2021四川大学英语考试真题卷（2）.docx

2021四川大学英语考试真题卷（2）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.BTEXT D/B We come in different colors: red, black, white, yellow and brown, have a variety of political systems, social systems, religious views or none at all; we are different intellectually, have different educational systems, different socio-economic classes; psychologically we are normal, abnormal, neurotic, psychotic, we speak different languages, and have different customs and costumes. Studying human beings biologically and physiologically leads us to very different conclusions about how alike or different we are from each other. Very different indeed, every human being on the planet, all 5.3 billion of us, has the same number of bones, of the same type, serving the same purposes; each of us has 46 chromosomes, 23 from each parent, and these chromosomes, genes and the DNA and RNA of which they are integral parts, are in every single human being; every cell, every membrane, every tissue, and every organ is the same everywhere. We all have a heart, a circulatory system, 2 lungs, a liver, 2 kidneys, a brain and nervous system, a reproductive system, digestive and excretory systems, musculature, in short, we are the same biologically and our bodies perform the same functions everywhere on the planet. And as we learned in Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice, if you prick us, any of us, "do we not bleed" Of course we do, and we bleed red blood no matter what the color of our skin, or the language we speak, the clothing we wear, the gods we worship, .or our geographical home. Man is of a Piece biologically; all equally effective organisms whether Amazon Indian, Australian aborigine, Parisian artist, Greek sailor, Chinese student, American astronaut, Russian soldier, or Palesfinian citizen. Well then, you ask, how is that so many groups of people disparage other groups, persecute them, and claim superiority over them Why is it that some groups of people still hunt animals, wear little or no clothing, have little or no technology, while others are very sophisticated in their technology, industry, transportation, communication, food gathering and storage It is, of course, a matter of culture and the civilization that emerges and evolves from it. Though man is man everywhere, where he lives, when he lives there, with whom he lives there, all affect how he lives: that is, what he believes, what he wears, his customs, his gods, his rituals, his myths and literature, his language and his institutions. These are man-made artifacts that each group develops over time, living together, facing the same problems, needing and desiring the same things. They axe his culture, his identity. The interactions of two powerful forces in all human life: nature (biology) and nurture (culture and civilization), shape us. Each culture has its own distinctive ways of seeing, feeling, thinking, speaking, believing, and just as no two humans are identical in all respects, so no two cultures are identical in all respects. But, wherever humans have lived and live today, there is culture with all of its elements embedded in a civilization that expresses that core of thought and feeling in its language, its institutions and other social organizations. All civilizations and the cultures that nourish them have hierarchies; social institutions, language, art of all kinds, religion or a system of spiritual beliefs of some kind, laws, customs, rituals (other than religious) and ceremonies. A study of anthropology and make it very clear that humans have created divisions and exacerbated superficial external difference for their own ulterior purposes whether political, social, economic or religious. The truth is that we are much more alike in very basic ways than we are different. If you wear one type of garment and I wear another, we both wear some kind of garment. Our culture demands it. If you speak one language and I another, we both speak so that others will understand us; we must communicate with each other. Nothing is gained by overemphasizing differences, but much is lost. If we understood our differences as cultural variations of our basic, universal humanity it could restore sanity and peace to this often turbulent world. Muslims and Jews, Catholics and Protestants, Serbs and Croats, blacks and whites, we are all human and need the same things to survive and to thrive. Different does not mean inferior or superior; it does not mean better or worse; right or wrong. It means only that artificial distinctions have been made by society, and these have denied our universal humanity that is cell deep and incontrovertible. Differences produce variety Of thought, feeling, and action and that can be very stimulating to peaceful and creative solutions to human problems. Can we accept our biological brotherhood and put aside our man-made, artificial, cultural enmities Adifferences mainly come from cultureBdifferences can be neglectedCwe will gain nothing if giving up differencesDwe will lose anything if keeping differences 2. In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview with a chief-editor. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following questions. Now listen to the interview.Which of the following statements about the management trainee scheme is TRUE ATrainees are required to sign contracts initially.BTrainees performance is evaluate.d when necessary.CTrainees starting salary is 870 pounds.DTrainees cannot quit the management scheme. 3.BTEXT C/B Skeletal remains with animal bone blades tied to the feet testify to skatings existence as early as 10,000 BC. These remains were found in the Netherlands. Scandinavia is called the mother of skating because of the sports popularity there, beginning around 1000AD. Ice skating was primarily a means of transportation at first, although documents from the Netherlands indicate that speed races were held in towns as early as the 15th century. American athlete Jackson Haines is known as the father of modem figure skating. Haines was born in 1840 in New York City. After studying dance and ballet, he became a dancing master and applied his dancing techniques to figure skating. He performed around the world and became well known for his imaginative and artistic techniques. Haines s style was enthusiastically received in Europe and eventually became accepted internationally. The formation of national and international skating organizations began during the 1890s. In 1892 the International Skating Union (ISU) was established. Today the ISU defines the rules and sets performance standards for speed skating, figure skating, and ice dancing competitions. Also in the late 1800s the National Amateur Skating Association of the United States and the International Skating Union of America were founded. In 1921 national standards were set down for skating, and the United States Figure Skating Association (USFSA) was formed to govern the sport in the United States, superseding the earlier organizations. Speed skating in the United States is governed by the United States International Speed Skating Association and the Amateur Speedskating Union of the United States, both of which are affiliated with the ISU. The first official mens world speed skating championships were held in 1893. Womens world champion- snip speed skating events first took place in 1947. The first mens world figure skating championships were held in Saint Petersburg, Russia, in 1896, and in 1906 the first womens championships were held in Davos, Switzerland. Figure skating was included in the Summer Olympics of 1908 and 1920 and at the first Winter Olympics in 1924, where mens speed skating events were also held. Womens speed skating made its Olympic debut in the 1960 Olympic Games. Ice dancing was added to Olympic competition in 1976, and short-track speed skating was first included in the 1988 Games. Norways Sonja Henie played a large role in popularizing figure skating during the 1920s and 1930s. On the strength of her athletic jumps, modem costumes, and inventive choreography she won gold medals at the Winter Olympic Games in 1928, 1932, and 1936. Henie later skated in ice shows and in motion pictures, inspiring many people to take up skating. American skater Dick Button, a five-time world champion and two-time Olympic gold medalist, brought outstanding athleticism to skating. Along with inventing the flying camel sit spin, he was also the first skater to successfully complete a double axel and a triple jump in competition. In the 1970s Soviet pairs skaters Oleg and Ludmila Protopopov transformed pairs skating with their elegant, bailetlike movements. In the 1980s British ice dancers Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean dominated competition with innovative routines that broke away from ice dancing traditions. The development of modem speed skating is credited to Jaap Eden, a Dutch skater bom in 1873. He set a world record in 1894, completing a 5000-meter race in 8 minutes 37.6 seconds. Since then Eden s record has been broken many times and today the best skaters complete the same distance in a little over 6 minutes, primarily as a result of more sophisticated training methods. Other successful speed skaters include Eric Heiden of the United States, a three-time world champion who won five gold medals during the 1980 Winter Olympics; Norways Johann Olav Koss, who set three new world records during the 1994 Winter Olympics; and Dan Jansen of the United States, who dominated speed skating for more than ten years from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s, capping his success with a gold medal and a world record in the 1000-meter long-track race at the 1994 Olympics. Successful female speed skaters include Germanys Gunda Niemann, who won seven all- around world championship titles between 1991 and 1998, and Bonnie Blair of the United States, who won a total of five Olympic gold medals in the 1988, 1992, and 1994 Olympics. Blair was also the first woman to skate 500 meters in less than 39 seconds.From the passage we can infer that_. Amany people have dedicated to the skatingBmodem speed skating will become more and more quickCfigure skating will be further innovated and improvedDmore and more people like skating now 4.BTEXT E/B Concern with money, and then more money, in order to buy the conveniences and luxuries of modern life, has brought great changes to the lives of most Frenchmen. More people are working than ever before in France. In the cities the traditional leisurely midday meal is disappearing. Offices, shops, and factories are discovering the great efficiency of a short lunch hour in company lunchrooms. In almost all lines of work emphasis now falls on ever-increasing output. Thus the "typical" Frenchman produces more, earns more, and buys more consumer goods than his counterpart of only a generation ago. He gains in creature comforts and ease of life. What he loses to some extent is his sense of personal uniqueness, or individuality. Some say that France has been Americanized. This is because the United States is a world symbol of the technological society and its consumer products. The so-called Americanization of France has its critics. They fear that "assembly-line life" will lead to the disappearancg of the pleasures of the more graceful and leisurely (bout less proiuctive) old French style. What will happen, they ask, to taste, elegance, and the cultivation of the good things in lifeto joy in the smell of a freshly picked apple, a stroll by the river, or just happy hours of conversation in a local cafe Since the late 1950s life in France has indeed taken on qualities of rush, tension, and the pursuit of material gain. Some of the strongest critics of the new way of life are the young, especially university students. They are concerned with the future, and they fear that France isthreatened by the triumph of this competitive, goods-oriented culture. Occasionally, they have reacted against the trend with considerable violence. In spite of the critics, however, countless Frenchmen are committed to keeping France in the forefront of the modern economic world. They find that the present life brings more rewards, conveniences, and pleasures than that of the past. They believe that a modern, industrial France is preferable to the old.Which of the following is NOT true about Frenchmen AMany of them prefer the modern life style.BThey actually enjoy working at the assembly line.CThey are more concerned with money than before.DThey are more competitive than the old generation. 5. In this section there are several reading passages followed by a total of twenty multiple. choice questions. Read the passages carefully and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet. BTEXT A/B "I do." To Americans those two words carry great meaning. They can even change your life. Especially if you say them at your own wedding. Making wedding vows is like signing a contract, Now Americans dont really think marriage is a business deal. But marriage is serious business. It all begins with engagement. Traditionally, a young man asks the father of his sweetheart for permission to marry her. If the father agrees, the man later proposes to her. Often he tries to surprise her by "popping the question" in a romantic way. Sometimes the couple just decides together that the time is right to get married. The man usually gives his fiancfe a diamond ring as a symbol of their engagement. They may be engaged for weeks, months or even years. As the big day approaches, bridal showers and bachelors parties provide many useful gifts. Today many couples also receive counseling during engagement. This prepares them for the challenges of married life. At last its time for the wedding. Although most weddings follow long-held traditions, theres still room for American individualism. For example, the usual place for a wedding is in a church. But some people get married outdoors in a scenic spot. A few even have the ceremony while sky-diving or riding on horseback! The couple may invite hundreds of people or just a few close friends. They choose their own style of colors, decorations and music during the ceremony. But some things rarely change. The bride usually wears a beautiful, long white wedding dress. She traditionally wears "something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue". The groom wears a formal suit or tuxedo. Several close friends participate in th