上海教科实验中学完形填空中考英语专项训练含答案解析.pdf

上海教科实验中学完形填空中考英语专项训练含答案解析上海教科实验中学完形填空中考英语专项训练含答案解析一、中考英语完形填空一、中考英语完形填空1完形填空 Some British and American people like to invite friends for a meal at home. You should not beupset if your English friends dont 1 you home. It doesnt mean they dont like you. Dinner parties usually start between 7 and 8 p.m. and end at about 11. Ask your hosts whattime you 2 arrive. Its polite to bring flowers, chocolates or a bottle of wine 3 a gift. Usually the evening 4 with drinks and snacks. 5 you want to be extra polite, sayhow much you like the room, or the pictures on the wall. But remember its 6 to ask howmuch things cost. In many families, the husband sits at one end of the table and the wife sits at 7 end.They eat with their guests. Youll 8 start the meal with soup or something small, then youll have meat or fish withvegetables, and then dessert, 9 by coffee. Its polite to finish everything on your plate andto take more if you want. Did you enjoy the 10? Call your hosts the next day, or write them a short “thank you”letter. British and American people like to say “thank you, thank, thank you” all the time!1. A. afford2. A. could3. A. as4. A. openB. inviteB. mustB. likeC. keepC. shouldC. withC. IfD. leaveD. canD. withoutD. startsD. SoB. supposesC. finds5. A. Although B. But7. A. otherB. others6. A. importantB. impolite C. impossibleD. immediateC. the other D. the othersC. mayC. takenD. mightD. followed8. A. probably B. can9. A. broughtB. made10. A. noonB. evening C. afternoon D. morning【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）A；（4）D；（5）C；（6）B；（7）C；（8）A；（9）D；（10）B；【解析】【分析】大意：本文主要介绍了当被英国或美国朋友邀请到家里做客时的一些礼仪及要注意的事项。（1）大意：如果你的美国朋友没有邀请你到家里，你不应该觉得沮丧。根据第一句 SomeBritish and American people like to invite friends for a meal at home. 英美人士喜欢请人到家里做客，可知此处在讨论英美人邀请客人到家里做客的事。故选B。（2）大意：询问你的主人，你应该到达的时间。根据Dinner parties usually start between 7and 8 p.m. and end at about 11. 可知此处介绍宴客的时间，客人应该主动向主人询问前来拜访的时间，用 should。故选 C。（3）大意：带花、巧克力、或一瓶酒做礼物是礼貌的。A 作为，B 像，C 有，D 没有。这些东西是作为礼物拿去的。故选A。（4）大意：通常晚上是以饮料和小吃开始的。固定搭配start with 以开始。故选 D。（5）大意：如果你想要格外礼貌就说说你有多喜欢这个房子和墙上的照片。称赞房子和装饰是一种很有礼貌的行为，所以如果你想展示自己的礼貌，你可以这么做。故选C。（6）大意：问及这些物品的价钱就无礼了。根据转折词 but 可知，称赞物品是礼貌的行为，但询问价钱是无礼的。故选B。（7）大意：在很多家庭中，丈夫和妻子分别坐在桌子的两端。根据西方的习俗，主人夫妇是要分开坐在桌子的两端的。A.其他的 other+可数名词复数；B.其他的人/动词；C.另一个+可数名词单数； D.另一些人/东西。根据西方的习俗，丈夫坐一端，妻子坐另一端。故选C。（8）大意：你很可能以一些汤或者小东西开始这一餐。A 可能，可能性很大；B 可以，表能力；C 可以，常用于请求帮助；D 可能，可能性比较小。根据外国人用餐的习惯可知，他们以汤或一些小的食物开始。故选A。（9）大意：甜点接下来应该上咖啡。固定搭配followed by接下来。故选 D。（10）大意：你享不享受这样的一个晚上？通读短文可知，这里讨论的是在主人家享用晚宴的礼节。故选 B。【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。2完形填空 Most of us have three meals a day. We take food for granted （想当然）. And we dont thinkabout it. 1 experts argue a food crisis （危机） is coming. This crisis is going to make us2 the way we think about food. Food is in great need 3 a growing of world population. By 1960, the population wasthree billion. It doubled to six billion by 1999.By 2050, this planet will need to 4 at leastnine billion people. As a result, the food prices get higher and higher. So, what can a 5 , crowed world do? One suggestion is to eat 6 meat. Meat usesmore natural resources（资源） than grains（谷物）. It requires more 7 to produce onepound of meat than to produce one pound of grain. It also requires between 5 and 10 times more8 than vegetables. So, eating less meat will 9 more land for farming, and it will savewater. To eat less meat, people will need to change their eating habits. That will not be 10 .Americans, for example, have 11 loved meat. In general, they eat twice as much meat aspeople in other countries. At the same time, in developing countries like China and Brazil, sales ofmeat have doubled in the last 20 years. 12 will double again by 2050. Growing need ofmeat will 13 to put pressure on natural resources.World population is increasing, resources are becoming fewer, and food prices are rising.Therefore, we need to rethink 14 we eat every day. For meat lovers, we dont need to giveup meat 15 . But we need to eat more grains and less meat.1. A. AndB. ButC. OrD. Until2. A. change4. A. help5. A. busy6. A. less7. A. time8. A. air9. A. provide11. A. never12. A. It14. A. how15. A. quicklyB. findB. haveB. tiredB. moreB. landB. meatB. produceB. seldomB. TheyB. whenC. getC. feedC. thirstyC. muchC. peopleC. moneyC. wasteC. easyC. hardlyC. WeC. haveC. whatD. tellD. meetD. hungryD. littleD. placeD. waterD. needD. necessaryD. alwaysD. ThatD. startD. whereD. especially3. A. instead of B. thanks toC. because ofD. as for10. A. importantB. hard13. A. continue B. stopB. completelyC. finally【答案】 （1）B；（2）A；（3）C；（4）C；（5）D；（6）A；（7）B；（8）D；（9）A；（10）C；（11）D；（12）B；（13）A；（14）C；（15）B；【解析】【分析】本文介绍了健康饮食应该是怎样的。（1）句意：但是专家争论一个危机即将来领。A.And 和，B.But 但是，C.Or 或者，D.Until直到。根据前文不是陈述危机，而后面说危机，可知应该填入转折词but，故选 B。（2）句意；这个危机将会使得我们改变思考食物的方式。 A.change 改变，B.find 找出，C.get 得到，D.tell 告诉。根据后文提到食物的来源改变可知，空缺处的意义为改变食物来源，填入 change，故选 A。（3）句意：由于 人口的快速增长，食物需求增大。A.instead of 替代，B.thanks to 多亏，C.because of 因为，D.as for 至于。根据后文提到人口增加，可知食物需求增加，句子前后是因果关系，填入 because of，故选 C。（4）句意：到了 2050 年，这个星球需要喂养至少 90 亿人口。A.help 帮助，B.have 有，C.feed喂养，D.meet 见面。根据句意可知，空缺的意义为喂养，填入feed，故选 C。（5）句意；因此，饥饿拥挤的世界该做什么？A.busy 忙碌的，B.tired 疲劳的，C.thirsty 渴的，D.hungry 饥饿的。根据前文提到人口很多，可知食物跟不上，故人们很饥饿，填入hungry，故选 D。（6）句意：一个建议是吃更少的肉。A.less 更少的，B.more 更多的，C.much 很多，D.little一点点。根据后文提到吃更少的肉，可知空缺处填入less，故选 A。（7）句意：跟一公斤谷物相比，它需要更多的陆地去生产肉类。 A.time 时间，B.land 陆地，C.people 人们，D.place 地方。根据句子出现 grain，可知空缺处填入 land，故选 B。（8）句意：跟蔬菜比起来，它也需要5 到 10 倍的水来生产肉类。 A.air 空气，B.meat肉，C.money 钱，D.water水。根据后文提到的 and it will save water 可知，比较的对象是水，填入 water ， 故选 D。（9）句意：因此，吃更少的肉可以提供为农业更多的土地。A.provide 提供，B.produce 生产，C.waste 浪费，D.need 需要。根据前文提到肉类占用的面积更大，可知空缺出填入提供，provide，故选 A。（10）句意：那不会很容易。A.important 重要的，B.hard 难的，C.easy 容易的，D.necessary 必要的。根据后文提到美国人饮食习惯，可知改变饮食习惯很难，填入 easy，故选 C。（11）句意：比如，美国人，总是喜欢肉类。A.never 从不，B.seldom 很少，C.hardly 几乎不，D.always总是。根据后文提到的 In general, they eat twice as much meat as people inother countries.可知，美国人总是吃肉类，填入always，故选 D。（12）句意：它们到 2050 年会翻倍。A.It 它，B.They 他们，C.We 我们，D.That 那个。根据空缺处填入代词，可知指代的是前面出现的sales of meat，填入 they，故选 B。（13）句意；持续的肉类需求会给自然资源增加狠多压力。A.continue 继续，B.stop 停止，C.have 有，D.start 开始。根据前文提到肉类占用自然资源比例较大， 可知肉类需求增长会给自然资源增加很多压力，填入continue，故选 A。（14）句意：因此，我们需要重新思考一下我们每天吃的东西。A.how 如何，B.when 什么时候，C.what 什么，D.where 哪里。根据文章提到吃的食物的种类，可知空缺的意义为什么，填入 what，故选 C。（15）句意：我们完全不必要放弃肉类。A.quickly 快速地，B.completely 完全的，C.finally最终的，D.especially尤其的。根据后文提到的 But we need to eat more grains and less meat.可知，我们不必完全放弃肉类，填入completely，故选 B。【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。3完形填空Its not easy to achieve success. However, Napoleon Hill believed everyone can become1 if they think right. After he did many years of research 2 successful people, his bookThink and Grow Rich came out in 1937. The book is one of the most 3 books ever written. It has sold over 70 million copies.Napoleon Hill 4 at least ten other books about success before his death in 1970.However,5 of them came close to selling as many copies as Think and Grow Rich. It remains the biggestseller of his books. In 2012, Smarter Comics released（发行） a new version of the 6 . Franco Arda, thecompanys founder and publisher, said, I first read Think and Grow Rich when I was a teenager. Itchanged the way I thought about money and 7 . In the book, Napoleon Hill advises8 to read our dreams out loud every morning when we wake up and every evening before wego to bed. He says in the book, If you 9 to give up, your dream will be sure to cometrue. Franco Arda continued, The new version is like a comic book, 10 its easier tounderstand. Its worth reading the book.1. A. politeB. patient C. honest D. successful2. A. onB. forC. inD. to3. A. awful B. popularC. useful D. important4. A. read B. wroteC. boughtD. borrowed5. A. allB. bothC. noneD. neitherC. poem D. novelD. educationD. themD. becauseC. himC. so6. A. book B. play8. A. meB. us10. A. ifB. but7. A. luckB. success C. love9. A. hope B. decide C. refuse D. promise【答案】 （1）D；（2）A；（3）B；（4）B；（5）C；（6）A；（7）B；（8）B；（9）C；（10）C；【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是成功并不容易。然而拿破仑.希尔认为他们只要认为是对的，每个人都会取得成功。本文主要介绍了拿破仑和他的著作思考致富。阐述了他对成功的看法。（1）形容词辨析。句意：然而，拿破仑认为只要他们认为是正确的，他们都能成功。根据 Its not easy to achieve success. 可知此处说的是成功的看法。polite 有礼貌的；patient 有耐心的；honest 诚实的；successful 成功的，故选 D。（2）介词辨析。句意：在他对成功人士多年的研究后，他的著作思考致富于 1937 年出版。此处讲的是拿破仑对于成功人士进行研究，on 关于，for 为了，in 在里面；to 对于，故选 A。（3）形容词辨析。句意：这本书是曾经写的最受欢迎的一本书。根据 It has sold over 70million copies. 它的销售量超过 700 万，可见它很受欢迎。awful 可怕的；popular 受欢迎的；useful 有用的，important重要的，故选 B。（4）动词辨析。句意：拿破仑在1970 年去世前，至少写了10 本关于成功的书。根据 Thebook is one of the most popular books ever written.可知此处指的是写的很多书。read 读书，write 写，buy 买，borrow 借，故选 B。（5）代词辨析。句意：然而，它们中没有一个能像思考致富卖得那么多。all 三者或三者以上都，both 两者都，none 没有，指三者或三者以上，neither 没有一个，指两者，根据 Napoleon Hill wrote at least ten other books about success before his death in 1970. 和转折连词 but，可知虽然他写了很多书，但是没有一本销售量比思考致富卖得多。故选C。（6）名词辨析。句意：2012 年 Smarter Comics 公司出版了这本书的新版本。book 书，play 剧本，poem 诗歌，novel 小说。根据上文 It remains the biggest seller of his books. 可知此处指的是思考致富这本书。故选A。（7）名词辨析。句意：它改变了我对金钱和成功的看法。根据He says in the book, If yourefuse to give up, your dream will be sure to come true.如果你拒绝放弃，你的梦想一定会实现。可知此处指的是成功，梦想。 luck 幸运；success 成功，love 爱，education 教育，故选 B。（8）代词辨析。句意：在书中拿破仑建议我们每天早上醒来和每天晚上睡觉前大声地读出我们的梦想。根据 to read our dreams out loud every morning 可知是建议我们大声读梦想。me 我，us 我们，him 他，them 他们，故选 B。（9）动词辨析。句意：他在书中说“如果你不放弃，你的梦想一定会实现。根据常识，我们只要坚持，梦想就会实现，可知此处是拒绝放弃， hope 希望；decide 决定，refuse 拒绝，promise 答应，许诺，故选 C。（10）连词辨析。句意：弗朗哥继续说道 “新版本就像是一本漫画书，它更容易理解，值得一读。if 如果，but 但是，so 因此，because 因为，这两个句子之间是因果关系，故选C。【点评】此题考查完形填空。解题的方法第一要带着空，通读文章，搞清事件发生的背景。紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息 ,充分利用各种线索，语法知识 ,以及句子之间的关系，词的搭配,结合上下文背景语境，结合句意选择适合语境的选项。4阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 There was once a rich and kind store owner. He 1 to leave all his money to an honestyoung mall when he was old. A good friend of his bad an idea and 2 him. The next time you are giving the customerstheir change, make sure you give them too much. He who returns the 3 money to you ishonest. The rich man thought it was a good idea, so he decided to try it. However, a neighbor happened to hear the 4 . He paid a witch（女巫）to cast spell（咒语）on the rich old mans coins. Anyone who saw the coins5by the old manwouldnt see them as coins, but as something that they wanted most in the world. The neighborbelieved that 6 customer would return the old mans money. Indeed, everything went according to the neighbors 7 . When the old man had almost8 trying, the greedy neighbor sent his nephew to the old mans store. He had told the boy toreturn the old mans money. 9 when the boy received the coins, he saw in them all themoney of his uncle. He didnt want to return the money and 10 with the coins. Finally, the rich old man was dying. He decided to give his servants some money so that theycould live freely when he was 11 with them. Among these servants was a young man,who 12 and respected the old man. He saw in the money a powerful medicine, which was13 what he most wanted in the world. On seeing this, the young man 14 the moneyback, saying. Take this, sir. Its 15 you. It will make you feel better. The old man felt happy that he finally found an honest person. He gave all his money to him.1. A. encouraged B. asked2. A. advised3. A. necessary5. A. designed6. A. all8. A. given up9. A. So10. A. sat11. A. as usualB. warnedB. extraB. createdB. everyC. beganC. usefulD. decidedD. surprisingC. remindedD. fooled4. A. conversationB. questionC. message D. soundC. touched D. changedC. eachC. tryC. AndD. noD. lieD. Or7. A. experienceB. planB. ButB. talkedB. at onceB. thought of C. kept onD. begun withC. dancedD. leftC. no longerD. once againC. describedD. pleasedD. alwaysD. besideC. offeredD. wantedC. on12. A. surprisedB. loved14. A. brought15. A. withB. pulledB. for13. A. probablyB. sometimesC. hardly【答案】 （1）D；（2）A；（3）B；（4）A；（5）C；（6）D；（7）B；（8）A；（9）B；（10）D；（11）C；（12）B；（13）A；（14）A；（15）B；【解析】【分析】主要讲了一个富有的和友好的商店拥有者是怎样找到一个诚实的年轻人，并且把他的所有的钱给他的。（1）句意：他决定当他老了时他把所有的钱留给一个诚实的年轻人。A.鼓励；B.询问；C.开始；D.决定。根据句意可知是决定把所有的钱给年轻人，故选D。（2）句意：他的一个好朋友有了一个好主意，并且建议他。 A.建议；B.警告；C.提醒；D.愚弄。根据后句可知是朋友给他出了一个主意，即建议，故选A。（3）句意：把额外的钱还给你的那个人是诚实的。A.必要的；B.额外的；C.有用的；D.惊讶的。根据前句可知朋友出的主意是给顾客多的零钱，看看谁把额外的钱还给他，故选B。（4）句意：然而一个邻居恰巧听到这个对话。A.对话；B.问题；C.信息；D.声音。根据句意可知邻居听到了他和朋友的对话，故选A。（5）句意：任何看到被老人触摸的硬币将不把它们看做硬币。A.设计；B.建立；C.触摸；D.改变。根据句意可知是老人触摸的钱，故选C。（6）句意：邻居相信没有顾客将归还老人的钱。A.所有；B.每一个；C.每一个；D.没有。根据句意可知邻居听到了两人的对话，让女巫下了咒语，不会有顾客归还老人钱，故选D。（7）句意：所有的事情按照邻居的计划进行。A.经验；B.计划；C.尝试；D.躺下。根据句意可知是事情按照邻居的计划进行着，故选B。（8）句意：当老人几乎放弃尝试的时候。A.放弃；B.思考；C.继续；D.开始。根据句意可知是老人几乎放弃了寻找诚实的人，故选A。（9）句意：但是当这个男孩收到硬币的时候。根据前后句可知邻居让侄子把钱还给老人，但是男孩没有把钱归还，所以用转折连词but，故选 B。（10）句意：他不想把钱归还，并且拿着钱离开了。A.坐；B.说；C.跳舞；D.离开。根据句意可知是男孩拿着钱离开了，故选D。（11）句意：他决定给他的仆人一些钱目的是当他不再和他们一起的时候，他们可以活得自由。A.像往常一样；B.立刻；C.不再；D.再次。根据句意可知是不再和他们一起时，故选C。（12）句意：这些仆人中一个年轻人，他喜欢尊敬老人。 A.惊讶；B.喜欢；C.描述；D.取悦。根据句意可知仆人喜欢老人，故选B。（13）句意：他把钱看作是一种强大的药，很可能是世界上他最想要的东西。 A.可能地；B.有时；C.几乎不；D.总是。根据句意可知是可能是，故选A。（14）句意：一看到这个，年轻人带回了钱。A.带来；B.拉；C.提供；D.想要。bring back带回.，根据句意可知是带给老人，故选A。（15）句意：它是给你的。A.和；B.给；C.在.上面；D.在.旁边。根据句意可知是钱是给老人的，故选 B。【点评】考查完形填空，考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。5阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 On a summer evening in June, it took Sylvie longer than usual to find her grandmothers cow. Itwas already eight oclock and Sylvie wondered if her grandmother would be 1 for herbeing so late. Suddenly a hungry and tired young 2 with a gun（枪） in his hand appeared on theroad. He said he 3 his way in the forest and asked her for help. Sylvie took him home4 she was a little afraid. Her grandmother said, We dont have much, but youre welcome to5 what we have. Sylvie, please get a plate for the gentleman! Then they offered 6 tothe man. After eating, 7 of them sat outside in the yard. The stranger told them he was ascientist, who was 8 some strange birds. He also said he would give ten dollars to theperson who helped him 9 the white bird named Heron. Sylvies heart began to beat10 . She knew that strange white bird! She had seen 11 on the other side of the forest. That night Sylvies dreams were full of everything she could buy with ten dollars. She had a12 that she would get the money for her grandmother. When it was almost time for the sunto rise, she 13 left her house and hurried through the forest. She was sure she would beable to see where the white bird had hidden. About an hour later, Sylvie came back from the14 . But she was silent. Sheremembered how it came flying through the golden air. She decided not to tell the herons15 to anyone and gave its life away. The young man went away disappointed later that day.Sylvie felt kind of sad. But she soon became happy when she heard the sound of the bird.1. A. pleased B. angry2. A. boy3. A. lost4. A. soB. girlB. knewB. sinceC. strictC. manC. foundC. makeD. excitedD. womanD. showedD. buyD. allD. designD. slowD. themC. thoughD. becauseC. dinnerD. water5. A. borrowB. share6. A. breakfastB. lunch7. A. neitherB. eitherC. both9. A. catch10. A. well11. A. it12. A. task13. A. sadly14. A. riverB. cutB. fastB. himC. sellC. deepC. her8. A. feedingB. stealing C. inventingD. collectingB. problemC. surveyD. planB. safelyC. quietlyD. noi