语法专题：状语从句.ppt
The adverbial clauses 徐冰芳徐冰芳试题精选试题精选一、广东高考真题精选：请用适当的单词完成一、广东高考真题精选：请用适当的单词完成句子（横线上的编号是原题号）句子（横线上的编号是原题号）1. 20 he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. (2012)2. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 17 the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man sitting at the front. (2011)3. We understand this lesson best 40 we receive gifts of love from children. (2010)If until / till when答案与详解答案与详解1. If 考查连词。此处表示假设，故用考查连词。此处表示假设，故用If引引导。导。2. until / till 朋友陪朋友陪“我我”走到公交车站，走到公交车站，并且陪并且陪“我我”一起等车。此处前后两个一起等车。此处前后两个句子自然要选用连接词，根据句意应为句子自然要选用连接词，根据句意应为until/till“直到直到时候时候”。此处。此处walked me to 可以理解为可以理解为“陪着我去陪着我去”。3. when 前后两句意思完整，时间同步，前后两句意思完整，时间同步，用用when来引导时间状语从句。来引导时间状语从句。 二、全国高考真题精选：根据句子意思，完成下二、全国高考真题精选：根据句子意思，完成下 列各句（每题后的大数是年份，小数是题号）列各句（每题后的大数是年份，小数是题号）1. How about camping this weekend, just for a change? OK, _ you want. (2010-Zhejiang-1)2. Our holiday cost a lot of money. Did it? Well, that doesnt matter _ you enjoyed yourselves. (2010-Jiangxi-22)3._ all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post. (2011-Shaanxi-19)4.As is reported, it is 100 years _ Qinghua University was founded. (2011-Sichuan-6)5.It was a nice meal, _ a little expensive. (2011-Nation II-19)6.John thinks it wont be long _ he is ready for his new job. (2010-Shaanxi-20) whatever so / as long asWhile / Although since though / although before7.Just use this room for the time being, and well offer you a large one _ it becomes available. (2010-Anhui-33)8.Mary made coffee _ her guests were finishing their meal. (2010-Nation I-25)9.My parents dont mind what job I do _ I am happy. (2009-Shaanxi-13)10. _ regular exercise is very important, its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime. (2011-Tianjin-5)11. The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _ they have the interest. (2010-Anhui-29)12. The girl had hardly rung the bell _ the door was opened suddenly, and her friends rushed out to greet her. (2010-Fujian-26)13. The little boy wont go to sleep _ his mother tells him a story. (2010-Nation I-30) as soon as / the moment / immediately while so / as long asAlthough / though even if / though when / before unless14. The medicine works more effectively _ you drink some hot water after taking it. (2009-Zhejiang-8)15. The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _ he wanted to sit next to his wife. (2010-Liaoning-29)16. The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, _ accompanied by an adult. (2010-Shandong-28)17. _ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him. (2009-Hunan-34)18. _ they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures. (2010-Beijing-30)19. Tim is in good shape physically _ he doesnt get much exercise. (2010-Hunan-32)20. _ volleyball is her main focus, shes also great at basketball. (2011-Beijing-29) if because unlessAlthough / thoughOnce though/although/even thoughWhile / although答案与详解答案与详解1.whatever 根据题意可知，这里是在讨论度周末根据题意可知，这里是在讨论度周末的方式，且答语中谓语动词的方式，且答语中谓语动词“want”缺少宾语，缺少宾语，所以用所以用whatever表示表示“无论什么无论什么”之意。之意。2.so / as long as “只要只要”。句意：。句意： 我们度假花了我们度假花了很多钱。很多钱。 真的吗？嗯。只要玩得开心，花很真的吗？嗯。只要玩得开心，花很多钱也没有关系的。多钱也没有关系的。3.While / Although 句意：虽然他们都是实力很强句意：虽然他们都是实力很强的求职者，但只有一个人将被选出来担任这个职的求职者，但只有一个人将被选出来担任这个职位。位。While在此处引导让步状语从句，表示在此处引导让步状语从句，表示“尽尽管，虽然管，虽然”，相当于，相当于although。4.since It be + 一段时间一段时间 + since从句；自从从句；自从，已多久了。且已多久了。且since所在的从句一般用过去式，主所在的从句一般用过去式，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时。句意：据报道，句用一般现在时或现在完成时。句意：据报道，清华大学从建校到现在，已有清华大学从建校到现在，已有100年了。年了。before常用在常用在It will be some time / wont be long before 结构中，表示结构中，表示“要过长时间才要过长时间才/用不了用不了多久就多久就”。 5.though / although 句意：那是一顿不错的饭，尽管句意：那是一顿不错的饭，尽管有点贵。有点贵。though“尽管尽管”，引导让步状语从句，该，引导让步状语从句，该句是省略句，补全后为句是省略句，补全后为“though it was a little expensive”。注意。注意as也可以表示也可以表示“尽管尽管”，但，但as作作“尽管尽管”讲时，必须使用倒装结构；讲时，必须使用倒装结构；whether“是是否否”与与since“因为，自从因为，自从”不符合语境。不符合语境。6.before 句意：约翰认为不久他就会为新工作做好句意：约翰认为不久他就会为新工作做好准备。准备。It wont be long before “用不了多久用不了多久就就”。7.as soon as / the moment / immediately 分析句子结分析句子结构可知，所填部分应为连词。句意：目前先住在构可知，所填部分应为连词。句意：目前先住在这个房间里，一有合适的，我们就给你换个大间。这个房间里，一有合适的，我们就给你换个大间。表示表示“一一就就”用用as soon as / the moment / immediately。8.while 根据结构可知，空格前后为两个分句，故需根据结构可知，空格前后为两个分句，故需填连词。且根据句意填连词。且根据句意“当客人将要结束用餐的时当客人将要结束用餐的时候玛丽做好了咖啡候玛丽做好了咖啡”可知此处用可知此处用while。 9. so / as long as 句意：父母不介意我做什么工作，句意：父母不介意我做什么工作，只要我高兴就好。根据句意可知用只要我高兴就好。根据句意可知用so / as long as。10. Although / though第一个句子在说经常锻炼的第一个句子在说经常锻炼的好处，第二个句子则说快要睡觉时锻炼是不好好处，第二个句子则说快要睡觉时锻炼是不好的，由此可知二者之间存在转折或让步关系。的，由此可知二者之间存在转折或让步关系。if“如果如果”，引导条件状语从句；，引导条件状语从句；as“当当的的时候时候”，引导时间状语从句，虽然，引导时间状语从句，虽然as还有还有“虽虽然，尽管然，尽管”的含义，可用来引导让步状语从句，的含义，可用来引导让步状语从句，但此时从句必须用倒装，即把名词、形容词提但此时从句必须用倒装，即把名词、形容词提到到as的前面；的前面；although“虽然，尽管虽然，尽管”，引导让，引导让步状语从句；步状语从句；unless“如果不，除非如果不，除非”，引导条，引导条件状语从句。句意：虽然经常锻炼是很重要的，件状语从句。句意：虽然经常锻炼是很重要的，但是快到睡觉的时间锻炼绝不是一个好主意。但是快到睡觉的时间锻炼绝不是一个好主意。11. even if / though 句意：这些工程师太忙了，即句意：这些工程师太忙了，即使他们有兴趣，也没有时间进行户外活动。根使他们有兴趣，也没有时间进行户外活动。根据句意可知用据句意可知用even if / though表示表示“尽管，即尽管，即使使”之意。之意。12. when / before 句意：女孩几乎还没按响门铃，门句意：女孩几乎还没按响门铃，门就突然被打开了，她的朋友们冲出来迎接她。根就突然被打开了，她的朋友们冲出来迎接她。根据主句和从句谓语动词的时态可判断出应用据主句和从句谓语动词的时态可判断出应用before或或when。13. unless 句意：除非妈妈给他讲一个故事，否则小句意：除非妈妈给他讲一个故事，否则小男孩就不去睡觉。男孩就不去睡觉。unless“除非除非，如果，如果 不不”，相当于，相当于if not ，用来引导条件状语从，用来引导条件状语从句。句。14. if 句意：如果你在服药后喝些开水，这种药能更句意：如果你在服药后喝些开水，这种药能更有效地发挥作用。有效地发挥作用。if引导条件状语从句，意为引导条件状语从句，意为“如如果果”。15. because 句意：那位老人请求露西坐另一把椅子，句意：那位老人请求露西坐另一把椅子，因为他想和妻子挨着坐。由句意可知前后文是因因为他想和妻子挨着坐。由句意可知前后文是因果关系，故用果关系，故用because引导。引导。16. unless 句意：学校制度规定除非有成人陪同，否句意：学校制度规定除非有成人陪同，否则孩子在白天不可出校门。由句意可知用则孩子在白天不可出校门。由句意可知用unless。17. Although / Though句意：尽管警察认为他最可句意：尽管警察认为他最可疑，但是他们没有确切的证据，因此不能逮捕疑，但是他们没有确切的证据，因此不能逮捕他。根据句意可知，此处表示他。根据句意可知，此处表示“尽管尽管”，故用，故用although / though。18. Once句意：一旦决定了上哪所大学，学生就应句意：一旦决定了上哪所大学，学生就应该研究录取程序。该研究录取程序。once “一旦一旦”，引导时间状，引导时间状语从句。语从句。19. though / although / even though even though “即使；尽管即使；尽管”。句意：尽管蒂姆没有进行多。句意：尽管蒂姆没有进行多少体育锻炼，但是他的体型很好。由句意可知少体育锻炼，但是他的体型很好。由句意可知用用even though / though / although。20. While / Although“虽然，尽管虽然，尽管”。句意：虽然。句意：虽然排球是她的专项，她篮球打得也不错。排球是她的专项，她篮球打得也不错。Practice 11. Why were you absent yesterday? I caught a cold, _ I had been walking around in the rain.A. butB. soC. andD. for2. Wed like to go and thank him ourselves, _ we dont have his address.A. soB. andC. orD. but3. Do you want to take the black one or the white one? Ill take _ the black one _ the white one. I have already had one.A. both / andB. neither / nor C. not / but D. not only / but also4. It may be very hard to pass the test, _ Ill take the chance.A. soB. butC. andD. or5. Dress yourself up, _ you are unlikely to be allowed in.A. andB. butC. orD. so6. The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest.A. sinceB. whenC. asD. while7. Tom was about to close the window _ his attention was caught by a bird.A. whenB. ifC. andD. till8. I wonder how much you charge for your services. The first two are free _ the third costs $30.A. whileB. untilC. whenD. before9. It is often said that the joy of travelling is _ in arriving at your destination _ in the journey itself.A. - / butB. - / orC. not / orD. not / but10.She had just finished her homework _ her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.A. whenB. whileC. afterD. since答案与详解答案与详解1. D 句意：句意： 昨天你为什么缺席了？昨天你为什么缺席了？ 我感冒了，我感冒了，因为之前我一直在雨中行走。因为之前我一直在雨中行走。for在这里表示原因，在这里表示原因，其他连词不符合逻辑。所以选其他连词不符合逻辑。所以选D项。项。2. D 句意：我们想亲自谢谢他，但是我们没有他的句意：我们想亲自谢谢他，但是我们没有他的地址。两个分句为转折关系，用地址。两个分句为转折关系，用but，故选，故选D项。项。3. B both and“两者都两者都”；neither nor“两者都两者都不不”；not . but“不是不是而是而是”；not only . but also“不但不但而且而且”。由信息句。由信息句“I have already had one.”可知两者都不要，故可知两者都不要，故B项正确。项正确。4. B 由句意由句意“或许通过考试会很难，但我要试一下或许通过考试会很难，但我要试一下”可知，这两个句子之间是转折关系，所以用可知，这两个句子之间是转折关系，所以用but。5. C 句意：穿得讲究一点，不然你是不可能（被允句意：穿得讲究一点，不然你是不可能（被允许）进去的。许）进去的。or为并列连词，表示为并列连词，表示“选择选择”。所。所以选以选C项。项。 6. D 句意：格拉斯哥的生活费用在全英国是最低的，句意：格拉斯哥的生活费用在全英国是最低的，而生活质量可能是最高的之一。而生活质量可能是最高的之一。while表示对比，表示对比，意为意为“然而然而”。7. A 考查连词。题干考查固定句型：考查连词。题干考查固定句型：be about to .，when .，表示，表示“即将做即将做，这时突然，这时突然”。8. A 此处用此处用while表示前后的对比。第二句句意为：表示前后的对比。第二句句意为：前两个是免费的，而第三个要花前两个是免费的，而第三个要花30美元。美元。9. D 句意：人们常说，旅游的乐趣不在于你抵达目的句意：人们常说，旅游的乐趣不在于你抵达目的地，而在于旅游本身。地，而在于旅游本身。not . but .为固定短语，为固定短语，意为意为“不是不是而是而是”。10.A 句意为：昨天她刚完成作业，这时她妈妈就让她句意为：昨天她刚完成作业，这时她妈妈就让她练钢琴。根据句意应该用练钢琴。根据句意应该用when（并列连词，这时（并列连词，这时突然突然）。）。while当当时；时；after在在之后；之后；since自从，由于，均不符合语境。自从，由于，均不符合语境。Practice 21. He became an actor at a very young age but it was nearly 20 years _ he became famous.A. untilB. whenC. beforeD. that2. Peter started looking through the mail _ he entered his room.A. as soon asB. in caseC. unlessD. because3. Doctors say it will be many years _ scientists develop an effective treatment for AIDS.A. whenB. sinceC. beforeD. as4. The symbol was used to show the cost or weight of something _ it became the standard symbol for e-mails.A. thoughB. sinceC. whenD. before5. What time did you come back yesterday? It was 12 oclock _ he arrived home.A. beforeB. thatC. whenD. until6. _ our national football team lost the game to such a weak team as Syria by 2 to 3, I held no doubt about the new coachs ability.A. UntilB. By the time C. Unless D. After7. How long do you think _ the computer company launches a new model?A. it will be beforeB. will it be untilC. will it be whenD. it will be that8. _ I saw him, I know he is my former friend, Henry.A. A secondB. The secondC. For the secondD. In a second9. It was _ Benazir Bhutto, former Pakistan prime minister, was leaving the rally（集会）（集会）that the suicide bomb happened, _ the world felt sorry.A. when / for whichB. as / whichC. since / for whichD. after / which10. Its a long time _ I saw you last. Yes, and what a pity! It will a long time _ we see each other again.A. since / beforeB. when / whenC. since / whenD. before / since11. Was it there _ you were away to answer the phone? There is no doubt about it.A. thatB. whichC. whileD. where12.Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break _ she got to her office.A. sinceB. thatC. whenD. until13.It just isnt fair: _ I was working as a waiter last month, my friends were lying on the beach.A. wheneverB. thoughC. forD. while14.I used to love that film _ I was a child, but I dont feel it that way any more.A. onceB. whenC. since D. although15. Jennifer, would you take a picture for us? Sorry, _ I take pictures, they usually come out dull.A. beforeB. untilC. when D. since16. Why didnt you apologize to her? She drove away _ I could say a word.A. beforeB. afterC. untilD. unless17.He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse.A. untilB. whenC. beforeD. as18. Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade.A. afterB. unlessC. untilD. when19. Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Yes, I gave it to her _ I saw her.A. whileB. the momentC. suddenly D. once20.Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up _ I could answer the phone.A. asB. sinceC. untilD. before21.When _ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.A. askingB. askedC. having askedD. to be asked答案与详解答案与详解1. C It will be / was + 一段时间一段时间 + before，表示，表示“过了很久才过了很久才”，固定句型。，固定句型。2. A 句意：句意：Peter一进房间就开始浏览电子邮件。一进房间就开始浏览电子邮件。由句意可知，由句意可知，as soon as“一一就就”，符合，符合题意。题意。3. C when“当当的时候的时候”；since“自从自从以以来来”，可用于结构，可用于结构It is / was + 时间段时间段 + since “自从自从以来多长时间了以来多长时间了”：before“在在之前之前”，可用于结构，可用于结构It is / will be + 时间段时间段before “在在之前多久之前多久”；as“当当时时”。根据语境答案选根据语境答案选C项。项。4. D though“虽然，尽管虽然，尽管”；since“自自以后，以后，自自以来以来，因为，既然，因为，既然”；when“就在那个就在那个时候，在时候，在的时候的时候”；before“在在之前之前”。句意：句意：成为电子邮件的标准符合之前被用来成为电子邮件的标准符合之前被用来说明某事物的重量或成本。说明某事物的重量或成本。5. C 本题答语不是强调句型，本题答语不是强调句型，when引导定语从句，引导定语从句，修饰修饰12 oclock。试比较：。试比较：It was at 12 oclock that he arrived home.6. A I held no doubt相当于相当于I didnt hold any doubt，否定词否定词no (not)与与until相呼应，意思是相呼应，意思是“直到我直到我们国家队像叙利亚这样的一个弱队我才怀疑新们国家队像叙利亚这样的一个弱队我才怀疑新教练的能力教练的能力”。7. A 句意：你认为还有多久电脑公司将发布一个句意：你认为还有多久电脑公司将发布一个新产品？新产品？“It will be + 一段时间一段时间 + before从句从句”表示表示“还要多久才能还要多久才能”。8. B the second可引导时间状语从句，意为可引导时间状语从句，意为“一一就就”，相当于，相当于as soon as；有此类；有此类用法的单词还有用法的单词还有the moment, the minute, every time, the first time等。句意：我一看到他，就等。句意：我一看到他，就知道他是我以前的朋友亨利。知道他是我以前的朋友亨利。9. A 本题是把状语从句放到了强调句型中来考查。本题是把状语从句放到了强调句型中来考查。第一个空是由第一个空是由when引导的时间状语从句。第二个引导的时间状语从句。第二个空考查空考查“介词介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句的用法，故选的用法，故选A项。项。10.A Its / It has been + 一段时间一段时间 + since ；It is / was + 具体时间点具体时间点 + when ；It will be / was + 一段时间一段时间 + before ；It is / was + 时间状语时间状语 + that 是强调结构。是强调结构。由这几种固定句型的构成不难看出只有由这几种固定句型的构成不难看出只有A项正确。项正确。11.C while引导时间状语从句，表示引导时间状语从句，表示“在在时候时候/期间期间”。句意：当你走开去接电话时，它在那儿吗？句意：当你走开去接电话时，它在那儿吗？12.C 考查时间状语从句。根据句意排除考查时间状语从句。根据句意排除B项。句意：项。句意：由于交通拥挤，她到办公室时，已经是午休时间由于交通拥挤，她到办公室时，已经是午休时间了。了。since“自从自从”；until“直到直到”。13.D 句意：这真不公平。我上个月在做服务员，而句意：这真不公平。我上个月在做服务员，而我的朋友却躺在海滩上（玩）。我的朋友却躺在海滩上（玩）。while引导时间状语引导时间状语从句，意为从句，意为“当当时候时候”。14.B 句意：当我还是个小孩子的时候我很喜欢这部句意：当我还是个小孩子的时候我很喜欢这部电影，但现在再也找不到当时的感觉了。注意题干电影，但现在再也找不到当时的感觉了。注意题干中中used to“过去常常过去常常”是信息提示，是信息提示，when“当当的的时候时候”，符合语境。，符合语境。once作连词表示作连词表示“一旦一旦”；since作连词表示作连词表示“自从自从，既然，既然”；although作连词表示作连词表示“尽管尽管，虽然，虽然”。15.C 考查时间状语从句。考查时间状语从句。when当当时。答语解释时。答语解释了不能拍照的原因：当我拍照时，照片总是模糊的。了不能拍照的原因：当我拍照时，照片总是模糊的。16.A 考查状语从句。句意为：考查状语从句。句意为： 你为什么没向她道歉你为什么没向她道歉呢？呢？ 我还没来得及说话她就开车走了。我还没来得及说话她就开车走了。before表表示示“还没来得及还没来得及”，符合句意。，符合句意。after在在后；后；until直到；直到；unless除非；均与语境不符。除非；均与语境不符。 17.C before在在之前；之前；until直到；直到；when当当时时候；候；as “一边一边，一边，一边”。句意：他虽然犯。句意：他虽然犯了个错，但及时补救扭转了这种局面未酿成大错。了个错，但及时补救扭转了这种局面未酿成大错。18.C never until是是not until的加强语气形式，意的加强语气形式，意为为“直到直到才才”。主从句的时态决定了其他。主从句的时态决定了其他答案不符合要求。答语的句意：直到他儿子成为年答案不符合要求。答语的句意：直到他儿子成为年级顶尖高手才会得到他的表扬。级顶尖高手才会得到他的表扬。19.B the moment = as soon as，用来引导时间状语从，用来引导时间状语从句。句。20.D before此处意为此处意为“没来得及没来得及”。21.B When (he was) asked for his views系被动形式，系被动形式，又由于又由于he和句子的主语和句子的主语Philip是一致的，故将是一致的，故将he was省略了。句意：当菲利普被问起（当有人问起省略了。句意：当菲利普被问起（当有人问起菲利普）他对教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他发现菲利普）他对教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他发现教学工作不仅很有趣，而且很有价值。教学工作不仅很有趣，而且很有价值。 Practice 31. Where do you plan to work? Ive made up my mind to go _ Im most needed.A. to the place B. to which C. thatD. where2. Though it is 30 years _ we last met, I still remember the scene _ we got separated on a rainy day.A. before / whereB. before / whichC. since / whereD. since / where3. Today, we will begin _ we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.A. whenB. whereC. howD. what4. The little girl who got lost decided to remain _ she was and wait for her mother.A. whereB. whatC. howD. who5. _ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.A. BeforeB. WhereC. UnlessD. Until6. My mother likes everything in order, and she always reminds us to put things back _ we get them from.A. so thatB. in whichC. onceD. where7. You should make it a rule to leave things _ you can find them again.A. whenB. whereC. thenD. there8. A number of high buildings have arisen _ there was nothing a year ago but ruins.A. whenB. whereC. beforeD. until9. Everything was placed exactly _ he wanted it for th
