；此处前后是转折关系“展望未来，但绝不忘记过去”，故选C。33. The fridge is environmentally friendly _ it uses less electricity.A) becauseB) untilC) beforeD) though句意：这台冰箱是环保的，因为它耗电少。解析：because“因为”，until“直到”，before“在之前”，though“尽管；虽然”；此处前后是因果关系，用because引导原因状语从句，故选A。34.The amusement park has received many visitors,_?A) has itB) hasnt itC) does itD) doesnt it句意：这个游乐园接待了很多游客，是吗？解析：反义疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则，陈述部分是现在完成时肯定句，所以疑问部分助动词用否定形式hasnt，主语用it代指the amusement park，故选B。35. _ amazing the film Hi, Mom is! Mothers love always touches my heart.A) How anB) HowC) What anD) What句意：电影嗨，妈妈太棒了! 母亲的爱总是触动我的心。解析：感叹句常用what和how引导，what的中心词是名词， how的中心词是形容词或副词，常用句型有： “What a/an+adj.+单数名词+主谓!”、“What+adj./adv.+复数名词/不可数名词+主谓!”和 “How+adj./adv.+主谓!”； 此句的中心词是形容词amazing，故选B。III. Choose the proper words in the box to complete the following passage. Each can beIII. Choose the proper words in the box to complete the following passage. Each can beused only once (used only once (选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次选择最恰当的选项填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)( )(本大本大题共题共 8 8 题，每题题，每题 1 1 分，共分，共 8 8 分分) )A) createB) productC) responsibleD) influenceE) unforgettableEmily and I are twins. We love cooking healthy food together! Our parentshave always cooked at home. They really _36_ us a lot.Working as sisters is interesting, as we have beenthroughalargenumberof_37_experiences.However, sometimes wed like more space of our own in thekitchen. We try to be fair. If one person manages to _38_a dish, the other person will write the process and take photos.Then well change jobs next time.Our dishes are so popular that we have been invited to be _39_for the FoodHealth section in our school newspaper.解析：36. 设空处是句子的谓语，考虑填动词，排除BCE，create意为“创造”，influence意为“影响”， “They really influence us a lot ”表示“他们真的影响了我们很多” ，故选D。37. 设空处考虑填形容词修饰名词experiences，responsible意为“负责的”，unforgettable意为“难忘的”，unforgettable experiences意为“难忘的经历”，故选E。38. manage to do sth. 意为“设法做成某事” ，所以设空处填动词， 动词create意为“创造”，create a dish意为“创作一道菜”，故选A。39. 短语be responsible for意为“对负责”，故选C。A) needsB) exactlyC) effortsD) excusesE) especiallySometimes not everything works out perfectly and thats OK! For example, wedont know_40_what the readers want, so its quite hard to choose a widely acceptedpicture of the food. But we try our best to meet their_41_. We discuss the work and helpeach otherto improve. Thats the best part about working together. We have beenawarded“Best Campus Cook” several times for our_42_.We love making new dishes, taking pictures, and then posting them on our school newspaper.Its always good to try new things _43_with food! When you eat healthily, it makes youfeel better, and it can be twice as delicious.解析：40. 考虑填副词作句子的状语， 副词exactly意为“确切地”，especially意为“尤其；特别”，句意“我们不知道读者确切地想要什么”，故选B。41. 形容词性物主代词their后面跟名词作宾语，meet their needs意为“满足他们的需求”，故选A。42. 形容词性物主代词our后面跟名词，for our efforts意为“为我们的努力”，故选C。43. 名词excuses意为“借口”，副词especially意为“尤其；特别”，especially withfood表示“（尝试新事物总是好的，）尤其是在食物方面”，故选E。. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms (. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms (用括号中所给单用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词) ) ( (本大题共本大题共 8 8 题，共题，共 8 8 分分) )44. I live near my school. It takes me only ten_ to walk there. (minute)45. Lily and Mary have known each other for_ years. (seventh)46. The Bund attracts many people with_ beautiful night view. (it)47. The organization has set strict rules on the release of_ chemicals. (harm)48. Without the glasses, he cant see the words on the blackboard _. (clear)49. Tony has made up his mind to be a soldier to_ the country after graduation.(service)50. Shanghai Museum has a large_of works of art from home and abroad. (collect)51. Some rainforests are likely to_if we dont take action to protect them. (appear)解析：44. minutes可数名词minute意为“分钟”，ten后面用复数形式，故填minutes。45. sevenseventh是基数词seven的序数词形式，复数名词years前用基数词修饰，表示年数，故填seven。46. itsbeautiful night view “美丽的夜景”前用形容词性物主代词修饰， its意为“它的”，故填its。47. harmful名词chemicals前用形容词修饰，harm“伤害”是名词，对应的形容词为harmful，故填harmful。48. clearlyclear是形容词， 设空处填副词作句子的状语， 修饰动词短语see the wordson the blackboard，故填副词clearly。49. serve service“服务”是名词，设空处用不定式作目的状语，故填动词serve。50. collection动词collect意为“收集”，a large collection of 意为“大量的”，故填名词collection。51. disappearbe likely to do sth. 意为 “可能会做某事” ， appear意为 “出现” ， disappear意为“消失”，此处表示“如果不采取措施保护，一些热带雨林可能会消失”，故填disappear。Complete the following sentences as required (Complete the following sentences as required (根据所给要求完成句子。根据所给要求完成句子。52-5752-57 小题小题每空格限填一词每空格限填一词) () (本大题共本大题共 7 7 题，每题题，每题 2 2 分，共分，共 1414 分分) )52. My deskmate borrowed some books from the library at noon.(改为否定句)My deskmate _ _ any books from the library at noon.53. The government has spent 10 million yuan improving the water quality. (对划线部分提问）_ _ has the government spent improving the water quality?54. Doctor Wu Mengchao saved a lot of patients lives. （改为被动语态）A lot of patients lives _ _ by Doctor Wu Mengchao.55. John is wondering how he can keep the balance between work and play. （改为简单句）John is wondering _ _ keep the balance between work and play.56. I had a good time in the ocean park the day before yesterday. （保持句意基本不变）I _ _ in the ocean park the day before yesterday.57. “Have you visited the National BookExpo?” Linda asked me.（改为间接引语）Linda asked me _ I _ visited the National Book Expo.58. a meal plan, the community, make, for the aged, is trying to（连词成句）_解析：52. 句子是一般过去时， 且谓语动词是实义动词， 所以借助助动词didnt放在谓语动词前，且谓语动词还原成原形borrow，故填didnt；borrow。53. 画线部分表示钱数，用How much“多少钱”提问，故填How；much。54. 被动语态的结构为be done， 句子是一般过去时， 所以应表位was/were done形式，因主语a lot of patients lives是复数，所以be动词用were，故填were；saved。55. 原句是how连接的宾语从句，可转换为“特殊疑问词 +不定式to do”结构作宾语的简单句句型，故填how；to。56. have a good/nice/wonderful time意为“玩得开心”，可用短语enjoy oneself或havefun替换，因句子是一般过去时，所以谓语动词用过去式形式，主语是 I，反身代词用myself，故填enjoyed；myself或had；fun。57. 此句是将引号里的句子变为宾语从句，因是一般疑问句，所以连接词用whether/if表示“是否”，宾语从句用陈述句语序， 因主句是一般过去时， 所以从句用相应的过去时，此处用过去完成时had done结构，故填whether/if；had。58. The community is trying to make a meal plan for the aged. 社区正在努力为老年人制定膳食计划。Part 3Part 3Reading and WritingReading and Writing. Reading comprehension (. Reading comprehension (阅读理解阅读理解) ) ( (本大题共本大题共 2525 题，共题，共 5050 分分) )A. Choose the best answer (A. Choose the best answer (根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案) )(12(12 分分) )59. What time does New City Zoo open?A) At 9:00 a.m.B) At 10:00 a.m.C) At 10:30 a.m.D) At 11:00 a.m.解析：A 答案来源如下：60. At 2:45 p.m., visitors can have a close look at _.A) elephantsB) bearsC) wolvesD) monkeys解析：B 答案来源如下：61. With a _, visitors can take the mini-train as many times as they want on the sameday.A) hand stampC) yearly cardB) 1-Day PassD) bus ticket解析：A 答案来源如下：62. The underlined word “Violators” in the material means “people who _”.A) visit the zoo regularlyB) look after the animalsC) feed or disturb the animalsD) want to return the zoo tickets解析：C 答案来源如下：63. Which of the following about the zoo isTRUE ?A) The schedule is for the winter of 2021.B) Guided bus tour is available at 9:00 a.m.C) No activities will be affected by the weather.D) Visitors can visit for more information.解析：D 答案来源如下：64. The main purpose of the material is to _in the zoo.A) protect the wild animalsB) stress the importance of safetyC) provide choices of transportationD) introduce the activities and rules解析：DB. Choose the best answer and complete the passage (B. Choose the best answer and complete the passage ( 选择最恰当的选项完成短文选择最恰当的选项完成短文) )(12(12 分分) )What do you need for an invention to be a success?To begin with, good timing is very_65_. Youcanhave a good idea which the public doesnt want yet. TakeGiovanni Caselli as an example. He invented the first faxmachine in the 1860s. Though the quality was excellent, hisinvention quickly_66_. The fax machine did not become anecessary piece of equipment in every office until the 1980s.Money also helps. The Frenchman Denis Papin had the idea for a steam enginealmost a hundred years before James Watt was born. Denis never had enough moneyto_67_one.You also need to be patient. It took scientists nearly eighty years to invent a light bulb._68_, you shouldnt be too slow. In the 1870s, Elisha Gray developed plans for atelephone. Gray saw it only as “a beautiful toy”. When he finally sent details of hisinvention to the Patent Office ( 专利局) onFebruary14th, 1876, it wastoo_69_. Almost the same designs had arrived just two hours earlier. The young manwho sent them was Alexander Graham Bell. He is remembered as the inventor of thetelephone.Of course, what you really need is a wonderful idea. If you havent got one, a walkin the countryside and a careful look at _70_ can help. The Swiss scientist, Georgede Mestral, had the idea for Velcro (粘扣) when he found his clothes covered in stickyseed pods after a walk in the countryside.65. A) interesting66. A) died67. A) deliver68. A) However69. A) modern70. A) societyB) importantB) improvedB) repairB) InsteadB) difficultB) natureC) personalC) spreadC) useC) So farC) lateC) picturesD) satisfyingD) appearedD) buildD) At lastD) oldD) advertisements解析：本文讲述了使发明得以成功的关键。（好时机、钱、耐心、好主意）65. Binteresting有趣的， important重要的， personal私人的， satisfying令人满意的；首先，好时机很重要，故选B。66. AThe fax machinedid not become a necessary piece of equipment in every officeuntil the 1980s意为“传真机直到20世纪80年代才成为每个办公室的必备设备”，所以他的发明很快“死亡”了，died“死亡；消逝”，故选A。67. Ddeliver投递， repair修理， use使用， build建造； 没有足够的钱建造 （蒸汽机） ，故选D。68. AHowever然而、可是，Instead代替，So far目前为止，At last最后；“你也需要耐心， 科学家们大约花了了八十年发明灯泡。 然而， 你不必太慢。 ” ， 转折关系，故选A。69. CAlmost the same designs hadarrived just two hours earlier意为“几乎相同的设计在两小时前才送到”，所以上文应是“太迟了”，故选C。70. Bsociety社会，nature自然，pictures图片，advertisements广告；根据a walk in thecountryside及下文可知，此处表示“仔细观察大自然会有帮助”，故选B。C. Fill in the blanks with proper words (C. Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给) ) (14(14 分分) )解析：71. early副词so后面跟副词作状语，修饰get up，根据A morning call wakesup可知，“他在家不起这么早”，故填副词early。72. poor设空处考虑填形容词修饰名词life，根据首字母及下文They cantafford可知，“他们过着贫穷的日子”，故填形容词poor“贫穷的”。73. holiday由a可知，设空处填单数名词，根据首字母及Its part of theschool project可知，“这不是度假”，故填名词holiday“节日；假期”。74. completely设空处考虑填副词修饰形容词new，由首字母及上下文可知，此处表示“肯尼亚对来自洛杉矶的学生了说是完全新的国家”，副词completely“完全地”。75. move have to do sth. “不得不做某事”，move fromto“由搬到”，故填动词move“搬动；移动”。76. buy raise money “筹集钱”的目的是“帮助当地人买奶牛”，用不定式作目的状语，故填动词buy。77. step the first后面修饰名词，根据手首字母及下文Next可知，此处是“帮助肯尼亚的放牧人只是第一步”，故填单数名词step“步骤”。D. Answer the questions (D. Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答问题根据短文内容回答问题) (12) (12 分分) )Triathlon is a race in which each person swims, rides a bicycle and runs over very longdistances. It has been held ten times in Hope Town. Sam, aged 20, finished nine races with hisyounger brother Luke. Every race was a vict ory for them. Luke cant walk, talk or feed himselfbecause of a rare brain illness since birth. But Sam wants his brother to know what it feels like tobe part of a sport instead of having to sit and watch. A local TV journalist interviewed Sam after hereceived the Town Hero Award.(J J=Journalist, S S=Sam)J: How did you get the idea to include Luke in these events?J: How did you get the idea to include Luke in these events?S: When I was ten, my mom showed me a video of two young men from another city doing triathlons.One of the men had a condition like Luke has. I got the idea from that.J: Whats it like having Luke along?J: Whats it like having Luke along?S: I feel good and proud during the whole triathlon, for Im giving something toLuke. He canexperience things any other man would.J: What do you get from him?J: What do you get from him?S: Its the smile on Lukes face. That smile brightens me. The feeling of knowing that Ive donesomething for him is unbelievable.J: When you received the Town Hero Award, you talked about the importance of changingJ: When you received the Town Hero Award, you talked about the importance of changingthe way you see things. What did you mean?the way you see things. What did you mean?S: People see Luke very dif ferently: “Oh, he cant do something like that. Hes disabled.” But if youjust change how you