2021上海在职攻读硕士联考考试模拟卷（4）.docx

2021上海在职攻读硕士联考考试模拟卷（4）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.在欧洲历史上，封建主义这一概念在出现时首先假设了贵族阶级的存在。但是，除非贵族的封号和世袭地位受到法律的确认，否则，严格意义上的贵族阶级就不可能存在。虽然欧洲的封建主义早在公元8世纪就存在，但是，直到12世纪，贵族世袭才开始受到法律确认。而到了12世纪，不少欧洲国家的封建制度已走向衰弱。 如果上述断定为真，则以下哪项一定为真 在欧洲历史上，封建主义这一概念存在不同定义。 如果一个国家通过法律确认贵族的封号和世袭地位，则这个国家一定存在严格意义上的贵族阶级。 封建国家中可能不存在严格意义上的贵族阶级。A只有。B只有。C只有。D只有和。E、和。 2.4546题基于以下题干： 张教授：在西方经济萧条时期，南汽车尾气造成的空气污染状况会大大改善，因为开车上班的人大大减少了。 李工程师：情况恐怕不是这样。在萧条时期买新车的人大大减少。而车越老，排放的超标尾气造成的污染越严重。 以下哪项最为准确地概括了李工程师的反驳所运用的方法 A运用一个反例，质疑张教授的论据。B提出一种考虑，虽然不否定张教授的论据，但能削弱这一论据对其结论的支持。C作出一个断定，只要张教授的结论不成立，则该断定一定成立。D论证一个见解：张教授的论证虽然缺乏说服力，但其结论是成立的。E运用归谬反驳张教授的结论，即如果张教授的结论成立，会得出荒谬的推论。 3.4546题基于以下题干： 张教授：在西方经济萧条时期，南汽车尾气造成的空气污染状况会大大改善，因为开车上班的人大大减少了。 李工程师：情况恐怕不是这样。在萧条时期买新车的人大大减少。而车越老，排放的超标尾气造成的污染越严重。 张教授的论证依赖以下哪项假设 A只有就业人员才开车。B空气污染主要是由上班族的汽车所排放的尾气造成的。C大多数上班族不使用公共交通工具上班。D在萧条时期，开车上班人数的减少一定会造成汽车运行总量的减少。E在萧条时期，开车上班人员的失业率高于不开车上班人员。 4.Questions 53 to 57 are based on the following passage:(10分)To the people of ancient Egypt,life on earth was short.Life after death,however,was eternal. Therefore they built their tombs of stone and they took their possessions with them into another world. The more important the people,the greater the tomb.The Pharaohs were the rulers of the country and when they died they became gods.Many of their tombs remain,and some have become a wonder of the world.These are the pyramids.The purpose of these stone mountains was to protect the burial chamber form the weather and from thieves who might try to steal the gold,jewels and precious possessions placed there to accompany the dead ruler into eternal life.Their shape,with four triangular sides spreading from a single point,represented the rays of the sun.their position on the west bank of the River Nile was where the sun set every day and where they believed it began its journey into the other world.All the burial grounds in ancient Egypt were on the west bank of the river.Why did the people of ancient Egypt build their tombs of stoneABecause they thought life on the earth was short,but life after death was eternal.BBecause they wanted to bring all their possessions into another world.CBecause they wanted to protect their possessions into another world.DAll of the above. 5.Questions 58 to 62 are based on the following passage:(10分)U.S.jeans maker Levi Strauss&Co.denied it was playing on consumer fears by launching aline of trousers fitted with“anti-radiation(防辐射)”pockets for mobile phones.The trousers,with alining which the makers say shields(防护物)against radiation,are designed by Dockers,a brandname of Levi Strauss.“We are not implying in any way that mobile phones are dangerous.Ourintention is not to cash in on consumer fears but provide the consumers with what they want,”Levis Eruopean communications manager Cedric Jungpeter said.The design was the fruit ofextensive market research showing that the fashion conscious was also health conscious.Jungpetersaid.“Thedebate is open.Although no study has proved mobile phones are harmful,no study hasproved the contrary either.”He added.Worldwide studies into the possible dangers of mobilephones produce often conflicting conclusions.A recent one carried out by Australian researchersover a three-year period showed that radio emissions from mobile phones did not trigger the growthof tumors in mice,and thereofre probable did not do so in humans either.And another Australlianstudy concluded cellular phones could foster tumor growth.Swedish research published recentlyconcluded that long-term users of first generation mobile phones faced an up to 80 percent greaterrisk of developing brain tumors than non-users.But a Danish study last year of 400,000 mobilephone users showed no increased cancer risk.The passage focuses on_Athe debate on mobile phones radiationBthe trousers concerned with mobile phonesCthe researchers on mobile phonesdangersDthe fruit of worldwide studies into mobile phones 6.Questions 63 TO 67 are based on the following passage:(10分)Television,the modern wonder of electronics,brings the world into your own home in sight and sound.And the wordtelevisionmeans seeing far.Television works in much the same way as radio.In radio,sound is changed into electromagnetic waves which are sent through the air.Experiments leading to modern television took place more than a hundred years ago.By the 1920s inventors and researchers had turned,the early theories into working models.Yet it took another thirty years for TV to become industry. The influence of TV on the life of people is incalculable:it can influence their thoughts and their way of life.It can also add to their store of knowledge.Educational TV stations offer teaching in various subjects.Some hospitals use TV for medical students to get close-up views of operations. At first television programs were broadcast in black-and-white.With the development of science and technology,the problem of how to telecast them in full color was solved and by the middle 1960s the national networks were broadcasting most of their programs in color. The programs that people watch are not only local and national ones.Since the launching of the first communications satellite,more and more programs are telecast“live”from all over the world. People in San Francisco were able to watch the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo.And live telecasts now come from outer space.In 1969,the first astronauts to land on the moon televised their historic “moon walk”to viewers on the earth.Since then,astronauts have regularly sent telecast to the earth.The launching of communications satellites made it possible fro people in San Francisco to _.Aget close-up views of operationsBstore knowledgeCwatch the 1964 Olympic Games in TokyoDwatch national programs 7.Questions 58 to 62 are based on the following passage:(10分)U.S.jeans maker Levi Strauss&Co.denied it was playing on consumer fears by launching aline of trousers fitted with“anti-radiation(防辐射)”pockets for mobile phones.The trousers,with alining which the makers say shields(防护物)against radiation,are designed by Dockers,a brandname of Levi Strauss.“We are not implying in any way that mobile phones are dangerous.Ourintention is not to cash in on consumer fears but provide the consumers with what they want,”Levis Eruopean communications manager Cedric Jungpeter said.The design was the fruit ofextensive market research showing that the fashion conscious was also health conscious.Jungpetersaid.“Thedebate is open.Although no study has proved mobile phones are harmful,no study hasproved the contrary either.”He added.Worldwide studies into the possible dangers of mobilephones produce often conflicting conclusions.A recent one carried out by Australian researchersover a three-year period showed that radio emissions from mobile phones did not trigger the growthof tumors in mice,and thereofre probable did not do so in humans either.And another Australlianstudy concluded cellular phones could foster tumor growth.Swedish research published recentlyconcluded that long-term users of first generation mobile phones faced an up to 80 percent greaterrisk of developing brain tumors than non-users.But a Danish study last year of 400,000 mobilephone users showed no increased cancer risk.Levi Strauss company brought out a line of trousers fitted with“anti-radiation”pockets with a view to_AAttracting possible consumers with new fashionBImproving their efficiency by taking advantage of consumer fearsCSatisfying the consumersneeds for good healthDPromoting sales with peculiar fashion and advertisement 8.Questions 53 to 57 are based on the following passage:(10分)To the people of ancient Egypt,life on earth was short.Life after death,however,was eternal. Therefore they built their tombs of stone and they took their possessions with them into another world. The more important the people,the greater the tomb.The Pharaohs were the rulers of the country and when they died they became gods.Many of their tombs remain,and some have become a wonder of the world.These are the pyramids.The purpose of these stone mountains was to protect the burial chamber form the weather and from thieves who might try to steal the gold,jewels and precious possessions placed there to accompany the dead ruler into eternal life.Their shape,with four triangular sides spreading from a single point,represented the rays of the sun.their position on the west bank of the River Nile was where the sun set every day and where they believed it began its journey into the other world.All the burial grounds in ancient Egypt were on the west bank of the river.Where were these pyramids locatedAAlong the both banks of the Nile.BIn another world.CNera the place where they lived.DOn the west bank of the River Nile. 9.Questions 63 TO 67 are based on the following passage:(10分)Television,the modern wonder of electronics,brings the world into your own home in sight and sound.And the wordtelevisionmeans seeing far.Television works in much the same way as radio.In radio,sound is changed into electromagnetic waves which are sent through the air.Experiments leading to modern television took place more than a hundred years ago.By the 1920s inventors and researchers had turned,the early theories into working models.Yet it took another thirty years for TV to become industry. The influence of TV on the life of people is incalculable:it can influence their thoughts and their way of life.It can also add to their store of knowledge.Educational TV stations offer teaching in various subjects.Some hospitals use TV for medical students to get close-up views of operations. At first television programs were broadcast in black-and-white.With the development of science and technology,the problem of how to telecast them in full color was solved and by the middle 1960s the national networks were broadcasting most of their programs in color. The programs that people watch are not only local and national ones.Since the launching of the first communications satellite,more and more programs are telecast“live”from all over the world. People in San Francisco were able to watch the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo.And live telecasts now come from outer space.In 1969,the first astronauts to land on the moon televised their historic “moon walk”to viewers on the earth.Since then,astronauts have regularly sent telecast to the earth.The development of science and technology made it possible for television programs to_.Abe telecast in full colorBbe telecast in San FranciscoCbe telecast in TokyoDbe telecast in black-and-white 10.Questions 63 TO 67 are based on the following passage:(10分)Television,the modern wonder of electronics,brings the world into your own home in sight and sound.And the wordtelevisionmeans seeing far.Television works in much the same way as radio.In radio,sound is changed into electromagnetic waves which are sent through the air.Experiments leading to modern television took place more than a hundred years ago.By the 1920s inventors and researchers had turned,the early theories into working models.Yet it took another thirty years for TV to become industry. The influence of TV on the life of people is incalculable:it can influence their thoughts and their way of life.It can also add to their store of knowledge.Educational TV stations offer teaching in various subjects.Some hospitals use TV for medical students to get close-up views of operations. At first television programs were broadcast in black-and-white.With the development of science and technology,the problem of how to telecast them in full color was solved and by the middle 1960s the national networks were broadcasting most of their programs in color. The programs that people watch are not only local and national ones.Since the launching of the first communications satellite,more and more programs are telecast“live”from all over the world. People in San Francisco were able to watch the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo.And live telecasts now come from outer space.In 1969,the first astronauts to land on the moon televised their historic “moon walk”to viewers on the earth.Since then,astronauts have regularly sent telecast to the earth.The word“incalculable”means_.Aeasy to tellBvery greatCdifficult to tellDvery small 11.Questions 58 to 62 are based on the following passage:(10分)U.S.jeans maker Levi Strauss&Co.denied it was playing on consumer fears by launching aline of trousers fitted with“anti-radiation(防辐射)”pockets for mobile phones.The trousers,with alining which the makers say shields(防护物)against radiation,are designed by Dockers,a brandname of Levi Strauss.“We are not implying in any way that mobile phones are dangerous.Ourintention is not to cash in on consumer fears but provide the consumers with what they want,”Levis Eruopean communications manager Cedric Jungpeter said.The design was the fruit ofextensive market research showing that the fashion conscious was also health conscious.Jungpetersaid.“Thedebate is open.Although no study has proved mobile phones are harmful,no study hasproved the contrary either.”He added.Worldwide studies into the possible dangers of mobilephones produce often conflicting conclusions.A recent one carried out by Australian researchersover a three-year period showed that radio emissions from mobile phones did not trigger the growthof tumors in mice,and thereofre probable did not do so in humans either.And another Australlianstudy concluded cellular phones could foster tumor growth.Swedish research published recentlyconcluded that long-term users of first generation mobile phones faced an up to 80 percent greaterrisk of developing brain tumors than non-users.But a Danish study last year of 400,000 mobilephone users showed no increased cancer risk.Which of the following statement is NOT trueALevi Strauss company bases its products on the extensive market research.BLevi Straussnewly-designed trousers made the mobile phonespossible dangers known to the public.CCedric Jungpeters statements aim to maintain Levi Straussimage.DDockers is one of the famous brands of Levi Strauss. 12.Questions 53 to 57 are based on the following passage:(10分)To the people of ancient Egypt,life on earth was short.Life after death,however,was eternal. Therefore they built their tombs of stone and they took their possessions with them into another world. The more important the people,the greater the tomb.The Pharaohs were the rulers of the country and when they died they became gods.Many of their tombs remain,and some have become a wonder