2021年宁夏大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)考试模拟卷.docx

2021年宁夏大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)考试模拟卷本卷共分为2大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共44题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Conversation OneWhich of the following is the suggestion they madeAMore traffic lights should be installed.BA speed camera should be mounted.CMore policemen should patrol that area. 2.Conversation TwoWho developed the system of memory aids centuries agoAInhabitants on an isolated island.BThe Ancient Greeks.CA great psychologists. 3.Conversation OneWhere， as the woman mentioned， has got improved trafficAHer own neighborhood.BHer big brothers neighborhood.CHer parents neighborhood. 4.Conversation TwoHow does mapping out notes affect the brainAIt is helpful in reflecting the way people link information in the brain.BIt prevents people from arranging things logically.CIt makes peoples brain function the opposite way. 5.Conversation OneHow was the man punished for his traffic offenceAHe was fined 100 pounds with extra penalty points.BHe had to pay 150 pounds and got 6 penalty points.CHe finally paid 600 pounds without any penalty points. 6.Conversation TwoWhat tends to affect peoples ability to think clearlyAUpbringing and innate differences.BWorry and anxiety.CTheir aptitudes. 7.Silence is to gold what speech is to _AsteelBplatinumCBronzeDsilver 8.Which shape completes the larger squareABCD 9.ChrisAThat is OK.BThat doesnt make sense!CThat would be terrible.DThatll he the day! 10.MirandaADo you mind if I stay here for the nightBDo you mind if I use your phone to call a taxiCCould you give me a rideDCould you call a taxi for me 11.PaulAIll let her know for sure.BIm really sorry!CIll keep that in mind.DIm not going to let her go. 12.Getting a cold or catching the flu is a common complaint for people every year. In fact, people usually catch between two and five colds a year. No one enjoys the accompanying symptoms: the sore throat, runny nose, constant sneezing and headaches. Not surprisingly, cold medications have become a big business. People spend billions of dollars to combat this recurring problem. We see the number and variety of over-the-counter medicines each time we enter a pharmacy. People estimate that, if you combine consumer purchases and drains on health care systems, at least 40 billion dollars are spent each year in the US alone. Is a cure for the common cold possible The answer seems to be both yes and no. First of all, the "common" cold itself is not a single disease. Any of two hundred different viruses could be responsible for the symptoms of a cold. Developing a vaccine for the common cold would literally mean having to develop hundreds of vaccines. Additionally, some cold viruses have the ability to change their molecular composition. Thus, even though our bodies may become immune to a certain cold virus this winter, by next winter our antibodies will probably not recognize it. However, one family of viruses, the rhinoviruses, seems to account for almost 40% of all colds. Therefore, scientists have been focusing their research on this family of viruses in the hopes that treatments targeting rhinoviruses will result in a drastic decrease in the number of colds people get. In the late 1990s researchers experienced some initial success. Biologists developed a treatment, an anti-viral molecule called BIRR4, which prevented the binding of the virus to cells in the nose. This binding is an essential first step in stopping a viral infection and, was it preventable, many infections would be by-passed. For the next few years, the pharmaceutical giant Boehringer tried to make this treatment commercially viable. Unfortunately, they found to their dismay that this treatment only worked just prior to getting a cold or in the first stages of infection, when most people do not yet realize any thing is wrong. As a possible treatment for a cold, it was severely limited and so in 2000, Boehringer dropped the BIRR4 project. Another difficulty in finding a cure for the common cold is that the cold virus does not actually cause our cold symptoms. Indeed, by the time we start to show cold symptoms, the viral infection is almost over. Most infections result in no symptoms at all. The symptoms that we get from a cold are, in reality, produced by our bodys immune response, not by the virus itself. One way the body fights infection is with an anti-inflammatory response. Part of this response is to dilate blood vessels in the affected area and to make the affected ceils release fluid to the surrounding area. In cold, this results in the swelling of the nose and throat, as well as sneezing and a runny nose. This also very similar to how the body reacts when we have allergies. Thus, some scientists are now suggesting targeting the bodys immune responses rather than the virus itself, as we do when we treat allergies. One medical researcher suggests that in order to find a cure for colds we must weaken our immune systems response. Through a cocktail of certain drugsinterferon, ibuprofen and chlorpheniraminecold sufferers would be able to decrease the anti-inflammatory part of the immune response and get rid of their symptoms, while still allowing their bodies to fight off the remaining viral infection. Ibuprofen and chlorpheniramine are both inexpensive and available over the counter. Unfortunately, however, a single dose of interferon is about $ 200 and is as yet unavailable in large over-the-counter quantities. Though at times it has seemed that a cure was tantalizingly close, this process of infection and our bodies response to it is clearly more complicated than previously guessed. Undoubtedly, the search for a cure for the common cold will continue. What form this eventual cure will take though, is anyones guess. For questions 66 to 68, write YES if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage NOChoose the best answer according to the passage. 69. What is the actual cause of cold symptomsAThe cold virus.BThe bodys immune response.CMixed use of certain drugs.DDelayed treatment. 13.Getting a cold or catching the flu is a common complaint for people every year. In fact, people usually catch between two and five colds a year. No one enjoys the accompanying symptoms: the sore throat, runny nose, constant sneezing and headaches. Not surprisingly, cold medications have become a big business. People spend billions of dollars to combat this recurring problem. We see the number and variety of over-the-counter medicines each time we enter a pharmacy. People estimate that, if you combine consumer purchases and drains on health care systems, at least 40 billion dollars are spent each year in the US alone. Is a cure for the common cold possible The answer seems to be both yes and no. First of all, the "common" cold itself is not a single disease. Any of two hundred different viruses could be responsible for the symptoms of a cold. Developing a vaccine for the common cold would literally mean having to develop hundreds of vaccines. Additionally, some cold viruses have the ability to change their molecular composition. Thus, even though our bodies may become immune to a certain cold virus this winter, by next winter our antibodies will probably not recognize it. However, one family of viruses, the rhinoviruses, seems to account for almost 40% of all colds. Therefore, scientists have been focusing their research on this family of viruses in the hopes that treatments targeting rhinoviruses will result in a drastic decrease in the number of colds people get. In the late 1990s researchers experienced some initial success. Biologists developed a treatment, an anti-viral molecule called BIRR4, which prevented the binding of the virus to cells in the nose. This binding is an essential first step in stopping a viral infection and, was it preventable, many infections would be by-passed. For the next few years, the pharmaceutical giant Boehringer tried to make this treatment commercially viable. Unfortunately, they found to their dismay that this treatment only worked just prior to getting a cold or in the first stages of infection, when most people do not yet realize any thing is wrong. As a possible treatment for a cold, it was severely limited and so in 2000, Boehringer dropped the BIRR4 project. Another difficulty in finding a cure for the common cold is that the cold virus does not actually cause our cold symptoms. Indeed, by the time we start to show cold symptoms, the viral infection is almost over. Most infections result in no symptoms at all. The symptoms that we get from a cold are, in reality, produced by our bodys immune response, not by the virus itself. One way the body fights infection is with an anti-inflammatory response. Part of this response is to dilate blood vessels in the affected area and to make the affected ceils release fluid to the surrounding area. In cold, this results in the swelling of the nose and throat, as well as sneezing and a runny nose. This also very similar to how the body reacts when we have allergies. Thus, some scientists are now suggesting targeting the bodys immune responses rather than the virus itself, as we do when we treat allergies. One medical researcher suggests that in order to find a cure for colds we must weaken our immune systems response. Through a cocktail of certain drugsinterferon, ibuprofen and chlorpheniraminecold sufferers would be able to decrease the anti-inflammatory part of the immune response and get rid of their symptoms, while still allowing their bodies to fight off the remaining viral infection. Ibuprofen and chlorpheniramine are both inexpensive and available over the counter. Unfortunately, however, a single dose of interferon is about $ 200 and is as yet unavailable in large over-the-counter quantities. Though at times it has seemed that a cure was tantalizingly close, this process of infection and our bodies response to it is clearly more complicated than previously guessed. Undoubtedly, the search for a cure for the common cold will continue. What form this eventual cure will take though, is anyones guess. For questions 66 to 68, write YES if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage NOWhat did scientists find BIRR4 could doAIt could change the cold cycle.BIt could strengthen the immune system.CIt could only treat a cold in the first stages.DIt could eliminate all possibilities of getting a col 14.John can mow a field in 6 hours. Bill can mow a field in 5 hours. Henry can mow a field in 4 hours. Joe can mow a field in 3 hours. Tom can mow a field in 2 hours. If they all work together at their respective rates, how long will it take to mow the fieldA41.4 minutes.B39.4 minutes.C40.4 minutes.D38.4 minutes. 15.BSection A/B Directions: There is one passage in this section with 6 questions. For each question, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Questions 51-56 are based on the following passage. What Is Good Writing for Children The childrens publishers will tell you they look for "good writing". What exactly do they mean Before you send a story you have written to any publisher at all, your severest critic ought to be you yourself. To have a chance of succeeding in the competitive market of childrens fiction, you should constantly be aware, every single time you sit down at your word-processor, of the need to produce "good, original writing". A difficult task, maybe, but one which hopefully we will help you to achieve. To begin with, let us try to pin down exactly what publishers mean when they talk about "good writing" for children. A useful starting point would be to take a look at some of the childrens books which won literary prizes last year. Reading these books is one of the easiest and most enjoyable ways of: (a) finding out what individual publishers are publishing at the moment, and (b) learning a few tricks of the trade from well-established professionals. It goes without saying, of course, that slavishly copying the style and subject matter of a successful author is usually a recipe for disaster. Nor should you become downhearted after reading a particularly brilliant piece of work, and miserably think you will never be able to match up to those standards. Remember, overnight success is raremost successful childrens authors will have struggled long and hard to learn their trade. Read these books as a critic; note down the things you enjoyed or admired, as well as areas where you feel there was possibly room for improvement. After all, nobody is perfect, not even a successful, prize-winning author. Possibly the toughest challenge is right at the youngest end of the age rangethe picture book. The would-be author/illustrator is attempting to create an exciting story out of the narrow, limited, everyday world of a young child experiencenot easy at all. The whole storyline has to be strong enough to keep the reader turning the pages, yet simple enough to fit into a few pages. Another problem for the new picture-book authors is that it can seem that every subject and every approach has been done to death, with nothing new left to say. Add to this the fact that printing costs are high because of full colour illustrations, which means that the publisher will probably want a text that suits the international market to increase sales, and a novel for ten-year olds, with hardly any pictures at all, starts to look much more inviting. You would be forgiven for wondering if there are any truly original plots left to impress publishers with. But remember that, in many ways, it is the writers own personal style, and intelligent handling of a subject that can change a familiar, overworked plot into something original and fresh. To illustrate this, read The Enchanted Horse by Magdalen Nabb. A young girl called Irina finds an old wooden horse in a junk shop, takes it home and treats it as if it was real. Soon it magically starts to come to life . Sounds familiar The magic object that comes alive is a storyline that has been used in hundreds of other childrens stories. So why does it succeed here The answer is that Magdalen Nabb has created a strong, believable character in the lonely, unhappy heroine Irina, and the descriptions of her relationship with the wooden horse are poetic and touching. So, to return to the ques