2021湖北职称英语考试考前冲刺卷.docx

2021湖北职称英语考试考前冲刺卷本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Attitudes to AIDS Now 2.Sprained(扭伤)Ankle 3.Influenza (流感) 4.Are You Getting Enough Sleep 5.Sprained(扭伤)Ankle 6.How to Be a Successful Businessperson 7.Attitudes to AIDS Now 8.Influenza (流感) 9.Are You Getting Enough Sleep 10.Sprained(扭伤)Ankle 11.Influenza (流感) 12.How to Be a Successful Businessperson 13.Attitudes to AIDS Now 14.Are You Getting Enough Sleep 15.Influenza (流感) 16.Influenza (流感) 17.Influenza (流感) 18.Influenza (流感) 19.Influenza (流感) 20.Influenza (流感) 21.Influenza (流感) 22.Influenza (流感) 23.Influenza (流感) 24.Influenza (流感) 25.Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage:The lead pencil is one of the most used pieces of merchandise in the world. It is the simplest, most convenient and least expensive of all writing instruments.Perhaps the most surprising thing about the lead pencil is that it is not lead at all. And it is not a pencil. The "lead" is actually graphite from the Greek word "to write." The word "pencil" is from Latin. The first pencils were fine or stiff brushes of hair.American pencil makers turn out their product by the millions. Probably there is no more useful article in the world. As one wise person remarked: "Everything begins with a pencil. Whether its a pin or a battleship, it is first rendered with a pencil."There is a pencil for every purpose. In fact, the industry now supplies 370 different types and styles in more than 70 different colors and in 18 degrees of hardness.Some write clearly on slippery surfaces, such as glass and plastic. Surgeons use a special pencil for outlining the operation area on the patients skin, and packing-plants use another type to write identification on sides of beef. There is even a special electric pencil used for tests checked by electronic machines.There are many novelty pencils. Some have the Ten Commandments, calendars or the multiplication table on them. Some are in the shape of umbrellas, canes, baseball bats and traffic signals. One may be 12 feet long, while others are only 1/2 inch.One recent novelty is a pencil with paper in it. A small roll of paper fits in the center of the pencil and is drawn out through a slit in the side. Its just the thing for those who are always looking for a scrap of paperA popular idea is that a check, will, or other legal paper whiten in pencil is not legal. This is not true. Any legal document which does not specify otherwise can be legally signed in pencil.The author says that the "lead" in a pencil_Ais graphiteBis really a chemicalCcomes from GreeceDis hard to find 26.Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage:The lead pencil is one of the most used pieces of merchandise in the world. It is the simplest, most convenient and least expensive of all writing instruments.Perhaps the most surprising thing about the lead pencil is that it is not lead at all. And it is not a pencil. The "lead" is actually graphite from the Greek word "to write." The word "pencil" is from Latin. The first pencils were fine or stiff brushes of hair.American pencil makers turn out their product by the millions. Probably there is no more useful article in the world. As one wise person remarked: "Everything begins with a pencil. Whether its a pin or a battleship, it is first rendered with a pencil."There is a pencil for every purpose. In fact, the industry now supplies 370 different types and styles in more than 70 different colors and in 18 degrees of hardness.Some write clearly on slippery surfaces, such as glass and plastic. Surgeons use a special pencil for outlining the operation area on the patients skin, and packing-plants use another type to write identification on sides of beef. There is even a special electric pencil used for tests checked by electronic machines.There are many novelty pencils. Some have the Ten Commandments, calendars or the multiplication table on them. Some are in the shape of umbrellas, canes, baseball bats and traffic signals. One may be 12 feet long, while others are only 1/2 inch.One recent novelty is a pencil with paper in it. A small roll of paper fits in the center of the pencil and is drawn out through a slit in the side. Its just the thing for those who are always looking for a scrap of paperA popular idea is that a check, will, or other legal paper whiten in pencil is not legal. This is not true. Any legal document which does not specify otherwise can be legally signed in pencil.What is meant by the following quotation_"Whether its a pin or a battleship, it is first rendered with a pencil."AA pencil is difficult to work with.BThe design of the pencil is rendered important.CThe first designs of pin and battleship are not important.D The pencil is used by everyone for many purposes. 27.Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage:The lead pencil is one of the most used pieces of merchandise in the world. It is the simplest, most convenient and least expensive of all writing instruments.Perhaps the most surprising thing about the lead pencil is that it is not lead at all. And it is not a pencil. The "lead" is actually graphite from the Greek word "to write." The word "pencil" is from Latin. The first pencils were fine or stiff brushes of hair.American pencil makers turn out their product by the millions. Probably there is no more useful article in the world. As one wise person remarked: "Everything begins with a pencil. Whether its a pin or a battleship, it is first rendered with a pencil."There is a pencil for every purpose. In fact, the industry now supplies 370 different types and styles in more than 70 different colors and in 18 degrees of hardness.Some write clearly on slippery surfaces, such as glass and plastic. Surgeons use a special pencil for outlining the operation area on the patients skin, and packing-plants use another type to write identification on sides of beef. There is even a special electric pencil used for tests checked by electronic machines.There are many novelty pencils. Some have the Ten Commandments, calendars or the multiplication table on them. Some are in the shape of umbrellas, canes, baseball bats and traffic signals. One may be 12 feet long, while others are only 1/2 inch.One recent novelty is a pencil with paper in it. A small roll of paper fits in the center of the pencil and is drawn out through a slit in the side. Its just the thing for those who are always looking for a scrap of paperA popular idea is that a check, will, or other legal paper whiten in pencil is not legal. This is not true. Any legal document which does not specify otherwise can be legally signed in pencil.Which of the following types of pencils was not mentioned in the storyAa pencil for surgeonsB a pencil for writing on slippery surfacesCa pencil for writing underwaterDa pencil with paper in it 28.Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage:The lead pencil is one of the most used pieces of merchandise in the world. It is the simplest, most convenient and least expensive of all writing instruments.Perhaps the most surprising thing about the lead pencil is that it is not lead at all. And it is not a pencil. The "lead" is actually graphite from the Greek word "to write." The word "pencil" is from Latin. The first pencils were fine or stiff brushes of hair.American pencil makers turn out their product by the millions. Probably there is no more useful article in the world. As one wise person remarked: "Everything begins with a pencil. Whether its a pin or a battleship, it is first rendered with a pencil."There is a pencil for every purpose. In fact, the industry now supplies 370 different types and styles in more than 70 different colors and in 18 degrees of hardness.Some write clearly on slippery surfaces, such as glass and plastic. Surgeons use a special pencil for outlining the operation area on the patients skin, and packing-plants use another type to write identification on sides of beef. There is even a special electric pencil used for tests checked by electronic machines.There are many novelty pencils. Some have the Ten Commandments, calendars or the multiplication table on them. Some are in the shape of umbrellas, canes, baseball bats and traffic signals. One may be 12 feet long, while others are only 1/2 inch.One recent novelty is a pencil with paper in it. A small roll of paper fits in the center of the pencil and is drawn out through a slit in the side. Its just the thing for those who are always looking for a scrap of paperA popular idea is that a check, will, or other legal paper whiten in pencil is not legal. This is not true. Any legal document which does not specify otherwise can be legally signed in pencil.According to the article, a document signed with a pencil _Awill smudge badlyBwill net last so long as one signed in inkCwill not hold up in courtDmay be legal 29.Questions 45 to 48 are based on the following passage: In ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious association. The Olympian athletic festival, held every four years in honor of Zeus, eventually lost its local character, became first a national event, and then, after the rules against foreign competitors had been waived, international. No one knows exactly how far back the Olympic Games go, but some official records date from 776 B.C. The Games took place in August on the plain by Mount Olympus. Many thousands of spectators gathered from all parts of Greece, but no married woman was admitted even as a spectator. Slaves, women and dishonored persons were not allowed to compete. The exact sequence of events is uncertain, but events included boys gymnastics, horse-racing, field events such as discus and javelin throwing, and the very important foot races. There was also boxing and wrestling and special tests of varied ability such as the pentathlon, the winner of which excelled in running, jumping, discus and javelin throwing and wrestling. The evening of the third day wasdevoted to sacrificial offerings to the heroes of the day, and the fourth day, that of thefull moon, was set aside as a holy day. On the sixth and last day, all the victors were crowned with holy garlands of wild, live from a sacred wood. So great was the honor that the winner of the foot race gave his name to the year of his victory. Although Olympic winners received no prize money, they were, in fact, richly rewarded by their state authorities. The public honor also made the strict discipline of the ten-month training period worthwhile. In spite of the lengthy training, however runners were known to drop dead from strain at the winning post. How their results compared with modem standards, we unfortunately have no means of telling. After an uninterrupted history of almost 1,200 years, the Games were abolished in A.D. 394, the Christian era, because of their pagan origin. It was over 1,500 years before there was another such international athletics gathering. The Greek institution was revived in 1896 and the first small meeting took place in Athens. After the 1908 London Olympics, success was re-established and nations sent their best representatives. In times of peace, the Games have taken place ever since at four-yearly intervals. Nowadays, the Games are held in different countries in turn. The host country provides vast facilities, including a stadium, swimming pools and living accommodation, but competing countries pay their own athletes expenses. Athletic contests are still the main feature, but now many more sports are represented women compete, the ancient pentathlon, for example, has been modified into a more comprehensive test, and the marathon races, initiated in 1896, are now a celebrated event. The Olympics start with the arrival in the stadium of a torch, lighted on Mount Olympus by the suns rays. It is carried by a succession of runners to the stadium. The torch symbolizes the continuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideals, and it burns throughout the Games until the closing ceremony. The well-known Olympic flag, however, is a modern conception: the five interlocking rings symbolize the uniting of all five continents participating in the Games.The first Olympic Games took place_.Aprobably before 700 B.C.Bover three thousand years agoCin the seventh century A.D.D a thousand years ago 30.Questions 57 to 60 are based on the following passage:Our multimillion nerve-cell central nervous system has its roots in the scattered nerve cells of tiny, lowly organisms that lived in water half a billion years ago. Nerve cells evidently first appeared in coelenterates-"hollow-gutted" organisms like hydra and the sea anemone. A coelenterates nerve network lacks any kind of centralized control. This probably began with flatworms-the first creatures to possess a head. Specialized sense cells help flatworms respond more flexibly than sea anemones to outside stimulus. But like most animals without a backbone, flatworms act mostly by instinct and reflex.Intelligent behavior remained impossible until the appearance of relatively big, complex types of brain-the types we find among the backboned animals, or vertebrates. The tidiest fish has a larger brain than the largest insect. But the development of a fishs three-part brain reflects that beast unintellectual priorities. Much of the forebrain deals only with smell. The midbrainhandles vision, the hindbrain, balance. With early mammals the brain grew larger and more complex. Sense coordination shifted from the midbrain to the forebrain, a developing structure capped by a folded cerebrum to handle memory and learning. Meanwhile the hindhrain gained a large cerebellum to coordinate complicated movements. Advanced mammals such as monkeys, apes and humans (the primates) have brains derived from ancestors that took to living in the trees, where vision mattered more than smell. Accordingly the once big "smell" part of the forebrain grew smaller, while the part that handles vision grew much larger.With what topic is the passage mainly concernedA The anatomy of tiny organismsBThe sensory organs of invertebratesCThe importance of vision of fish and advanced mammalsDThe origin of the brain and the central nervous system 31.Questions 49 to 52 are based on the following passage:Radiant energy is also called light energy. Our most important source of radiant