2021年宁夏教师招聘考试考试考前冲刺卷.docx

2021年宁夏教师招聘考试考试考前冲刺卷本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.C Minority children often encounter racism in their daily lives, and those who experience discrimination more often have symptoms of depression, according to a study to be presented Sunday, May 2 at the Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) annual meeting in Vancouver, Canada. Unfortunately, minority children perceive discrimination often in their lives, said Lee M. Pachter, co-author of the study. Fifty-five years after Brown v. Board of Education and the Civil Rights Movement, racism is still comnlon in their lives. Dr. Pachter and his colleagues surveyed 277 minority children aged 9-18 to determine the contexts in which they perceive racism and the relationship between discrimination, depression and selfesteem. Participants filled out questionnaires including 23 scenarios in which they might witness discimination, such as being followed by a store security guard, getting poor service in a restaurant or being accused of doing something wrong at school. About two-thirds of the children were Latino or African American, and 19 percent were multiracial. Results showed that 88 percent had at least one experience with racism, and nearly 12 pereent had experienced racial discrimination in at least half of the situations described in the survey. The most common forms of discrimination were racial remarks, being called insulting names and being followed by security guards in stores. Experiences were similar for Lafinos and African Amcricans, boys and girls, and younger and older children. Not only do most minority children experience discrimination, but they experience it in multiple contexts: in schools, in the community, with adults and with peers. Dr. Pachter said. It’s kind of like the elephant in the comer of the room, a metaphor for any subject matter that is taboo, complex and debatable. It’s there, but nobody really talks about it. And it may have significant mental and physical health consequences in these children’s lives. Researchers also delivered the Child Depression Inventory and the Rosenberg Self Esteem Questionnaire to 52 minority children. They found a significant relation between perceived racism and depression, self-esteem and depression, but not between racism and self-esteem. The next step is to look at whether discrimination creates stress that leads to racial inequalities in physical and mental health, Dr. Pachter said.According to the survey, we know that （）.ALafino children suffer discrimination more often than African AmericansBteachers’blame is the most serious form of discriminationCdiscrimination has significantly ruined children’s physical healthDminority children experience all kinds of discrimination in different situations2.B Cancer will overtake heart disease as the world’s top killer by 2010, part of a trend that should more than double global cancer eases and deaths by 2030, int.ernational health experts said in a report released Tuesday. Rising tobacco use in developing countries is believed to be a huge reason for the shift, particularly in China and India, where 40 percent of the world’s smokers now live. So is better diagnosing of cancer, along with the downward trend in infectious discases that used to be the world’s leading killers. Cancer diagnoses around the world have steadily been rising and are expected to hit 12 million this year. Global cancer deaths are expected to reach 7 million, according to the new report by the World Health Organization. An annual rise of 1 percent in cases and deaths is expected, with even larger increases in China, Russia and India. That means new cancer cases will likely mushroom to 27 million annually by 2030, with deaths hitting 17 million. Underlying all this is an expected expansion of the world’s population, there will be more people around to get cancer. By 2030, there could be 75 million people living with cancer around the world, a number that many health care systems are not equipped to handle. This is going to present an amazing problem at every level in every society worldwide, said Peter Boyle, director of the WHO’s International Agency for Research on Cancer. Boyle spoke at a news conference with officials from the American Cancer Society, the Lance Armstrong Foundation, Susan G. Komen for the Cure and the National Cancer Institute of Mexico. The unprecedented gathering of organizations is an attempt to draw attention to the global threat of cancer, which isn’t recognized as a major, growing health problem in some developing countries. Where you live shouldn’t determine whether you live, said Hala Moddehnog, Komen’s chief executive. The organizations are calling on governments to act, asking the US to help fund cervical cancer vaccinations and to ratify an international tobacco control treaty. Concerned about smoking’s impact on cancer rates in developing countries in the decades to come, the American Cancer Society also announced it will provide a smoking cessation counseling service in India. If we take action, we can keep the numbers from going where they would otherwise go, said John Seffrin, the cancer society’s chief executive officer. Other groups are also voicing support for more action. Cancer is one of the greatest untold health crises of the developing world, said Dr. Douglas Blayney, president-elect of the American Society of Clinical Ontology. Few are aware that cancer already kills more people in poor countries than HIV, malaria and tuberculosis combined. And if current smoking trends continue, the problem will get significantly worse, he said in a written statement.The rate of cancer victims is on the increase mainly because （）.Athere is no advanced technology to diagnose cancerBpeople are unaware that cancer is a deadly diseaseCthere’s a downward trend for people to develop heart diseaseDpeople can not easily give up the bad habit of cigarette smoking3.Try your best and get good grades and you’ll find a high-paying job with great benefits, my parents used to say. Their goal in life was to （36）a college education for my elder sister and me, so that we would have the greatest chance for success in life. When I （37）earned my diploma in 1976, my parents had realized their goal. It was the crowning achievement of their lives. I was hired by a Big 8 accounting firm, and I （38）a long career and retirement at an early age. My husband, Michael, followed a （39）path. We both came from hard-working families, of modest means but with strong work ethics. Michael also graduated with honors, but he did it twice: first as an engineer and then from law school. He was quickly （40）by a prestigious Washington D.C. law firm that specialized in patent law, and his future seemed bright, career path well-defined and early retirement （41）. Although we have been successful in our careers, they have not （42）quite as we expected, We both have changed positions several timesfor all the right reasonsbut there are no pension plans vesting on our behalf. Our retirement （43）are growing only through our individual contributions. Michael and I have a wonderful marriage with three great children. We have spent a （44）making sure our children have received the best education （45）. One day in 1996, one of my children came home （46）with school. He was bored and tired of studying. Why should I put time into studying subjects I’ll never use in real life he （47）. Without thinking, I responded, Because if you don’t get good grades, you won’t get into college. Regardless of whether I go to college, he replied, I’m going to be rich. If you don’t graduate from college, you won’t get a good job, I responded with a tinge of panic and motherly （48）.And if you don’t have a good job, how do you plan to get rich My son smirked and slowly （49）his head with mild boredom. We have had this talk many times before. He lowered his head and rolled his eyes. My words of motherly wisdom were failing on （50）ears once again. Though smart and strong-willed, he has always been a polite and respectful young man. Mom, he began. It was my turn to be （51）. Get with the times! Look around; the richest people didn’t get rich because of their （52）Look at Michael Jordan and Madonna. Even Bill Gates, who dropped out of Harvard, founded Microsoft; he is now the richest man in America, and he’s still in his 30s. There is a baseball pitcher who makes more than $4 million a year even though he has been （53）’mentally challenged’. There was a long （54）between us. It was dawning on me that I was giving my son the same advice my parents had given me. The world around us has changed, but the advice hasn’t. Getting a good education and making good grades no longer （55） success, and nobody seems to have noticed, except our children.第二空应选择（）AreluctantlyBnarrowlyChonorablyDcompletely4.A Sometimes we need to remind ourselves that thanUulness is indeed a virtue. William Bennett Thanksgiving Day was near. The first grade teacher gave her class a fun assignmentto draw a picture of something for which they were thankful. Most of the class might be considered economically disadvantaged, but still many would celebrate the holiday with turkey and other traditional goodies of the season. These, the teacher thought, would be the subjects of most of her students’art. And they were. But Douglas made a different kind of picture. Douglas was a different kind of boy. He was the teacher’s true child of misery, weak and unhappy. As other children played at break, Douglas was likely to stand close by her side. One could only guess at the pain Douglas felt behind those sad eyes. Yes, his picture was different. When asked to draw a picture of something for which he was thankful, he drew a hand. Nothing else! Just an empty hand! His abstract image captured the imagination of his peers. Whose hand could it be One child guessed it was the hand of a farmer, because farmers raise turkeys. Another suggested a police officer, because the police protect and care for people. Still others guessed it was the hand of’God, for God feeds us. And so the discussion went-until the teacher almost forgot the young artist hnnself. When the children had gone on to other assignments, she paused at Doughs’desk, beat down, and asked him whose hand it was. The little boy looked away and murmured, It’s yours, teacher. She recalled the times she had taken his hand and walked with him here or there, as she had the other students. How often had she said, Take my hand, Douglas, we’ll go outside. Or, Let me show you how to hold your pencil. Or, Let’s do this together. Douglas was most thankful for his teacher’s hand. Brushing aside a tear, she went on with her work. The story speaks of more than thankfulness. It says something about tea.chers teaching and parents parenting and friends showing friendship, and how much it means to the Douglases of the world. They might not always say thanks, but they’ll remember the hand that reaches out.At what Douglas had drawn and said, the teacher must have felt very （）.AembarrassedBsurprisedCtouchedDconfused5.C Minority children often encounter racism in their daily lives, and those who experience discrimination more often have symptoms of depression, according to a study to be presented Sunday, May 2 at the Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) annual meeting in Vancouver, Canada. Unfortunately, minority children perceive discrimination often in their lives, said Lee M. Pachter, co-author of the study. Fifty-five years after Brown v. Board of Education and the Civil Rights Movement, racism is still comnlon in their lives. Dr. Pachter and his colleagues surveyed 277 minority children aged 9-18 to determine the contexts in which they perceive racism and the relationship between discrimination, depression and selfesteem. Participants filled out questionnaires including 23 scenarios in which they might witness discimination, such as being followed by a store security guard, getting poor service in a restaurant or being accused of doing something wrong at school. About two-thirds of the children were Latino or African American, and 19 percent were multiracial. Results showed that 88 percent had at least one experience with racism, and nearly 12 pereent had experienced racial discrimination in at least half of the situations described in the survey. The most common forms of discrimination were racial remarks, being called insulting names and being followed by security guards in stores. Experiences were similar for Lafinos and African Amcricans, boys and girls, and younger and older children. Not only do most minority children experience discrimination, but they experience it in multiple contexts: in schools, in the community, with adults and with peers. Dr. Pachter said. It’s kind of like the elephant in the comer of the room, a metaphor for any subject matter that is taboo, complex and debatable. It’s there, but nobody really talks about it. And it may have significant mental and physical health consequences in these children’s lives. Researchers also delivered the Child Depression Inventory and the Rosenberg Self Esteem Questionnaire to 52 minority children. They found a significant relation between perceived racism and depression, self-esteem and depression, but not between racism and self-esteem. The next step is to look at whether discrimination creates stress that leads to racial inequalities in physical and mental health, Dr. Pachter said.The underlined part in Pars. 5 most probably means "（）".Aan elephant that is trappedBan obvious problem which goes ignoredCa place where discrimination occursDa child who is unfairly treated6.B Cancer will overtake heart disease as the world’s top killer by 2010, part of a trend that should more than double global cancer eases and deaths by 2030, int.ernational health experts said in a report released Tuesday. Rising tobacco use in developing countries is believed to be a huge reason for the shift, particularly in China and India, where 40 percent of the world’s smokers now live. So is better diagnosing of cancer, along with the downward trend in infectious discases that used to be the world’s leading killers. Cancer diagnoses around the world have steadily been rising and are expected to hit 12 million this year. Global cancer deaths are expected to reach 7 million, according to the new report by the World Health Organization. An annual rise of 1 percent in cases and deaths is expected, with even larger increases in China, Russia and India. That means new cancer cases will likely mushroom to 27 million annually by