英语国家概况复习.doc.pdf

英语国家概况期末考试题型一、 填空（20*1=2020*1=20）二、 单项选择（15*1=1515*1=15）三、 判断对错（15*1=1515*1=15）四、 名词解释（5*2=105*2=10）五、 简答（4*5=204*5=20）六、 论述（2*10=202*10=20）说明：以下是考试范围。判断和单项选择就是书后面的内容。填空题也从这两个部分里面出。名词解释、简单题、论述题都是出自课文后的名词解释和问题。True or FalseTrue or False1.The United Kingdom and Northern Island is located in northern Europe.2.The United Kingdom consists of four political divisionsEngland, Scotland, Wales and Ireland.3.England is one of the two large islands in the British Isles.4.The British Isles are made up of three large island and hundreds of small ones.5.Wales lies on the east coast of the island of Great Britain.7.In Scotland, rugged mountains, green valleys, and deep, blue lakes provide some of the mostbeautiful scenery in Europe.8.Britains longest river is the Thames.9.The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh in northwest England.11. The English, the Scots, and the Welsh are Anglo-Saxons, but the Irish are Celts.14. Compared with the rest of the world, the UK has a smaller percentage of older people and a higherpercentage of younger people.16. Scottish Gaelic is the official language in Scotland.18.English people all strive to free themselves of regional or local accents in order to sound likeeducated English-speaking people.19.Social class in the UK lays more emphasis on money and property.21. The successful Roman invasion took place in 43 AD, headed by the Emperor Julius Caesar.23.The Magna Carta set out the rules which were to form the basis for the Parliament which operatesin England today.24.The Black Death ravaged England, carrying off three fourths of the population.27. Queen Mary was a follower of the Church of England and was determined to take England onceagain a Protestant country.34.A general election may be called by the government at any time but must be within four years ofthe previous one.35.The House of Lords is the second chamber where changes in law can be made.36.The party which wins the second largest munber of seats in the House of Lords becomes theofficial Opposition.38.The Speaker is a member who is acceptable to all shades of opinion in the House of Lords.39.The two major parties in Britain today are the Conservative Party and the Liberal DemocraticParty.40.Ministers in Britain cannot be elected Members of Parliament at the same time.43. In Scotland, all appeals are heard by three or more judges of the High Court of Justiciary.45. London? s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of the Lord Chancellor.47.The House of Lords is the court of last resort for most instances of UK law.48.The Lord chancellor is the highest court officer in Britain.52.John Maynard Keynes was an influential American economist.53.A strong opponent of the policies of the Labor Party, Margaret Thatcher worked to increasegovernment control over the British economy.55.The area between London and South Wales is often referred to as Britains Silicon Glen.56.Britain imports chiefly manufactured products and exports mostly raw materials.58.The value of Britains exports of goods usually exceeds the value of its imports.59.Today, the City of London is the center of London where government departments are located.60.The trade union movement in Britain has become stronger these years because of changes in thestructure of employment.65.General Practitioners receive fees based on the number of individuals who register with them aspatients.66.The nuclear family accounts for a majority of households and has increased in recent years.67.In Northern Ireland, the needs of those in difficulty are met by local authorities, who draw uponfunds provided by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP).68.Eye tests and dental treatments in NHS hospitals are free of charge.69.Personal social services refer to the provision of financial support for the people in difficulty.70.Most British people now live in detached houses.71.In the UK, more than half of the Christians attend worship on regular basis.72.Christian was first introduced into Britain by St. Augustine in the 6th century of the church ofEngland.74.The supreme Governor of the Church of England is the Archbishop of Canterbury.75.Canterbury Cathedral is used for the Coronation of all British Monarchs.77.The Church of Scotland is the established church in Scotland and is subject to state control.78.The Baptist Union of Great Britain is the largest of the free churches in Britain.80. Since the United Kingdomguarantees its citizens religious freedomwithout interference from thestates or the community .religion in Britain is separated from politics.83.Thanks to the 1988 Education Reform Act ,the UK has since provide universal and free stateprimary and secondary education.84.The Secretary of State for Education is responsible for public spending on schools.85.The Department of Education and Science is primarily responsible for public spending on schools.86.In the UK, public schools are public-funded.87.Universities and higher education colleges in the UK enjoy academic freedom, appoint their owndegrees, decide which students to admit and are financially self-reliant.91.People in the UK spend about most of the free time in the pub.92.The Royal National Theatre often performs in Stratford-upon-Avon, Shakespeares birthplace.93.With the emergence of the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, and the Who, British popularmusic Jed the world from the early 1980s.95. The UKs biggest-selling newspaper is The Times.97.The national sport of the UK is rugby.98.Cricket is popular in all the four home nations.101. The United States stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Pacific Ocean In the east.103.The Appalachian region is both complicated and varied, containing not only some of the highestmountains in North America, but also a vast expanse of intermontane basins, plateaus, and isolatedranges.104.Western Washington and Oregon receive plenty of rain and Central California is noticeably drierin winter.106. Washington D. C. is located in the Southern States Region and is also part of a state.110. Hawaii has the largest land area of all the states, and Alaska has one of the smallest land areas.114.When many thousands of Southerners saw the victory of Abraham Lincoln in the 1860 electionas not simply a political defeat but also a threat to all southern institutions and the southern way off life,they decided to secede from the Confederacy.115.The Progressive Movement was a well 一 organized, unified movement, demanding governmentregulation of economy and social condition.117.The Stock Market collapse occurred in 1928 in the United States.118.The Truman Doctrine referred to military and economic aid to Greece and Turkey.119.Nixon was the second president in American history 10 resign from the highest office of thenation.120.The bl ack-white racial chasm in post-Civil 一 Rights-Movement America was highlighted by thesavage beating of Martin Luther King by white police officers in 1992.121.In the United States, the major source of population growth is the rising birth rate.122.In the United States, African Americans remain the largest minority group.124.Hispanics have a low school dropout rate.125.Many of the Chicanos are farmers.128.The first Asians to arrive in the United States in significant numbers were the Japanese.129.Today, American Indians are only allowed to live on reservations.131.The Constitution of the United States , after its ratification, has never been revised.132.According to the Constitution, the federal government is responsible, for addressing questionsthat affect the nation as a whole as well as individual stares.134. The government is divided into four branches: the legislative ,the presidency, the bureaucracy andthe judiciary.136.Candidates for the presidency can only be chosen by political parties.137.The president has great executive but no legislative power138.Congressmen serve a term of six years while senators serve a term of two years.139.The Democrats are thought of as associated with business, Anglo-Americans, and the rich.140.The number of Senators from each state is based upon its population.Multiple Choices1.The British Isles are made up of.A.three large islands and hundreds of small onesB.three large islands and dozens of small onesC.two large islands and hundreds of small onesD.two large islands and dozens of small ones2.Which of the following is NOT a political division on the island of Great Britain?A.England B. Scotland C. Northern Ireland D. Wales3.Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the and theNorth Sea in the east.A.east B. south C. west D. north4.The Republic of Ireland became independent in the year.A.1920 B. 1945 C. 1918 D. 19495.The highest mountain in Britain, Ben Nevis, lies in.A.the HighlandsB. the Southern UplandsC. the Central Lowlands D. the Lake District6.The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in.A.1921 B. 1931 C. 1945 D. 19507.All the following are natural zones in Scotland, except.A.Highlands in the north B. the Central lowlandsC. the Eastern lowlands D. the Southern uplands8.The mountain system the Pennines is often called the backbone ofA.England B. Scotland C. Great Britain D. Ireland9.The regional capital of Northern Ireland isLA.Glasgow B. Edinburgh C. Cardiff D. Belfast10.Which of the following statements about the climate in Britain is NOT true?A.Britains climate is of the maritime typeB.Winters in Britain are extremely coldC.Summers in Britain are coolD.Britain is warmer than Harbin in winter11.The English people and the English language were born from the union of.A.the Angles and the SaxonsB.Germanic conquerors and the Norman FrenchC.Danes or Vikings and the Norman FrenchD.Norman conquerors and the defeated Anglo-Saxons12.The first known settlers of Britain weretA. the Iberians B. the Beaker Folk C. the Celts D. the Romans13.About 80,000 Scots speak Gaelic which is an ancient.A. Scottish language B. English languageC. Irish language D. Celtic language14.About three million people have migrated to Britain since World War II. They are mainly from theWest Indies, India and.A.Indonesia B. Singapore C. Hong Kong, China D. Pakistan15.In Britain of the population is urban andA.90%; 10% B. 80%; 20% C. 70%;30%16.The ancestors of the Welsh were the ancient.A. Celts B. Romans C. Normans D. Britonsis rural.D. 60%; 40%17.The average population density in Britain is people per square kilometer.A. 205 B. 370 C. 800 D. 50018.During the fifth century when the Roman Empire fell, the Germanic invaded andconquered Britain.A. Angles and Celts B. Angles and PictsC. Angles and Brythons D. Angles and Saxons19.The upper class in Britain consists of all the following except.A. peerage B. gentry C. landowners D. professionals20.Britishness can be reflected in all the following except.A. Union Jack B. Conservativeness C. the Beatles D. football21.In 1066 Harold and his troops fought against Williams army on Senlac field near.A. London B. Normandy C. Standford D. Hastings22.The Plantagenet dynasty was founded byA. Henry B. Henry II C. King Joseph D. Count of Anjor23.English Reformation was carried out by to change the religion in England fromCatholicism to Protestantism.A. Edward VI B. Henry VIII C. Mary I D. Elizabeth I24.King John was forced by the barons to sign the which restricted kings power.A. Bill of RightsB. Petition of RightC. Provisions of Oxford D. Great Charter25.Simon de Montforts reform is considered to be the beginning of English.A. parliament B. cabinet C. constitution D. Liberty26.From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver Cromwell as.A. Lord Protector B. Lieutenant GeneralC.Commander of the New Model ArmyD.President27.William of Orange started Constitutional Monarchy by accepting _in 1689.A. Bill of Rights B. Petition of RightC. Provisions of Oxford D. Great Charter28.It was during the reign of that the name Great Britain came into being in 1707.A. Elizabeth B. Henry VIII C. Charles D. Anne29.The 1851 London Great Exposition was held in the Crystal Palace which was designed by Queenshusband Albert.A. Mary B. Elizabeth I C. Victoria D. Anne30.The British Prime Minister who led the British to defeat Nazi Germany is.A. Churchill B. Chamberlain C. Macdonald D. Macmillan31.The British constitution is made up of the following EXCEPT.A.Commonwealth law B. statute lawC. common lawParliament.A. 650 B. 651 C. 659 D. 66033.British Conservative Party was formerly called Party in the 18th century.A. Whig B. Tory C. Liberal D. Nationalist34.The United Kingdom is governed in the name of, by.A.the King; His Majesty GovernmentB.the Queen; Her Majestys GovernmentC.the Sovereign; Prime MinisterD.the Sovereign; His or Her Majesty5s Government35.is the “supreme governor, of the Church of England.A. The monarch B. The Archbishop of YorkC. The Archbishop of Canterbury D. The Roman Pope36.In Britain the citizens aged or over have the right to vote.A. 16 B.18C.21 D.3037.The House of Common is headed by.A. the Prime Minister B. the SpeakerC. the Lord Chencellor D. the Monarch38.By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed by the Sovereign in theUnited Kingdom.A. Prime Minister B. Member of ParliamentC. Lord of AppealD. Speaker of the HouseB. the Labor PartyD. the Green Party39.The Liveral Democratic Party is the combination of the Social Democratic Party and.A. the Conservative PartyC. the Liveral PartyA.make lawB.authorizing taxation and public expenditureC.declare war and making peaceD.examining the actions of the government41.All criminal trials are held in open court because the criminal law presumes the ofthe accused until he has been proven guilty beyonbd reasonable doubt.A. guilt B. impartiality C. innocence D. honesty42.In England, Wales, and Northern Island, people between the ageof and 70 whose names appear on the electoral register are liable for jury service andtheir names are chosen at random.A. 18 B. 19 C. 20 D. 2143.The jury consists of ordinary, independent citizens summoned by the court: 12 in England,Wales and Northern Island, and in Scotland.D. European Community Law32.The House of Commons is elected by universal suffrage and has Members of40.Parliament has the following functions EXCETP1B.C. 14 D.A44.Whether the accused is guilty or innocent is decided by21315A.the policemenB.the juryC.the judgeD.the sheriff45.The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the Scotland isA.the Supreme Court of the United KingdomB.the Court of AppealC.the High Court of JusticiaryD.the House of Lords46.In England and Wales the highest judicial appointnents are nade by the Queen on the advice of.A. the Lord Chancellor B. the Home SecretaryC. the Prime Minister D. the Attorney General47.Criminal cases in England and Wales may NOT be tried in.A. the Magistrates5 CourtC. the High CourtB. the Court of AppealD. the Crown Court48.In Scotland, are primarily civil law courts.A. Magistrates5 Courts B. County CourtsC. Crown Courts