语法复习——定语从句.ppt
The Attributive Clause定 语 从 句定语从句放在先行词之后，先行词由定语从句放在先行词之后，先行词由关系代关系代词或关系副词词或关系副词 引导，关系词放在它们中间。引导，关系词放在它们中间。关系代词：关系代词：who, whom, that, which, whose关系副词：关系副词：when, where, whye.g.1. He is a man we should all learn from. 他是一个我们都应当学习的人他是一个我们都应当学习的人 2. I still remember the day I first came to 定语从句的翻译。定语从句的翻译。 要要 点：点：注注 意：意：用用 法：法：1 . 定语从句修饰人，用定语从句修饰人，用who that，（，（who和和that一般可互换，有时可省去）一般可互换，有时可省去） 如人如人后有介词，则必须用后有介词，则必须用whom .e.g. The people (whothat) you were talking to were Japanese. Is she the girl that sells flowers?He is a man that you can safely depend on. 他是一个你能依靠的人。他是一个你能依靠的人。The girl to whom I spoken is my cousin.The girl whothat I spoken to is my cousin.区别相似关系词区别相似关系词由由who，whom和和whose引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 who在从句中作主语，在从句中作主语，whom在从句中作在从句中作宾语，宾语， whose在从句中作定语。在从句中作定语。e.g.1. This is the thief who stole my bike. 这就是偷我自行车的那个贼。这就是偷我自行车的那个贼。 2. He is the boy whom you wanted to find. 他就是你想要找的那个男孩。他就是你想要找的那个男孩。 3. The girl whose mother is a doctor is waiting for you outside. 妈妈是个医生的那个女孩在外面等你。妈妈是个医生的那个女孩在外面等你。 2 . 修饰物用修饰物用which that.e.g. The train whichthat has just is for xian. The pen thatwhich you gave me is very nice. This is the question that weve had so much discussion about. This is the question about which weve had so much discussion 用用 法：法：3. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2) The time when we got together finally came.4. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.5. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2) I dont know the reason why he looks unhappy today.判断关系代词与关系副词判断关系代词与关系副词重点重点关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）；）； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词选择关系副词 （ where 地点状语，地点状语，when 时间状语，时间状语，why 原因状语）原因状语） 。只能用只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况作为定语从句的关系代词的情况A ) 在在there be 句型中，只用句型中，只用that，不用，不用which。 B ) 在不定代词，如：在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，等作先行词时，只用只用that，不用，不用which C ) 先行词有先行词有the only, the same, the very, all, any, no , much 等修饰时，只用等修饰时，只用that。 强强 调：调：D ) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用级时，只用that E ) 先行词既有人，又有物时。先行词既有人，又有物时。F )当主句以当主句以who、which开头时，用开头时，用that避免重复。避免重复。 Exercise 1 :用关系代词填空用关系代词填空1. The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.2. The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.3. I hate people _ talk much but do little.4. The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that5. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _ father is a business man?7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise 2. 1. My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember.2. Say all _ you know.3. Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.5. This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或或which 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthatExercise4:Match the two sentences1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese._ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking._4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week._ Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.I dont like the man who is smoking.Where is the picture that you bought last week?
