2021年广东大学英语考试模拟卷（6）.docx

2021年广东大学英语考试模拟卷（6）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Passage TwoA. It costs more than expected. B. It can cause pollution. C. Its price is quite reasonable. D. It should be produced locally. 2.A. Help Flora with her paper next week. B. Ask Flora to clean the apartment by herself. C. Ask someone else to clean the apartment with Flora. D. Ask Flora to wait until next weekend to do the cleaning. 3.For-Profit Colleges Clean Up Their Acts. Sort Of 4.Passage OneA. By observing hibernating and migrating animals. B. By feeling the cold wind. C. By observing the soil in the field. D. By observing the falling leaves. 5.Passage ThreeA. The power of a great goal is tremendous. B. A poor boy can achieve his success. C. It is very important to have an idol. D. It is worthwhile to pursue happiness. 6.Raymond Kurzweil believes that were approaching a moment when computers will become intelligent, and not just intelligent but more intelligent than humans. When that happens, humanityour bodies, our minds, our civilizationwill be completely and irreversibly transformed. He believes that this moment is not only inevitable but forthcoming. According to his calculations, the end of human civilization as we know it is about 35 years away. Computers are getting faster. Everybody knows that. Also, computers are getting faster fasterthat is, the rate at which theyre getting faster is increasing. True True. So if computers are getting so much faster, so incredibly fast, there might conceivably come a moment when they are capable of something comparable to human intelligenceartificial intelligence. All that horsepower could be put in the service of emulating whatever it is our brains are doing when they create consciousnessnot just doing arithmetic very quickly or composing piano music but also driving cars, writing books, making ethical decisions, appreciating fancy paintings, making witty observations at cocktail parties, If you can swallow that idea, and a lot of other very smart people can, then all bets are off. From that point on, theres no reason to think computers would stop getting more powerful. They would keep on developing until they were far more intelligent than we are. Their rate of development would also continue to increase, because they would take over their own development from their slower-thinking human creators. Imagine a computer scientist that was itself a super-intelligent computer. It would work incredibly quickly. It could draw on huge amounts of data effortlessly. It wouldnt even take breaks to play Farmville (一款电脑游戏). Probably. Its impossible to predict the behavior of these smarter-than-human intelligences with which we might one day share the planet, because if you could, youd be as smart as they would be. But there are a lot of theories about it. Maybe well merge with them to become super-intelligent cyborgs, using computers to extend our intellectual abilities the same way that cars and planes extend our physical abilities. Maybe the artificial intelligences will help us treat the effects of old age and prolong our life spans indefinitely. Maybe well scan our consciousnesses into computers and live inside them as software, forever, virtually.What does Raymond say about the moment when computers will be more intelligent than humansA. It will bring lots of benefits to human beings.B. It can not be avoided and will come soon.C. Computer science will be transformed then.D. Humanity will be completely destroyed then.7.Over 4 billion text messages are sent each day in the US alone. Could all this thumb gymnastics be subtly changing the way we feel about numbers Psychologists have long known that if a specific tone is consistently played while a volunteer presses a specific key on a keypad, the tone will later be mentally replayed by the user each time that key is pressed on other keypads. With this in mind, Sascha Topolinski at the University of Wrzburg, Germany, wondered whether the activity of texting on a cellphone might similarly lead people to associate words or ideas with numbers. Topolinski found that 27 German study participants rated seemingly random numbers such as 373863 and 7245346 as equally pleasant. But when a further 38 German participants were asked to dial the numbers on a cellphone before rating them, they significantly preferred 373863equivalent to using the predictive text function to type "friend" in Germanto 7245346German text for "slime". Topolinski also found that companies are more liked if their phone number spells out a company-related word, like "flower" for a florist. This applied even if the company-related word has negative connotations"corpse" for a mortician, for example. Many companies already choose phone numbers precisely because they spell out a company-related word, but Topolinski says the number-word association occurs subconsciously, offering companies an opportunity for less explicit manipulation. For instance, a betting company might choose a number that spells out the word "successful" rather than the company name. Topolinskis studies also suggested a way for people to protect themselves from such subconscious manipulation. While dialing the numbers on a cellphone subtly changed the way participants felt about them, the same effect was not seen when the numbers were "dialed" on the number pad of a computer keyboard, where the numbers are arranged in a slightly different way. The effect may be acquired "over several years in which hands and eyes interact over and over again with the cellphone", he speculates. "Perhaps the effect may be disturbed by simply changing the hand with which we dial.The purpose of Topolinskis studies is to _.A. test whether what the psychologists have said about numbers is trueB. prove his theories about the relationship between words and numbersC. provide evidence for his argument about the way we feel about numbersD. find out whether writing text messages affects our feelings about numbers8.A. Shell return the questionnaire soon. B. The first question is optional. C. The man doesnt need to answer all the questions. D. The man doesnt need to submit a questionnaire. 9.What can we learn from the approach to scientific research in other cultures Consider British science. In the 1980s to mid-1990s, the United Kingdom consistently (67) many more populous countries in (68) number of papers produced and citations received per paper in science, medicine and engineering. During the 20th century, the United Kingdom (69) more major international scientific prizes per capita than any other nationabout 10% of all such (70) . Many explanations have been (71) for this success. Some British attribute it (72) a superiority of intellect and character. (73) British scientists are a more elite group than American scientists, (74) selective pressure throughout secondary and undergraduate education. My experience in the United Kingdom (75) me to think that another significant reason for this (76) is the British style of scientific investigation. I must (77) that at first I was frustrated by the slower (78) of research in the United Kingdom in (79) with that in the United States. Having recently completed my doctoral research in the intense environment (80) of many U. S. universities, I thought that the greater relative emphasis that the British placed on thinking (81) doing was at best misguided, and at worst, lazy. (82) , I soon saw the advantages of being more selective (83) which problems to work on, which experiments to (84) , and which approach would best (85) the results. There were many occasions where I experienced such (86) contrasts in the approach to scientific research in different cultures. And the experience did enrich my intellectual life indeed.A. conquered B. led C. chased D. pursued 10.For-Profit Colleges Clean Up Their Acts. Sort Of 11.Raymond Kurzweil believes that were approaching a moment when computers will become intelligent, and not just intelligent but more intelligent than humans. When that happens, humanityour bodies, our minds, our civilizationwill be completely and irreversibly transformed. He believes that this moment is not only inevitable but forthcoming. According to his calculations, the end of human civilization as we know it is about 35 years away. Computers are getting faster. Everybody knows that. Also, computers are getting faster fasterthat is, the rate at which theyre getting faster is increasing. True True. So if computers are getting so much faster, so incredibly fast, there might conceivably come a moment when they are capable of something comparable to human intelligenceartificial intelligence. All that horsepower could be put in the service of emulating whatever it is our brains are doing when they create consciousnessnot just doing arithmetic very quickly or composing piano music but also driving cars, writing books, making ethical decisions, appreciating fancy paintings, making witty observations at cocktail parties, If you can swallow that idea, and a lot of other very smart people can, then all bets are off. From that point on, theres no reason to think computers would stop getting more powerful. They would keep on developing until they were far more intelligent than we are. Their rate of development would also continue to increase, because they would take over their own development from their slower-thinking human creators. Imagine a computer scientist that was itself a super-intelligent computer. It would work incredibly quickly. It could draw on huge amounts of data effortlessly. It wouldnt even take breaks to play Farmville (一款电脑游戏). Probably. Its impossible to predict the behavior of these smarter-than-human intelligences with which we might one day share the planet, because if you could, youd be as smart as they would be. But there are a lot of theories about it. Maybe well merge with them to become super-intelligent cyborgs, using computers to extend our intellectual abilities the same way that cars and planes extend our physical abilities. Maybe the artificial intelligences will help us treat the effects of old age and prolong our life spans indefinitely. Maybe well scan our consciousnesses into computers and live inside them as software, forever, virtually.By "emulating whatever it is our brains are doing", the author most probably refers to the act of _.A. predicting all the things that our brains will doB. trying to do everything as well as our brains doC. controlling everything that our brains want to doD. helping our brains make decisions on what to do12.Over 4 billion text messages are sent each day in the US alone. Could all this thumb gymnastics be subtly changing the way we feel about numbers Psychologists have long known that if a specific tone is consistently played while a volunteer presses a specific key on a keypad, the tone will later be mentally replayed by the user each time that key is pressed on other keypads. With this in mind, Sascha Topolinski at the University of Wrzburg, Germany, wondered whether the activity of texting on a cellphone might similarly lead people to associate words or ideas with numbers. Topolinski found that 27 German study participants rated seemingly random numbers such as 373863 and 7245346 as equally pleasant. But when a further 38 German participants were asked to dial the numbers on a cellphone before rating them, they significantly preferred 373863equivalent to using the predictive text function to type "friend" in Germanto 7245346German text for "slime". Topolinski also found that companies are more liked if their phone number spells out a company-related word, like "flower" for a florist. This applied even if the company-related word has negative connotations"corpse" for a mortician, for example. Many companies already choose phone numbers precisely because they spell out a company-related word, but Topolinski says the number-word association occurs subconsciously, offering companies an opportunity for less explicit manipulation. For instance, a betting company might choose a number that spells out the word "successful" rather than the company name. Topolinskis studies also suggested a way for people to protect themselves from such subconscious manipulation. While dialing the numbers on a cellphone subtly changed the way participants felt about them, the same effect was not seen when the numbers were "dialed" on the number pad of a computer keyboard, where the numbers are arranged in a slightly different way. The effect may be acquired "over several years in which hands and eyes interact over and over again with the cellphone", he speculates. "Perhaps the effect may be disturbed by simply changing the hand with which we dial.Topolinski found that if the company whose phone number spells out a relative word with negative meaning, _.A. it is no longer popular like those with positive meaningsB. it is still more popular than those without such associationsC. it will result in peoples preference for the other companiesD. it will have negative effect on the popularity of the company13.What can we learn from the approach to scientific research in other cultures Consider British science. In the 1980s to mid-1990s, the United Kingdom consistently (67) many more populous countries in (68) number of papers produced and citations received per paper in science, medicine and engineering. During the 20th century, the United Kingdom (69) more major international scientific prizes per capita than any other nationabout 10% of all such (70) . Many explanations have been (71) for this success. Some British attribute it (72) a superiority of intellect and character. (73) British scientists are a more elite group than American scientists, (74) selective pressure throughout secondary and undergraduate education. My experience in the United Kingdom (75) me to think that another significant reason for this (76) is the British style of scientific investigation. I must (77) that at first I was frustrated by the slower (78) of research in the United Kingdom in (79) with that in the United States. Having recently completed my doctoral research in the intense environment (80) of many U. S. universities, I thought that the greater relative emphasis that the British placed on thinking (81) doing was at best misguided, and at worst, lazy. (82) , I soon saw the advantages of being more selective (83) which problems to work on, which experiments to (84) , and which approach would best (85) the results. There were many occasions where I experienced such (86) contrasts in the approach