2021海南职称英语考试模拟卷（7）.docx

2021海南职称英语考试模拟卷（7）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Mau Piailug, Ocean Navigator Mau sailed from Hawaii to Tahiti using traditional methodsIn early 1976, a fisherman, led an expedition in which he sailed a traditional Polynesian boat across 2,500 miles of ocean from Hawaii to Tahiti. The Polynesian Voyaging Society had organized the expedition. Its purpose was to find out if seafarers (海员）in the distant past could have found their way from one island to the other without navigational instruments, or whether the islands had been populated by accident. At the time, Mau was the only man alive who knew how to navigate just by observing the stars, the wind and the sea.He had never before sailed to Tahiti, which was a long way to the south. However, he understood how the wind and the sea behave around islands, so he was confident he could find his way. The voyage took him and his crew a month to complete and he did itHis grandfather began the task of teaching him how to navigate when he was still a baby. He showed him pools of water on the beach to teach him how the behaviour of the waves and wind changed in different places. Later, Mau used a circle of stones to memorize the positions of the stars. Each stone was laid out in the sand to represent a star.The voyage proved that Hawaiis first inhabitants came in small boats and navigated by reading the sea and the stars. Mau himself became a keen teacher, passing on his traditional secrets to people of other cultures so that his knowledge would not be lost. He explained the position of the stars to his students, but heallowed them to write things down because he knew they would never be able to remember everything as he had done.At the time of his voyage, Mau had unique navigational skills.ARightBWrongCNot mentioned 2.Toads are Arthritic and in PainArthritis is an illness that can cause pain and swelling in your bones. Toads, a big problem in the north of Australia, are suffering from painful arthritis in their legs and backbone, a new study has shown. The toads that jump the fastest are more likely to be larger and to have longer legs. 46.The large yellow toads, native to South and Central America, were introduced into the north-eastern Australian state of Queensland in 193S in an attempt to stop beetles and other insects from destroying sugarcane crops. Now up to 200 million of the poisonous toads exist in the country, and they are rapidly spreading through the state of Northern Territory at a rate of up to 60 km a year. The toads can now be found across more than one million square kilometers. 47. A Venezuelan poison virus was tried in the 1990s but had to be abandoned after it was found to also kill native frog species.The toads have severely affected ecosystems in Australia. Animals, and sometimes pets, that eat the toads die immediately from their poison, and the toads themselves eat anything they can fit inside their mouth. 48.A co-author of the new study, Rick Shine, a professor at the University of Sydney, says that little attention has been given to the problems that toads face. Rick and his colleagues studied nearly 500 toads from Queensland and the Northern Territory and found that those in the latter state were very different. They were active, sprinting down roads and breeding quickly.According to the results of the study, the fastest toads travel nearly one kilometre a night. 49. But speed and strength come at a price arthritis of the legs and backbone due to constant pressure placed on them.In laboratory tests, the researchers found that after about 15 minutes of hopping, arthritic toads would travel less distance with each hop. 50. These toads are so programmed to move, apparently, that even when in pain the toads travelled as fast and as far as the healthy ones, continuing their relentless march across the landscape.A. Toads with longer legs move faster and travel longer distances, while the others are being left behind.B. But arthritis didnt slow down toads outside the laboratory, the researchers found.C. Furthermore, they soon take over the natural habitats of Australias native species.D. The task now facing the country is how to remove the toads.E. But this advantage also has a big drawback up to 10% of the biggest toads suffer from arthritis.F. Toads are not built to be road runners they are built to sit around ponds and wet areas. 3.第三篇Why So Many ChildrenIn many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Women in these countries have a high birth rate from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman. The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care for their families. Why do they have many so children Why dont they limit the size of their families The answer may be that they often have no choice. There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic. In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different. Many children do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus, industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the case in Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the early part of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate. After World War II, Italys economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman, the worlds lowest.However, the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. Saudi Arabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world. Nevertheless, it also has a very high birth rate (7.0). Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand, are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly, other factors are involved. The most important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women. This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico, Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries. Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down. This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia, Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any real chance of success.In a traditional agricultural economy, a large familyAmay limit income.Bisnt necessary.Ccan be an advantage.Dis expensive. 4.Family HistoryIn an age when technology is developing faster than ever before, many people are being attracted to the (51) of looking back into the past. One way they can do this is by (52) their own family history. They can try to (53) out more about where their families came from and what they did. This is now a fast-growing hobby, especially in countries (54) a fairly short history, like Australia and the United States.It is one thing to spend some time (55) through a book on family history and to (56) the decision to investigate your own familys past. It is quite another to (57) out the research work successfully. It is easy to set about it in a disorganised (58) and cause yourself many problems which could have been (59) with a little forward planning.If your own family stories tell you (60) you are connected with a famous character, whether hero or criminal, do not let this idea take (61) your research. Just treat it as an interesting (62) . A simple system for collecting and storing your information will be adequate to (63) with; a more complex one may only get in your (64) . The most important thing, though, is to get started. Who (65) what you might findAideaBchainCattentionDinterest 5.第二篇Making a Loss is the Height of FashionGiven that a good year in the haute couture business is one where you lose even more money than usual, the prevailing mood in Paris last week was of recession-busting buoyancy. The big-name designers were falling over themselves to boast of how many outfits they had sold at below cost price, and how this proved that the fashion business was healthier than ever. Jean-Paul Gaultier reported record sales, "but we dont make any money out of it," the designer assured journalists backstage. "No matter how successful you are, you cant make a profit from couture," explained Jean-Jacques Picart, a veteran fashion PR man, and co-founder of the now-bankrupt Lacroix house.Almost 20 years have passed since the Alice in Wonderland economics of the couture business were first exposed. Outraged that he was losing money on evening dresses costing tens of thousands of pounds, the couturier Jean-Louis Scherrer to howls of "trahison" from his colleagues - published a detailed summary of his costs. One outfit he described contained over half a mile of gold thread, 18,000 sequins, and had required hundreds of hours of hand-stitching in an atelier. A fair price would have been 50,000, but the couturier could only get 35,000 for it. Rather than riding high on the follies of the super-rich, he and his team could barely feed their hungry families.The result was an outcry and the first of a series of government - and industry-sponsored inquiries into the surreal world of ultimate fashion. The trade continues to insist that - relatively speaking - couture offers you more than you pay for, but its not as simple as that. When such a temple of old wealth starts talking about value for money, it isnt to convince anyone that dresses costing as much as houses are a bargain. Rather, it is to preserve the peculiar mystique, lucrative associations and threatened interests that couture represents.Essentially, the arguments couldnt be simpler. On one side are those who say that the business will die if it doesnt change. On the other are those who say it will die if it does. Whats not in doubt is that haute couture - the term translates as "high sewing" - is a spectacular anachronism. Colossal in its costs, tiny in its clientele and questionable in its influence, it still remains one of the great themes of Parisian life. In his book, The Fashion Conspiracy, Nicholas Coleridge estimates that the entire couture industry rests on the whims of less than 30 immensely wealthy women, and although the number may have grown in recent years with the new prosperity of Asia, the number of couture customers worldwide is no more than 4,000.To qualify as couture, a garment must be entirely hand-made by one of the 11 Paris couture houses registered to the Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture. Each house must employ at least 20 people, and show a minimum of 75 new designs a year. So far, so stirringly traditional, but the Big Four operators - Chanel, Dior, Givenchy and Gaultier increasingly use couture as a marketing device for their far more profitable ready-to-wear, fragrance and accessory lines.What is the main idea of the first paragraphAThe haute couture business is expanding quickly.BThe haute couture designers claim losses in their sales.CThe haute couture designers make much profit in their sales.DThe haute couture businessmen are happy with their profit. 6.Toads are Arthritic and in PainArthritis is an illness that can cause pain and swelling in your bones. Toads, a big problem in the north of Australia, are suffering from painful arthritis in their legs and backbone, a new study has shown. The toads that jump the fastest are more likely to be larger and to have longer legs. 46.The large yellow toads, native to South and Central America, were introduced into the north-eastern Australian state of Queensland in 193S in an attempt to stop beetles and other insects from destroying sugarcane crops. Now up to 200 million of the poisonous toads exist in the country, and they are rapidly spreading through the state of Northern Territory at a rate of up to 60 km a year. The toads can now be found across more than one million square kilometers. 47. A Venezuelan poison virus was tried in the 1990s but had to be abandoned after it was found to also kill native frog species.The toads have severely affected ecosystems in Australia. Animals, and sometimes pets, that eat the toads die immediately from their poison, and the toads themselves eat anything they can fit inside their mouth. 48.A co-author of the new study, Rick Shine, a professor at the University of Sydney, says that little attention has been given to the problems that toads face. Rick and his colleagues studied nearly 500 toads from Queensland and the Northern Territory and found that those in the latter state were very different. They were active, sprinting down roads and breeding quickly.According to the results of the study, the fastest toads travel nearly one kilometre a night. 49. But speed and strength come at a price arthritis of the legs and backbone due to constant pressure placed on them.In laboratory tests, the researchers found that after about 15 minutes of hopping, arthritic toads would travel less distance with each hop. 50. These toads are so programmed to move, apparently, that even when in pain the toads travelled as fast and as far as the healthy ones, continuing their relentless march across the landscape.A. Toads with longer legs move faster and travel longer distances, while the others are being left behind.B. But arthritis didnt slow down toads outside the laboratory, the researchers found.C. Furthermore, they soon take over the natural habitats of Australias native species.D. The task now facing the country is how to remove the toads.E. But this advantage also has a big drawback up to 10% of the biggest toads suffer from arthritis.F. Toads are not built to be road runners they are built to sit around ponds and wet areas. 7.Traffic Jams No End in Sight1. Traffic congestion affects p