2021山东职称英语考试考前冲刺卷（5）.docx

2021山东职称英语考试考前冲刺卷（5）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Exercise Cuts Cancer Deaths in Men 2. 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。 B Stomach Ulcer/B Stomach ulcers are the cause of severe pain for many people. Doctors have been able to help lessen the pain of ulcers. They could not cure them. Now doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers. This means they may have found a way to cure people who suffer from the stomach pain. Studies show that ten percent of the population will develop an ulcer at some time in their life. So a possible cure is good news for many people. Ulcers are wounds in the stomach that are similar to small cuts or tears. These wounds can harm the tissue in the stomach, the pipe that carries the food to the stomach or parts of the small intestines. Fluids in the stomach then increase the pain of an ulcer. How does a person know he or she has an ulcer Doctors say most people with ulcers feel a burning pain in their chest or stomach3. This pain often is called heartburn. It usually happens before eating or during the night. It causes some people to lose their desire to eat, or they are unable to keep food in their stomachs. Doctors believed that ulcers were caused by unusually strong stomach fluids, which damaged stomach tissue. Now they have discovered that most ulcers are caused by a bacterial organism called Hillico Bactor Pilorie or H Pilorie. H Pilorie bacteria are what make stomach produce extra stomach fluid. Doctors found that they can kill the bacteria with medicines called antibiotics. Health experts say the discovery of a cure for ulcers can save thousands of millions of dollars in medical costs. They also believe curing ulcers will reduce the number of people who develop, stomach cancer. The number of people with stomach cancer is very high in Japan, Southeast Asia and pans of Africa. Doctors say a person is more likely to get an ulcer if someone in his or her family has had one. In fact a person with the family history of ulcers is three times more likely to get one than other people. There are ways people can protect themselves from developing an ulcer. Doctors say it is more important to reduce the amount of strong fluids in the stomach. To do this, doctors say, people should not smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol. And they say people should reduce tension in their lives.In the past, doctors couldnt do anything about stomach ulcers. AA. RightBB. WrongCC. Not mentioned 3. 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。 B第一篇/BB Egypt Felled by Famine/B Even ancient Egypts mighty pyramid builders were powerless in the face of the famine that helped bring down their civilisation around 2180 BC. Now evidence gleaned from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a shift in climate thousands of kilometres to the south was ultimately to blame - and the same or worse could happen today. The ancient Egyptians depended on the Niles annual floods to irrigate their crops. But any change in climate that pushed the African monsoons southwards out of Ethiopia would have diminished these floods. Dwindling rains in the Ethiopian highlands would have meant fewer plants to stablise the soil. When rain did fall it would have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile and into Egypt, along with sediment from the White Nile4. The Blue Nile mud has a different isotope signature from that of the White Nile. So by analysing isotope differences in mud deposited in the Nile Delta, Michael Krom of Leeds University worked out what proportion of sediment came from each branch of the river. Krom reasons that during periods of drought, the amount of the Blue Nile mud in the river would be relatively high. He found that one of these periods, from 4,500 to 4,200 years ago, immediately predates the fall of the Egypts Old Kingdom. The weakened waters would have been catastrophic for the Egyptians. "Changes that affect food supply dont have to be very large to have a ripple effect in societies," says Bill Ryan of the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory in New York. Similar events today could be even more devastating, says team member Daniel Stanley, a geoarchaeologist from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. "Anything humans do to shift the climate belts would have an even worse effect along the Nile system today because the populations have increased dramatically."Why does the author mention "pyramid builders" ABecause they once worked miracles.BBecause they were well-built.CBecause they were actually very weak.DBecause even they were unable to rescue their civilisation. 4.B第二篇/BB After-birth Depression Blamed for Womans Suicide/B A new mother apparently suffering from postpartum mental illness fell to her death from a narrow 12th-floor ledge of a Chicago hotel, eluding the lunging grasp of firemen called to help. The Chicago Tribune reported Tuesday that the mother of a 3-month-old daughter, Melanie Stokes, 41, was said to be suffering from3 a severe form of after-birth depression called postpartum psychosis, an extremely rare biological response to rapidly changing hormonal levels that can result in4 hallucinations, delusions, severe insomnia and a drastic departure from reality. "That was a monster in my daughters brain," said Stokes mother, Carol Blocker. "The medicine took no effect at all, while her grief was so strong that nothing could make up for it. Im just glad she didnt take her daughter with her." Virtually all new mothers get postpartum blues, also called the "baby blues", which are brief episodes of irritability, moodiness and weepiness. About 20 per cent of birthing women experience postpartum depression, which can be triggered by hormonal changes, sleeplessness and the pressures of being a new mother. It is often temporary and highly treatable. But The Tribune said what scientists suspect Stokes was battling, postpartum psychosis, is even more extreme and is considered a psychiatric emergency. During postpartum psychosis - a very real disorder that affects less than 1 percent of women, according to the National Institute of Mental Health- a mother .might hear voices, have visions, feel extremely agitated and be at risk of harming the child or herself. Often the consequences are tragic. In 1987, Sheryl Masip of California told a judge that postpartum psychosis made her drive a Volvo over her 6-week-old son. Latrena Pixley of Washington, D. C. o, said the disorder was why she smothered her 6-week-old daughter in 1992. And last year, Judy Kirby, a 31-year-old Indianapolis mother allegedly suffering from postpartum psychosis, sped into oncoming traffic and plowed into a minivan, killing seven youngsters, including three of her own.Which of the following is NOT a symptom of postpartum psychosis AVisions.BDelusions.CInflamed breast.DSerious sleeplessness. 5. 阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。 BCharter Schools/B American public education has changed in recent years. One change is that increasing numbers of American parents and teachers are starting independent public schools called charter schools. In 1991, there were U (51) /U charter schools in the United States. Today, more than 2,300 charter schools U (52) /U in 34 states and the District of Columbia2. 575,000 students U (53) /U these schools. The students are from 5 years U (54) /U age through 18 or older. A charter school is created by groups of parents, teachers and community members. It is similar U (55) /U some ways to a traditional public school. It receives tax money to operate just as U (56) /U public schools do. The amount it receives depends U (57) /U the number of students. The charter school must prove U (58) /U local or state governments that its students are learning. These governments provide the school U (59) /U the agreement, or charter that permits it to operate. Unlike a traditional public school, U (60) /U, the charter school does not have to obey most laws governing public schools. Local, state or federal governments cannot tell it what to teach. Each school can choose its own goals and decide the ways it wants to U (61) /U those goals. Class sizes usually are smaller than in many traditional public schools. Many students and parents say teachers in charter schools can be more creative. However, state education agencies3, local education-governing committees and unions often U (62) /U charter schools. They say these schools may receive money badly needed by traditional public schools. Experts say some charter schools are doing well while others are struggling. Congress provided 200 million dollars for establishing charter schools in the 2002 federal budget. U (63) /U, often the schools say they lack enough money for their programs. Many also lack needed space. U (64) /U, many of the 36 charter schools in the District of Columbia hold classes in crowded buildings. These schools have almost 11,000 students. District officials say they have provided 14 former school buildings U (65) /U charter education. Yet, charter-school supporters say officials should try harder to find more space. AnotBlittleCnoDnone 6.B第三篇/BB Controlling the Growing TB Crisis in China/B China needs to take urgent action to address a "vicious cycle" of poverty and tuberculosis (TB) affecting a considerable number of Chinese people, especially in underdeveloped areas, the World Health Organization said on Monday. The Chinese government needs to take "immediate necessary action" to control the spread of TB, which is "threatening the future of its 1.3 billion people", WHO said in a report released at the start of a three-day meeting to discuss TB in the Western Pacific region. Poor living conditions and health care in rural China mean the TB infection rate is nearly three times higher than in urban areas, the report said. There are some factors that make the rural TB burden heavier such as insufficient funds for local health programs and increased charges for medical care, it said. "This has uniformly produced a negative impact on TB diagnosis and treatment, especially in areas without specific funding targeted towards TB-related services," it said. The report, which is meant to foreshadow the seriousness of the TB crisis in China, suggests that China adopt a two-year program to control the disease. The government should fund free TB drugs and diagnosis, health promotion and training, and supervised treatment programs at all levels, it said. "TB control should be considered as a key development issue and poverty reduction strategy," WHO Western Pacific regional director Dr. Shigeru Omi said at the opening of the meeting in Beijing. A World Bank-funded project in 13 of Chinas 31 provinces produced "astonishing" results, reducing the incidence of TB by 38 per cent in less than 10 years, WHO said. "This tremendous achievement tells us that the regional target of reducing the prevalence of TB by half in 10 years, though ambitious, is achievable," Omi said. But TB "remains a relentless killer in the Western Pacific region", claiming around 1,000 lives daily in the region - more than half of them in China, a WHO press statement said. "The worsening burden of TB has resulted in a great human tragedy and has had a profound impact on economic development in several countries in the region," the statement said.At present in China the TB infection rate Ain rural areas is three times as high as that in urban areas.Bin rural areas is nearly four times as high as that in urban areas.Cin urban areas is two times lower than that in rural areas.Din urban areas is four times lower than that in rural areas. 7. 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。 B Stomach Ulcer/B Stomach ulcers are the cause of severe pain for many people. Doctors have been able to help lessen the pain of ulcers. They could not cure them. Now doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers. This means they may have found a way to cure people who suffer from the stomach pain. Studies show that ten percent of the population will develop an ulcer at some time in their life. So a possible cure is good news for many people. Ulcers are wounds in the stomach that are similar to small cuts or tears. These wounds can harm the tissue in the stomach, the pipe that carries the food to the stomach or parts of the small intestines. Fluids in the stomach then increase the pain of an ulcer. How does a person know he or she has an ulcer Doctors say most people with ulcers feel a burning pain in their chest or stomach3. This pain often is called heartburn. It usually happens before eating or during the night. It causes some people to lose their desire to eat, or they are unable to keep food in their stomachs. Doctors believed that ulcers were caused by unusually strong stomach fluids, which damaged stomach tissue. Now they have discovered that most ulcers are caused by a bacterial organism called Hillico Bactor Pilorie or H Pilorie. H Pilorie bacteria are what make stomach produce extra stomach fluid. Doctors found that they can kill the bacteria with medicines called antibiotics. Health experts say the discovery of a cure for ulcers can save thousands of millions of dollars in medical costs. They also believe curing ulcers will reduce the number of people who develop, stomach cancer. The number of people with stomach cancer is very high in Japan, Southeast Asia and pans of Africa. Doctors say a person is more likely to get an ulcer if someone in his or her family has had one. In fact a person with the family history of ulcers is three times more likely to get one than other people. There are ways people can protect themselves from developing an ulcer. Doctors say it is more important to reduce the amount of strong fluids in the stomach. To do this, doctors say, people should not smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol. And they say people should reduce tension in their lives.Now doctors can successfully cure stomach ulcers. AA. RightBB. WrongCC. Not mentioned 8. 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。 B第一篇/BB Egypt Felled by Famine/B Even ancient Egypts mighty pyramid builders were powerless in the face of the famine that helped bring down their civilisation around 2180 BC. Now evidence gleaned from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a shif